Ndeipi ipasi ndiro guru pane rimwe zuva? Ndiro mapuraneti makuru pane yezuva

Avo vanofamba, zvinozivikanwa kuti kana iwe ukazvipira kune basa iri uye hupenyu hwako hwose, pachava nechera, nzvimbo kana kunyange chikamu chikuru chePasi chakasara kusina kudzidza. Zvinoratidzika kuti pasi redu rakazara nezvinhu zvakawanda. Basa rekunyengedza uye kufungidzira kuti rose rakazara rinonzwa serisingabviri. Parizvino, Pasi iri mufananidzo wezvinhu zve cosmic, zvinogona kunzi "mapuraneti maduku ezuva." Scientific, ivo vanosarudzwa semapuraneti eboka renyika, pane zvinyoro zvishoma nezviyero zvepasi rose. Pasi redu ringaita sechinyanya kupera kana zviyero zvaro zvichisvika pamiganhu yegasi guru, izvo tichakurukura pasi apa.

Kurongwa

Kutanga, ngationgororei nheyo iri pasi pechechi yekuongorora nyeredzi iyo nyika inoparadzanisa. Izuva rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa nehanho guru re asteroid muzvikamu zviviri. Yokutanga inosanganisira Mercury, Venus, Nyika uye Mars. Yechipiri - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus uye Neptune, shure kwavo Pluto uye Kuiper bhanhire. Ichina yekutanga - iyi ndiyo nyika yeboka renyika. Mukuwedzera kune nzvimbo yavo, ivo vakabatana nechimiro: zvinoumbwa nemakemikari esimbi uye silicon, vane chekuita, mantle uye bark. Pasi ndiyo mapuraneti makuru pane yezuva iri muboka iri.

Izvo zvina shure kweAsteroid Belt ndizvo zvinonzi gasi guru. Sezvinoratidzika kubva pane zvinyorwa, zvakanyanya, zvakakura kudarika mapuraneti epasi . Zvisinei, mutsauko unokosha zvikuru uri muhutano hwezvinhu zvinoumba zvinhu zvakadai zvezvinhu. Iyo musanganiswa wegesi: hydrogen, helium, ammonia, methane. Chimiro chakadaro chinoita kuti giants zvive zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nePasi uye mapuraneti akafanana.

Yechipfumbamwe

Kana iri Pluto, muna 2006 yaive "yakasvibiswa" kuva mapuraneti ane mapfumo pasi uye inonzi kuiper Belt zvinhu, chimiro chakanyanya kure kure kubva pasi, izvo zvisinei, zvisati zvamboguma kwezuva. Pluto, maererano nevasayendisiti, haibvumirane neimwe yemashoko ekududzirwa kwakagamuchirwa kwenyika: haina huwandu hwemazana kuti ibudise mararamiro ayo kubva kune dzimwe miviri. Sezviri pachena, panguva imwechete mukugadzirisa iyo iri pedyo nemitumbi yebhanhire re Kuiper, mazai echando akaumbwa nemazaya emetane uye nitrogen.

Iye zvino mumatongerwo edu mune mapuraneti masere chete uye mapuraneti mashomanana maduku, asingatongokuri ku "hama".

Ndeipi ipasi ndiro guru pane rimwe zuva?

Sezviri pachena, muviri unofadza zvikuru wezvenyika unofanirwa kutsvaga pakati pegasi guru. Zvisinei, mhinduro kumubvunzo wokuti "nyika yakakura sei mumhepo yezuva" inozivikanwa kune vose vechikoro nhasi. Ichi ndicho Jupiter - giant guru guru shure kwebhanhire guru re asteroids, zvichida rakabatanidzwa mukuratidzika kwehupenyu pasi pano, nguva yose yekuvapo kwayo, kuchidzivirira kubva meteorite.

Kudengenyeka Kwakawanda

Zvakare, zvakaoma zvikuru kunzwisisa kuti Jupiter yakakura sei, kana iwe uchiedza kufungidzira chinhu chinokwana 1300 nguva huru kupfuura Nyika. Kubatsira kuuya muenzanisi: Jupiter - nyika yezuva, yepamusoro peimba yedu mukukura, sebhola bhora pea. Dutu, rakadanidzirwa mumhepo ye giant, yakakura zvikuru zvokuti inogona kuvhara nyika yose yepasi, kunze kweMercury, yakatorwa pamwechete.

Iyo inobata kwete kwete chete ukuru, asiwo kukurumidza kwekushanduka kweJupiter. Inogadzirisa humwe hutenderedzwa kumativi e-axis mumaawa gumi chete, achifambisa pamhanya we 45300 km / h. Munyaya iyi, giant orbit inopfuura kwemakore 12. Uye izvi zvakare zvinokurumidzira, tichifunga kuti kure neSuva zvinenge (zvishanu zvakapfuura kupfuura Nyika).

The ephemeral surface

Vadzidzi vechikoro vazhinji, vaziva kuti nyika yakadini mune yezuva ndiyo yakakura, vakashamisika kuti ingadai yakareba sei kufamba nayo, kufamba. Uye zviroto izvi zvakaramba zvichienderera kusvikira vaona kuti hakuna munhu aigona kukwira kumusoro kwenyika. Jupiter yakakomberedzwa nemhepo ye hydrogen ne helium muchiyero che 9: 1. Iyo inoyerera zvakanaka mumvura inonzi hydrogen. Muganhu uri pakati pemhepo nemhepo haisi iyo, inosarudzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu maererano nehuwandu hwekumanikidza.

