Nyika Agricultural - yakanakira hondo kuwana ari mamiriro

Agricultural nyika (SKHN) ndiyo hwaro pagadzirwe zvinokosha zvokudya, Feeds mhuka uye pakugadzira zvinhu mamwe maindasitiri. Nekuti vanongoda rinokosha hurumende kushandiswa, kuitira kudzivirira, kuvandudzika wokubereka, uyewo kudzivisa kushaya kwavo kubva wechiGeorgian.

Types SKHN nyika

Muparamende muna Land Code of Russian Federation uye Federal Mutemo "On Agricultural Land kwema" № 101-FL allocates chikamu ndima aiendeswa zvokurima, zvinotevera mhando panyika:

1. Nyika Agricultural - nyika hwaikosha, pamwe kuchikosheswa hurumende uye pasi chinokosha kuchengetedzwa. Ivo nzira pagadzirwe dzinokosha zvokudya. Uyezve, sezvo chikamu ndima idzi emit inokosha chaizvo uye zvibereko dzoga, izvo zvinopa okuwedzera kuchengeteka.

2. Non-okurima (the kushumira e) nyika - nyika pamusoro pemvura vari midziyo (dzinongoitika uye chakagadzirwa) rakashandiswa mune zvokurima, uye zviri yakapoteredza nyika.

Saizvozvowo, SKHN migove zvingava nyore kana kunzwisisa. Muchiitiko chokutanga, vari anoumbwa nzvimbo imwe mhando, iyo inogona kuenzana kana asiri dzakafanana unhu uye Utilisation. A zvakaoma, akavapindurawo, akaumbwa vaviri okurima uye "kushumira" nyika yakasiyana chikamu.

Maererano National Land Fund, nzvimbo yekurima mu Russia ndiyo mamiriyoni 195,6 hectares, uye nharaunda basa SKHN nyika - mamiriyoni 207,6 hectares.

Pfungwa yekurima

Maererano "List pakati Land uye rokuzvidavirira mazwi," unotendwa neShumiro Agriculture of USSR 21.07.1970 guta, nyika yekurima - Nyika ino iri rakashandiswa zvokurima, sezvo huru nzira inoshandiswa: arable nyika, wakagara, perennial zvirimwa (pasina dondo nharaunda), nomumatondo uye mafuro (hapana nondo). Ndivo zvokurarama kugadzirwa uye isiri yunifomu mu nechivako kwayo, unhu, uye dzinoungana.

Izvi izwi zvinoratidza zvechadenga dzichipfekeka kushandiswa nharaunda nokuda kwayo dzinongoitika ehupfumi (ivhu, kuzorodzwa) uye kuvapo pamusoro payo zvinhu hunodiwa kuti kuitisa mamwe mabasa. Uchishandisa ichi izwi, kujekesa pamutemo hurumende maduramazwi nzvimbo.

Chimiro uye nyika SKHN

In Art. 79 LC RF zvakajeka nemamiriro zvokurima nyika (arable, uswa, mafuro, perennial zvirimwa). In chirevo nhamba 104 of Federal State Statistics Service 20.12.2007 (ndima 41) uye nhamba 95 kubva 30.11.2005 (ndima 12.5-12.1 1) Zvinotevera urongwa zvakaitwa:

1. Plowland - mumwe munda, iyo zvakanyatsorongwa kupatsanurwa uye kushandiswa pasi zvirimwa zvokudya, uyewo placement pamusoro greenhouses (hothouses, greenhouses) uye vaviri (zviyo, miriwo, zvinomera mafuta, perennial uswa nezvakadaro.). Ekupedzisira dzinosanganisira:

• Net (nhema) - nharaunda kurima mu kuwa rapera nokuda zvirimwa muchando gore rino.
• Rocker - munzvimbo vysokostebelkovye kudyara zvirimwa kuti kuvharirwa kwechando munguva yechando uye pakurwisa kukurwa kwevhu.
• Green mupfudze - nharaunda kudyarwa bhinzi, izvo zvichaita kuti mamwe muzvikamu girini mupfudze.

2. Haymaking - kurima nyika, zvakanyatsorongwa kushandiswa haymaking (varara zvadzinofura rekushongedzesa).

3. kufudza - imwe nharaunda iri iyo nguva kufudza (mafuro) mhuka.

4. Perennial plants - pasi inogarwa chakagadzirwa plantings pamusoro nemiti, miti yemichero uye miriwo, zvakagadzirirwa kubereka chirimwa michero, michero, miriwo uye michina zvigadzirwa.

In tsika, kusiyanisa marudzi aya munyika sezvo wakagara. Nyika ino yekurima yamboshandiswa nyika arable asi kwete zviyo zvasara 1 gore uye kwete kugadzirira pasi ndima.

Kazhinji ndaizvipira kuti mazita pfungwa "zvakavaomera nyika" - nzvimbo SKHN kukodzera kuti kuipa okurima kana vachikumbira kupora (sesaline, munyu inonanzva, kwakakanganisa, dzine mabwe nyika, etc ..). Uye nzvimbo yekurima rinogona kushandurwa asingabatsiri somugumisiro dzinongoitika zvinhu (kukurwa kwevhu, Madhaka, waterlogging etc.), Human zviito (mwero) kana njodzi nevanhu.

