Nitrogen fetiraiza. Ammonium nitrate

Ammonium nitrate Rinowanikwawo boka rinokosha nitrogenous fetiraiza. Nitrogen anoita inokosha basa chirimwa upenyu. fuma iyi rwuripowo Zvinoumba chlorophyll, inova acceptor mapuroteni uye zuva simba, iyo inodiwa kuti pavakwe sero mupenyu.

Plants vanokwanisa uchapedza chete vakasungwa senitrogen muchimiro amides, Ammonium munyu, nitrates. The pfupi shoma zvinhu chakaumbwa nokushanda ivhu tusingaoneki. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvokurima ano haagoni kurarama pasina mamwe pakatanga boka fetiraiza senitrogen, kubva maindasitiri kunyorerana mumhepo senitrogen zvinobva. Mixtures zvinosanganisirei muchikwata ichi zvakasiyana mumwe muchimiro remubatanidzwa danho mamiriro (mvura kana chikukutu). Secrete physiologically alkaline uye acidic fetiraiza.

Ammonium nitrate, ane nzira NH ₄ NO _3, munhu chena crystalline fuma, izvo unotora-matatu namashanu muzana senitrogen muna nitrate uye Ammonium chimiro. Both siyana idzi dzakaparadzana nyore kunyura miti. A granular Ammonium nitrate rinoshandiswa akawanda asati rokudyara mabasa uye sezvo pamusoro kupfeka. Mari duku rinoshandiswa kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinoputika.

Ammonium nitrate rinogona mhando dzakasiyana. Types A uye B Somuenzaniso, anoshandiswa maindasitiri zvinangwa mu putika wemisanganiswa (ammonal, vaAmoni).

Nokuti kugadzirwa fetiraiza rakaiswa amoniya uye nitric acid. The samolecular kurema ari vakawana mukomboni 80.043 amu Kwakachena Ammonium nitrate rine makumi matanhatu muzana okisijeni, rehydrogen mashanu muzana uye muzana-matatu namashanu senitrogen (hapana asingasviki matatu-mana muzana hwokugadzira chigadzirwa senitrogen hacho).

Zvichienderana tembiricha, pane sekiristaro okunatsiridza mashanu rimwe fuma. Vose thermodynamically kugadzikana panguva mumhepo kumanikidzwa. Nokuti mumwe nadzurudzo ine chaiyo tembiricha nharaunda pachavo uye polymorphic kuchinja anosanganisira kuchinja sekristaro mamiriro, kuti Absorção de Água kana kusunungurwa kupisa, kungoerekana wachinja zvakananga vhoriyamu, entropy, kupisa vanokwanisa, uye zvichingodaro. transformations kwakadaro vanoonekwa enantiotropically - reversible.

Ammonium nitrate chinhu oxidizing mumiririri uye anokwanisa kutsigira combustion. In Kana apo chafariz manyowa zvigadzirwa havagoni pachena kubviswa, nefuma anogona putitsa (putika) pasi zvimwe zvinhu.

Kana chavakaona kwakakwidziridzwa tembiricha (mazana maviri negumi - madhigirii mazana maviri) mu namahwindo nzvimbo, amoniya rinoungana, wevasungwa pamusoro nitric asidhi iri ashaye. Panyaya iyi, pane chinokosha vasanyanye manyowa zvakaitwa. Thermal manyowa inenge haagumiri. Kana pachena kuti tembiricha chikuru, zvikuru nokukurumidza oxidation pamusoro amoniya, maitiro ari vaunganidza fuma anotanga iyerere pamwe yakawanda kumhanyisa. Kunogona kukonzera kuputika.