October Palace (Kiev): nhoroondo uye mapurani

Rimwe basa makadhi ose Ukrainian guta ichaongororwa yaOctober Palace. Kiev vanozvikudza mapurani mabasa vibrantly uye anoramba kunyange pazvakanga mapeji enhau aro.

Nounyanzvi Vincent uye Alexander Beretti

Muna 1834 Dmitry Begichev General vakapa kuchamuka wake nenhurikidzwa nhatu musha paUniversity of Kiev. Asi panguva chikumbiro wenyika redhoronha yakanga mumaoko pakuvaka Institute for Noble rweVasikana. Kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1838 uye kwemakore mashanu.

Rizivikanwe Kiev mapurani, Vikentiy Beretti, I vanosarudza manyorero mukupera classicism. Asi kutevera kuburikidza haana kushanda - akafa asati ndakapedza basa uye mwanakomana wake, Alexander. The chikuru chivakwa storeys matatu akauya. Une zvipenyu makamuri (vadzidzisi, vadzidzi nevashandi), uye zvakananga mumakirasi. The semicircular risalit chaimbova Orthodox uye Catholic makereke. Around Zvivako kupaka pamwe walkways uye setende, uye nharaunda akapoteredzwa refu noruzhowa.

Panguva iyoyo hapana munhu vaifungira kuti chete makore zana, vanhu vomuguta, kureva kusikwa pababa nemwanakomana Beretta, achange nezvazvo: "October Palace". Kiev I akazoitsaurira chivako mutsva Institute for Noble rweVasikana.

Kupi paunodzidza uye kunzwisisa kuti yomuchinda musikana?

Vasikana vanokudzwa mavambo pakati pemakore 8 uye 13 makore vane kodzero yokuita kuchikoro okugadziridza zvevoruzhinji mari. mwanasikana nomushambadzi wauya pano madzibaba avo kana vachengeti akaita kuti kwavari rebei muripo (350 rubles nesirivha mugore). Zvakanga chikoro chebhodhingi, akagadzirwa dzidzo ine aesthetic uye zvetsika. Paiva adzidza:

• Russian mabhuku uye mabhuku;
• mitauro yokumwe (Polish, German uye French);
• dzidziso (vakirisito kana Catholic) uye chechi nokuimba;
• jogirafi uye nhoroondo;
• svomhu;
• zvinokosha mineralogy uye wefizikisi;
• mufanidzo uye Graphics;
• kutamba;
• nomusoni uye rokuchenesa.

Sciences kosi yakatora makore matanhatu. Chirongwa yakakamurwa kuva siyana zvitatu, chimwe nechimwe makore maviri. Panoperera sangano yedzidzo uye kugamuchira chitupa vakapedza kudzidza akabvumira vane governesses vari vemhuri vavakuru navatengesi. Saka pakati XIX remakore, October Palace (Kyiv) aiva echoto Kudzidzisa mudonzvo mudunhu. Kunyange zvazvo mune chokwadi pakati vakapedza vanogona kuwana yakakurumbira vanyori, vaimbi uye pianists.

ruzivo rwavo nevasikana vakapfuura yakanakisisa vadzidzisi Kyiv dzokurovedza muviri uye nyanzvi Kiev Imperial University of St. Vladimir. Pakati pavo paiva anozivikanwa masayendisiti zvakadai, sezvo Nicholas of Bunge, Vitaly Shulgin, Mykola Kostomarov Mykola Lysenko.

Nokufamba kwenguva, mashoko Institute for Noble rweVasikana akava yakakurumbira kuti vanoda kudzidza yakanga zvinopfuura kubvumira mukana tsika. Institutskaya mumugwagwa, iro muviri Yakazopiwa zita rokuti (aimbonzi Street General Begichev) nokuda kwechikonzero ichochi.

kweSoviet

The simba idzva akauyisa kuchinja munyaya zvose zvoupenyu. Saka, muna 1919, yakanga yakavharwa ne Institute for Noble rweVasikana nokuda kwokushayiwa kwakadaro munyika. A mugwagwa ainzi mune kukudzwa proletarian chimurenga - 25 October. Pano, zvishoma dzichengeterwe mahofisi ehurumende, ipapo akagadzirisa College nedehwe indasitiri.