Concept uye mhando non-okurima nyika

Non-panorama nyika - nyika ino, panyika kutorwa (hwaro) kuti pekugara zvimwe zvivako kuti kurima (nzvimbo basa, kudzivirirwa uye zvichingodaro.).

Marudzi ichi mhando chikonzero akanyorwa Art. 77 LC RF. The Pamazita zvinosanganisira:

1. Nyika inogarwa pamiti, zvakafanira kudzivirira nyika nematambudziko zviitiko. Panguva iyoyowo chakasimwa hadzingoshandi dondo pfuma uye zvizere anazvo nomuridzi, uyo anogona kusandura navo nokungwara kwayo (okurwadzisa). Maererano National Land Fund, nzvimbo uye nyika Woody shrub chakasimwa unodzivirira mhando ndiyo hectares miriyoni 19.

2. Nyika iri pamusoro pavo kuvharwa madziva. By yokupedzisira chinorehwa mumadziva, wetlands (kwete doro) uye akanwisa basa, izvo maererano h. 2 tbsp. 8 Mvura Code of Russian Federation, havasi kutaura pfuma. Muna 2016 nzvimbo panyika pasi kuvharwa zvitunha mvura yaisvika hectares mamiriyoni 13.

3. Earth, chokuita dzakawanda migwagwa uye kutaurirana kuti zvokurima (reclamation mugadziriro, kudiridza sepombi, etc ..). Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pasi migwagwa zvinorevei migwagwa mumisha (kunze komutemo, samonakatannye) mudungwe munzira Nzira dzaifamba, hamuzi yokuRussia Federation, nharaunda kana Municipality. Nyika migwagwa yose Russia kugara imwe nzvimbo mamiriyoni 2,3 hectares.

4. Plots zvivako uye zvivako zvinoshandiswa kugadzira (chepuraimari), kugadzirwa uye kuchengetera okurima zvigadzirwa (zvigayo, dzokuchengetera, uye dzimwe nomukaka Zvifambiso.).

Non-hwokurima nyika chine chinhu, apo nyika ndicho chinhu chikuru, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu - zvimwewo.

nyika Agricultural ive chinhu

Kazhinji pasi mitemo kunoonekwa sechinhu yakazvimirira chinhu pfuma kodzero, kana rinoshandiswa kureva pfuma. Somuenzaniso, Art. 58 Land Code of Russian Federation anotaura munda, poro dzokumafuro, zviri pfuma vemo kana masangano, uye muna Sec. 2, Art. 4 Mutemo № 101-FL "pasi" unotsiva pfungwa "nyika".

Zvisinei, kuzvitsinhanisa iri chinhu chakaipa uye kunyange ngozi nokuda Statistical kukarukureta SKHN nzvimbo munyika muRussia uye kutsunga mamiriro avo. Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti "pasi" haasi mumwe miganhu uye haana kuiswawo pakati pehurumende rekisteröidy sezvo yakazvimirira chinhu. In yevagari turnover (sale, Rental, etc.). Rinogona kuitawo chete chaiyo nzvimbo.

Kurambidzwa paruzhinji kutenderera munzvimbo SKHN

Turnover SKHN runofarira kunze maererano nemirau dzevagari uye nyika mitemo uye kufunga aivapo nezvatisingagoni. Yokupedzisira zvinoreva wokurambidza zvakatangwa PPA kana mamiriro ezvinhu ayo kurambidza zvakarurama yokuisira mu nedanho muridzi kana mafungiro munyika SKHN.

Federal Mutemo № 101-FL anopa zvinotevera kurambidzwa:

1. Kurambidza avatorwa (vanhu, makambani nezvavatorwa kuita zvinopfuura 50%) kuti vawane nyika yekurima. Panyaya iyi, nyika mapandi risingaperi akawanda hazvigoni wairambidza.

2. nekusagona kushandura nangananga wemapoka pasina chikonzero chairayirwa mutemo. Kushandiswa yekurima pasina chinangwa kuitisa kuMudzidzisi mabasa haabvumirwi.

3. Iva kukura nemiganhu nyika SKHN kuti zvingaonekwa anazvo mumwe munhu kana sangano. Dzinenge zviratidzi takatsunga nenhanho munzvimbo kubvira 10% 90% of zvachose nzvimbo munyika imwe Municipality.

4. Kodzero kukosha uye nyaya administrative dunhu nokuda kutenga SKHN nzvimbo kana waakazvitengesa kwayo.

Kurambidzwa wechiGeorgian nokuti chokuti zvokurima nzvimbo dziri inokosha zvinhu, kuona chikafu kuchengeteka munyika. Zvipingamupinyi vakasununguka riparadzirwe nyika iri mutemo zvinenge zvose kunyika, uye muRussia vava nyoro. Somuenzaniso, muDenmark sangano haana kodzero kutenga kana kubvarura nyika, uye zvaunoita chiso chako uye utano vatengi kunge akararama kwemakore anenge 8 kumaruwa.