Opyat autumn. Autumn fallow ingozi mbiri (zita)

Kuwa kwekuvhura mushroom kunotanga kuonekwa mumasango pedyo nekunopera kwaAugust. Iwe unogona kuaunganidza iyo hafu yekutanga yeSeptember. Autumn mushroom inokura mumafungu. Zvichienderana nemamiriro emamiriro okunze, mugore rimwe nerimwe pane 2-3 mafungu emafungidzi aya, ayo okutanga anowanzowedzera. Chimwe chiitiko chekukura kwezvipfeko zvinokonzera-zvinoonekwa nokukurumidza uye zvakanyanya, uye zvino sezvinoita zvakanyanyisa zvinonyangarika. Nokudaro, vanoda "kuvhima kwakanyarara" kunokosha kuti vasasuwa kutanga kwekuunganidza.

Mhuka idzi dzinowanikwa mumasango api?

Mushroom wekuvhura inogona kuonekwa sevanhu vemarudzi edu. Inogona kuwanikwa munenge musango chero upi zvake, ane makore adarika makore makumi matatu. Huchi mushroom inokura pamitambo inopfuura 200 yemiti. Sezvo mutemo, fungi idzi dzinotarisa makoloni pamigomo yakaoma, mhepo yemhepo, mapumps, midzi nematombo emiti inorarama. Kazhinji kazhinji, makomo emakomo anowanikwa pafirs and birches, zvishoma nezvishoma vanogona kuwanikwa pamapini, aspens uye mioki. Wood mush mushrooms ndiwo madhigirii emasango akadzikama. Vakagara pamatanda akafa, vanoiparadza. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinhu zvinokosha zvinodzoserwa kuhupenyu hwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu , iyo inosanganisira. Panzvimbo imwechete, yekuvhura mushroom inogona kuunganidzwa kwemakore gumi nemashanu mumutsara. Mushure menguva iyi, huni huchaparadzwa zvachose ne mycelium.

Iko kutonhora kwemakoloni kukura zvikuru. Kubva pane rimwe tsvina inokwanisika kuunganidza marita akawanda emashizha aya anokosha. Mabhoti ediki ane bonnet isina kuvharwa anounganidzwa pamwechete nejumbo. Muchiwa mushonga, hove chete dzinotemwa. Makumbo avo haafaniri kudya.

Kune zvakawanda mapeji ekugadzirira kwei fungi. Huchi mushroom inogona kubikwa, yakasungwa, yakaomeswa uye ine munyu, uye yakabikwa. Paunenge uchisarudza howa, haufaniri kubvisa makumbo avo "kubva pamudzi" kubva mumatanda, kuitira kuti urege kukuvadza mycelium, iyo mugore rinotevera ichakufadza iwe nekukohwa kukuru.

Precautions

Zvisinei, kuenda kudondo, zvinokosha kuyeuka nekuchengetedza. Mushonga akawanda anodyiwa ane mapatya ane chepfu, saka hapana gore rinopfuura risina chepfu. Usati wasvika kumusango zvakakosha kudzidza zviratidzo kwete chete zvezvipenyu zvaunoronga kuunganidza, asiwo zvakafanana nazvo, izvo zviri nani kupotsa. Kana iwe usingazivi kuti iyi mushroom imwechete - inongodya chete, haufaniri kuisa pangozi utano hwako, zviri nani kuisiya musango!

Nhema dzezvokudya zvinodyiwa uye zvine uturu

Usateerera mazano e "mbuya" nezvekusiyanisa mushroom ane chepfu kubva pakudya. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vanhu vanotenda zvakasimba kuti mhuka dzine chepfu hadzidyi nemhuka dzesango kana misungo. Mukutaura kwemashoko aya, iwe unogona kuzviona iwe pachako - kunyange napanku inouraya kune vanhu vasina chinetso muupenyu hwavo vanodya slugs uye zvipembenene. Imwe "nzira isinganzwisisiki" yekuita nechokwadi chekusimba kwezvipo zvemasango - nekubika kwavo, kupisa pamwe navo hovha yesirivha (kana anonisi).

Vanotaura kuti kana vakasasviba, zvinoreva kuti pakati pefungi hapana mumwe ane chepfu. Ichokwadi, izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi. Sirivha inogona kusviba, somuenzaniso, kubva pamabhokisi, asi haingashanduki ruvara rwayo apo inopisa neaya imwechete yeaadstool. Iwe unogona kuzviongorora iwe pachako, asi zviri nani kuti urege kuedza zvakadaro. Uyewo kune vanhu ikoko kune nhema dzokuti mushwa unova uchetura kana dzichikura pedyo nesimbi yakaoma kana nyoka. Nhau dzakadaro dzinofanirwa kutarisirwa sezvenhau, dzinonakidza sevanhu vemaonero, asi kwete zvekukosha.

Ndinofanira kuziva here zviratidzo zvehupfu hunopisa?

Nenzira isina kufanira uye ine ngozi ndeyekutenda kwevamwe vanhu vane tariro vanofunga kuti mushonga unouraya hauna kuwanzana, saka usanetseka kuti uvatungamirire nemhando dzakasiyana. Kutaura zvazviri, mumasango edu unogona kuwana mhando dzinenge makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mashanu, uye zvinenge gumi pazviri zvinouraya kwatiri.

