Pasi alkaline simbi: tsanangudzo pfupi

pasi alkaline simbi dziri zvinhu kuti muri boka periodic table wechipiri. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai calcium, magnesium, barium, beryllium, strontium, uye Radium. Zita boka iri zvinoratidza kuti abudise chinhu alkaline maitiro mumvura.

pasi Alkali uye alkaline nesimbi, kana panzvimbo dzavo munyu, zvakapararira zvakasikwa. Vari vanomiririrwa zvicherwa. Kunze ndiko Radium, izvo vaiona isingawanzowanikwi maatomu akafanana.

Zvose pamusoro nesimbi vane zvimwe unhu kubvumira chokubatanidza muvira rimwe boka.

pasi alkaline nesimbi uye zvavo panyama zvivako

Vanenge vose zvinhu izvi nezvishoma grayish ruvara (kanenge pasi kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu uye tembiricha ambient). Sezvineiwo, ehupfumi muviri alkali simbi dziri siyanei - zvinhu izvi kunyange zvikuru nemishonga, asi zviri nyore pachena.

Sezvineiwo, pamwe kutevedzana nhamba iri tafura inokura uye muzvinhu zvikuru zvinoriumba simbi sezvo arambe achirema. Somuenzaniso, mune boka iri rine yakadereresa indekisi calcium, apo Radium arambe achirema rakafanana simbi.

pasi alkaline simbi: Chemical Properties

Nokuti kutanga zvinokosha kuziva kuti makemikari basa kunowedzera maererano Serial nhamba periodic table. Somuenzaniso, beryllium iwayo nemishonga maatomu akafanana. In zvakaitwa pamwe okisijeni uye halogens anouya chete simba kudziyisa. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune magnesium. Asi karusiyamu anogona oxidize zvishoma nezvishoma kunyange nzvimbo tembiricha. The yasara nhatu mumiririri boka (Radium, barium, uye strontium) nokukurumidza sei pamwe neoxygen iri mumhepo kunyange nzvimbo tembiricha. Ndokusaka yokuchengetera zvinhu izvi, akafukidza paiva reparafini.

Chekuita oxides uye hydroxides ava nesimbi kunowedzera saizvozvo. Somuenzaniso, beryllium hydroxide hakusi soluble mumvura uye anonzi ane amphoteric fuma, uye barium hydroxide munhu nokuita simba alkali.

pasi alkaline nesimbi uye dzavo unhu pfupi

Beryllium chinhu simbi nemishonga chiedza pfumbu ruvara, kuva mukuru toxicity. First chaikosha akanga dzakaonekwa muna 1798 neboka kemisiti Vauquelin. Zvakasikwa, pane zvakawanda beryllium zvicherwa, iyo vazhinji vakakurumbira zvinotevera: sebheriri, Phenacite, danalite uye chrysoberyl. Sezvineiwo, mamwe isotopes ose beryllium vane yakakwirira radioactivity.

Zvinofadza kuti mamwe marudzi nebheriri tinokosha kwezvishongo matombo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira samaragidhino, Tria Rose uye heliodor.

Beryllium inoshandiswa kugadzira zvimwe alloys propellant. In renyukireya simba indasitiri , maatomu akafanana izvi inoshandiswa kuderedza neutrons.

Karusiyamu ndechimwe chezvinhu akakurumbira panyika alkaline simbi. In yakaisvonaka fomu iri nyoro zvinhu ine silvery chena ruvara tint. The karusiyamu wakachena rokutanga rave dzinounzwa muna 1808. Zvakasikwa, maatomu akafanana izvi aripo muchimiro zvicherwa akadai machena, reraimu uye gypsum. Karusiyamu zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa michina ano. Rinoshandiswa sezvo makemikari mafuta tsime, uyewo moto nemishonga zvinhu. Hazvina chakavanzika kuti karusiyamu mukomboni zvaishandiswa zvaAtemisi zvokuvakisa uye mishonga.

chaikosha ichi chiri zviri zvipenyu muviri. Zvikurukuru, zviri kukonzera zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hurongwa.

Magnesium chinhu lightweight uye zvakakwana nyore kufurirwa simbi ine maitiro greyish ruvara. In yayo yakaisvonaka chimiro zvakanzi voga muna 1808, asi munyu ayo pakuzivikanwa zvikuru adarika. In dzinongoitika ezvinhu, magnesium zvirimowo mu zvicherwa akadai magnesite, dolomite, carnallite, kieserite. Sezvineiwo, mashoko magnesium munyu rinopa mvura pokuoma. A guru chitsama yeimwe yamarudzi ichi chinogona kuwanikwa yomugungwa.