Makore uye sunspots

Kana iwe ukatarisa mifananidzo yeJupiter, zviri nyore kuona kuti nyika ine "maitiro anooneka." Iyo inozivikanwa mutsara wemakamuri ekumusoro emhepo inenge yakagadzikana makore: nzvimbo dzhenje dzinoshandiswa dzakasvibiswa nemabhanhire matsvuku. Pakati pavo vakaroorana vane simba mukati memhepo, kana mune jets rezvesayenzi. Zvechokwadi, aya ndiwo mhepo yesimba guru. Nhungamiro yavo inofanana nekufamba kwenyika, kana kuti inopesana nayo. Makore, chiedza uye rima, pamwe chete nejetsi zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu zvakasarudzwa sezvinhu zvepanyika panzvimbo yakatarisana yegasi guru.

Chinonyanya kukosha

Musoro weJupiter unoratidzirwa nechimwe chiitiko. Iyo nzvimbo huru tsvuku. Inogona kunzi chiratidzo chakakosha chepasi. Izvo zvakarongeka, zvakajeka zvakajeka uye zvinopfuurira, hazvipo pane zvimwe zvinhu zvezvinhu zvepasi zvezuva. Masayendisiti anotsanangura kuti Great Red Spot igomba guru mumhepo. Iyo inofamba-famba pasi rose, ichichinja maruva ayo, asi yakanyatsoteerera kune imwe nzvimbo yakasununguka, yekusvitsa makore 350 apfuura. Nzvimbo yacho inoshandiswa nekuchinja muhukuru: iyo inobva yawedzerwa kusvika pakukura kukuru, ndokuderedzwa nehafu.

Zvidzidzo zvemotokari dzesimbi zvakatsigira pfungwa yevasayendisiti: Tsamba huru tsvuku inomiririra anticyclone huru, inotenderera mberi neawa nechepamutengo kune imwe yevhangeri mune mazuva matanhatu.

Approximate Giant

Pamusoro peJupiter mune nzira dzakawanda dzinofadza, asi zvakakodzera kutaura nezve "hama" dzake. Nyika yechipiri muhukuru iSaturn. Hazvigoneki kuti pachava nemunhu asingazokwanisi kumuziva pamufananidzo wezvinhu zvose zvezuva. Chiratidzo chayo chinokonzerwa nemhete. Nenzira iyo, maitiro akafanana, pamwe chete nema satellite, ndeaya ese magasi makuru. Zvindori zveSaturn zvinonyanyozivikaniswa nekuda kwekunaka kwavo. Izvo zvinosanganisira zvikamu zvechando nechinguva chiduku chezvinhu zvinorema uye guruva.

Kugadzirwa kwaSaturn kwakafanana naJovian: hydrogen, helium, methane, ammonia, zvakasviba zvakasiyana-siyana. Pamusoro penyika inoonekwa kubva kunze, hapana hutsika hwakagadzikana hunoumbwa pane Jupiter. Kune mhepo ine simba yakawanda inoputika pano.

Ice giants

Kutevera Saturn ndiUranus, zvino Neptune. Nyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzinozvibatanidza dzikaita seboka rega rega giants guru, nokuti mumvura yakadzika hamuna mhepo inonzi hydrogen, inozivikanwa neJupiter uye Saturn, asi pane zvakawanda zvechando mukushandurwa kwepamusoro-kutsika. Zvichida unhu hunoshamisa hwaUranus ndiwo mafungiro emakona ayo. Nyika iyo iyo yakavata parutivi rwayo uye naizvozvo Sun inopenya zvikuru kwete iyo equatorial zone, asi pamwe nechokumaodzanyemba, uye iyo South Pole.

Pamusoro peNeptune, mhepo ine simba ine simba. Musoro waro unofananidzwa nekuumbwa, kufanana neGreat red spot. Yakanga ichinzi "Big Dark Spot".

Saka, mhinduro kumubvunzo wokuti "nyika inobhururuka yezuva ndiyo yakakura" inzwi risina nyore: iJupiter. Kuvhara shure kwechinhu chiduku ndiko kuwanda kukuru, mhepo ine simba, nzvimbo huru tsvuku. Inoteverwa naSaturn, Uranus uye Neptune, mumwe nomumwe munzira yake pachayo yakasiyana, nyanzvi yekuongorora nyeredzi inoziva pamusoro pechinhu chinofadza. Izuva rakarongeka sezvose uye zvinhu zvose nezvivako, kunyange mukuenzanisa ne giant Jupiter, yakakura. Uye ino kona yezvinhu zvose munzira dzakawanda inoramba iri chinyararire kwatiri. Mamwe mashoko akawanda, kusanganisira nezvegasi guru, iye zvino asiri asina tsanangudzo, dzimwe dzidziso dzinoda kukura mberi. Tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti tine zvimwe zvakawanda zvatinoona, zvakabatanidzwa pamwe chete nemapuraneti makuru ehurongwa, uye ane zvinyanyisa pakukura.