Zvechokwadi, izvi hazvirevi kuti kuitira kuti usadzivirire chepfu nehowa, dzinoda kutengwa chete muzvitoro zvezvitoro. Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino ndechekuratidza muverengi kukosha kwekuziva kwete zvisikwa zvinonaka uye zvinodyiwa, asiwo zviratidzo zvavanogona kusiyaniswa nemapatya ane chepfu.

Mushroom-kaviri zvekuongorora kwekuvhura

Zvimwe zvinoratidzika, zvisikwa zvinodyiwa zvinogona kufanana nechepfu. Uye kune mamwe maitiro akafanana akafanana. Pakati pevashandi vewa mushroom, vaviri vacho "yekuvhurwa kunowedzera kune ngozi inowanikwa" inozivikanwa. Zita rehama isingazivikanwi ipron inhema. Iri ndiro zita rinowanikwa kune marudzi akawanda, ayo ane zvimwe zvakafanana nekwindoro yekutsvaira. Iyi fungi ndeyemudzimai Githoloma uye Psalitrella. Mamwe acho anoonekwa seasingaoneki, mamwe acho ane chepfu. Pane imwe nguva yekutaurirana kwemhando dzakasiyana kusvikira ikozvino, kana zvichibvira kuifunga kuti zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu-zvinodyiwa ndizvo. Asi uchapupu hwakajeka hwokuti munhu anovadya nekuda kwekudya haazozvikuvadzi, kwete. Nokudaro, zviri nani kuti urege kuzviisa pangozi uye uzvigadzirire kuunganidza chete mafum autalnal furs. Uyezve, kune zvakawanda zvavo musango panguva iyi.

Ndezvipi zvisingabviri uye zvinyanyisa zvinokura?

Zvombo zvemanyepo zvinokura munzvimbo dzakafanana sezvokudya - pamapumps, mhepo yemhepo uye miti inogara mhuka, saka mutangiri wewa mushroom anotanga anogona kuita kukanganisa. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mapoka ezviko anounganidza zvipo unogona kudya, unoda kuziva zviratidzo zvehowa dzinodyiwa pamwe nevamwe vavo vane ngozi.

Kusiyanisa pakati pekufungidzira kwenhema uye kuenzanisa kwekupedzisira

Dhiyabhorosi ine ngozi inogona kusiyaniswa nyore nyore kubva kune hama dzayo dzinodyiwa.

Chinhu chokutanga iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kune muvara wehuti. Dhainabis inodyiwa ine ruvara rwakabva kune bheji kusvika kune yerima-rima. Uye mahombwe akare anowanzosviba kupfuura vechidiki mushwa. Zvikamu zvehosi, dzakapfigwa kubva kune zuva, kazhinji zvinowedzera kujekesa. Iyo yakaipisisa yakawirika yekuwa kwekuvhuvhu kazhinji ine ruvara rwakanyatsojeka, runyoro.

Chinhu chechipiri chinoparadzaniswa ndechekukakavadzana kwemakakatanwa. Zvokudya zvinenge zvakachena, saka pazvipfeko zvekare zvehowa iwe unogona kuona chivara chitsvuku. Iyi ndiyo nharo. Mutehta nerubatsiro rwavo. Chinhu chechitatu chinofanira kuongororwa ndiko kuvapo kwefilbert "skirt" pamakumbo echikwata. A nhema yekuvhara kwemavhiri haina. Ichi chiratidzo chiratidzo chakakosha zvikuru, chinofanirwa kubhadhara kune. "Yubochka" autumnal openca ndiyo yakasara yechifukidzo chekudzivirira chinoputira fungus duku. Datya rine ngozi ye autumnal autumn harina bhandi rakadaro.

Kusiyana kwechina, kunobatsira kusiyanisa zvakapetwa kaviri zvehutachiona kuwira kune ruvara rwemahwendefa mukati mewaini mushroom. Muzvisikwa zvisingaoneki, izvo zviri nani kusasangana nazvo, mahwendefa ari masikati, kana fungus achiri muduku, uye maruva-maorivhi mukare. Nokuda kwekuwa, kazhinji kamuki, bheji kana chiedza chine ruvara rwemahwendefa inoratidza.

Kusiyana kwechishanu ndekwepamusoro wewa mushroom cap. Muchikwata chave chakafukidzwa nezvidiki zvishoma. Uye ruvara rwavo runowanzosviba kupfuura hwayo pachayo. Asi yekare mushwa wezviyero yakarasika uye inove yakanyarara. Ichokwadi, uye kukosha kwehuwandu hwemakhowa akawandisa hahuna, saka havafariri mushroom pickers.

Chiratidzo chechitanhatu chichabatsira kusiyanisa mushroom unodyiwa ndehuhu hwaro. Opyat autumn inotora zvakanaka, uye kunhuhwira kwenhema kunopa mold.

Mhedziso

Zivo yezviratidzo izvi zvichange zvakakwana kuti zvikwanise kusiyanisa kuvhara kwekupera. Photo fungus ichakubatsira kuti urege kukanganisa. Asi zvakanyanya kutora kutora connoisseur ane ruzivo newe, ndiani achakuratidza kuti mavharo emushonga anotarisa sei. Mushure mekunge mavaona nemeso enyu, zvingava zvakaoma kuti muvhiringidze ivo nedzimwewo. Asi mukadzi wekare ane erudition, saka usakanganwa mutemo mukuru wevanokanya mushroom: "Handizivi - musazvitora."