A mberi itsva munhoroondo chivako chokuita kudzoka guru guta Republican chinzvimbo muna 1934. October Palace (Kiev) akava kuchigaro NKVD. In wedzimba ayo dzakavakwa makamuri enyika vasungwa, uyewo kwakavakirwa kuti kurwadziswa uye vaiurayiwa. Pane vakatambudzwa uye vakaurayiwa yakanakisisa vamiririri Ukrainian intelligentsia - vanyori, vanodhirowa mifananidzo, vatambi, vanachiremba, magweta, zvechiuto. Vose avo vanotenda hurumende itsva, uye kwete kutsinhanisa nyika yokumusha kwavo kuti vararame kuutapwa.

Nokupedzwa Recovery

The Second World War akaparadza chivakwa pasi. Rumutsiriro Its (makore 1952-1958), chikwata ezvivako inotungamirirwa Alekseya Zavarova akava akakurumbira chaizvo zvino. Akashanda pamusoro pakuvaka hafu yevagari Kiev - vashandi, vadzidzi, vokusekondari, uyewo tsika uye nounyanzvi. Kubvira, zita pamutemo meimba yaifanira iziviswe sezvo October Palace. Kiev akazarura mikova muzinda wokutanga vaoni December 24, 1957.

Pakazosvika makore 1970, nzvimbo iyi yaiva huru mamiriro ezvinhu munyika. Paiitirwa unobviswa vanhu 2200. Paiva anokosha zvesimba, Concerts, misangano uye congresses muUkraine. Nerimwe gore paiva Christmas bato. Uyezve, kana mumuzinda akazarurwa zvikamu zvakasiyana - dzekare kutamba, chevarwere kutamba, nokuimba uye zvavo nziyo.

International Centre Culture uye Arts

New nguva jekiseni kupinda enyika uye zvetsika zvoupenyu munyika itsva mauto. Nesimba mhepo shanduko 1991 akapa mamiriyoni Ukrainians tariro upenyu hutsva. Achiti akaonekana navo kuna ichangobva kare, isu rename maguta ose uye prospectuses, sangano uye nzvimbo. Under mukuru nokuimba uye nenzvimbo uye topographical zvakagadzirwa Institutskaya Street akatangazve ayo zita pre-Soviet.

Palace nguva yose iyi yakaramba wechokwadi muzinda mumudzimu wokuUkraine guru. Saka, raibhurari yake ndeimwe rakasiyana muunganidzwa wemabhuku anopfuura 70 000 mavhoriyamu. Kune siyana zvokuita nemashoko kutora chikamu kwe inonyatsozivikanwa vanyori, vanyori, vamiriri, vezvematongerwe enyika, muParamende nevamwe voruzhinji vakabatsira kuti kumutsidzirwa Ukraine zvokunamata. Yakanyatsojeka uye rakapamhamha dzimba, kuti vaenzi vari kugara pachimiro zvakasiyana siyana kuratidzira. Mikana Center siyana nemagungano mhuri huru dzakawanda Misangano, symposia, misangano uye congresses.

Atova XXI remakore, mumuzinda akava International Centre Culture uye Arts. Makwikwi uye mitambo dzinorongwa pano vari mazororo enyika. Professional uye mudzidzi mitambo makambani uye konzati ensembles kubva kunyika dzakasiyana sorukudzo kuoneka pachikuva wayo.

Uye voruzhinji kubva tsika, kutaura pakati, Anotaura "October Palace" (Kyiv). adhiresi enyika ichangobva achinja zvakare. Chivako ichiri iri pedyo Independence Square mugomo mumba nhamba 1, asi mumugwagwa mazana yeDenga.