Philosophy yezana remakore rechi20.

Muchikamu chechipiri chezana remakore rechi19, pakanga paine kubuda zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kune zvekare uye kushanduka kwakanyatsojeka kune zvisiri zvemafilosofi, nguva yekuchinja maitiro nemitemo yekufunga kwefilosofi yakatanga. Huzivo hwemazana emakore makumi maviri akaratidza chiitiko chechimiro sechimiro chetsika dzose kana stylistics dzekufunga, izvo zvinoratidzika makore anenge mazana matatu ekuvandudzika kweMafungiro ekuMadokero. Panguva ino, chimiro chekufunga chechikoro chechikoro chakanyatsogadziriswa nemafungiro ezvakagadzirwa zvezvinhu uye zvakanzwisiswa muchirevo chezivo. Vashandi veklassical sasa vaifunga kuti chikonzero ndicho chikuru uye chinonyanya kushandiswa chekushandura muupenyu hwemunhu. Izvo masimba anoita kuti tikwanise kutarisira mhinduro yezvinetso zvinokosha zvevanhu zvakaparidzirwa ruzivo rwakadaro uye ruzivo ruzivo.

Muzana remakore rechi20. Pamusana pehuwandu hwehupfumi hwehupfumi hwevanhu, hwakadai sekufambira mberi mune ruzivo rwezvesayenzi uye kubudirira kwekombiki, boka rekupikisa rave risinganyanyi kurwisana kupfuura raive muzana remakore rechi19. Nyanzvi dzekuMadokero dzeEurope dzezana remakore rechi20 dzakaponesa kuwedzera kwesayenzi yemasayenzi yezvakasikwa, izvo zvakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvenyama uye maitiro zvakagadziriswa zvakawana kusagadzikana mune mibvunzo yekutsanangura kuchinja kwakaitika mune sayenzi uye munzanga. Mune zvikoro zvefilosofi zvezana remakore rechi20, kupikisana pakati pezvinangwa uye mafungiro ezvokunyama hazvisati zvagara munzvimbo yepamusoro yepamusoro, ichipa nzira itsva.

Huzivo hwemazana ezana remakumi maviri nemaviri rwakatangwa, kutanga kune dzose, nekuti zvivakwa zvekare zvekare hazvina kugutsikana vamiririri vakawanda vemafungiro efilosofi mukuona kwekuti vakarasa pfungwa yevanhu saizvozvo. Izvo zvakasiyana uye zvakajeka zvekuzviisa pasi kunoonekwa kwevanhu, sekufunga kwevamwe vafungidzi venguva iyoyo, havagoni "kunzwisisa" nzira dze sayenzi. Kusiyana nekufungidzira, vazivi vakazotanga kusimbisa unyanzvi hwenyika, umo hupenyu uye hupenyu hwevanhu hwaiva chinhu chaicho chikuru.

Western philosophy yezana ramakore rechi20 rakabvunza chido chechiGiriki chekuongorora sangano sechinangwa chinopindirana nezvinhu zvakasikwa. Izana remakore rechi20 rakapfuura pasi pemabhanhire e "anthropological boom" yakaitika mufilosofi. Unhu hwekuzivikanwa kwemazuva, mufananidzo wezvakadanwa sehutano hwechokwadi hunobatanidza zvakananga nemafungiro akadaro se "intersubjectivity." Sezvo vazivi venguva iyoyo vaitenda, izvi zvinotungamirirwa zvakakonzera kukunda kupatsanurana uku muchidzidzo uye chinhu chakange chiri chakanaka chekushamwaridzana kwevanhu. Intersubjective mafungiro efilosofi aibva pane pfungwa yehumwe rudzi rwechokwadi chaihwo runokura muhukama hwevanhu.

Nzira dzakagadzirwa uye dzakashandiswa uzivi hwezana ramakore rechi20 dzakaoma kunzwisisa uye dzakanyatsogadziriswa, zvichienzaniswa neklasi yefilosofi yezana remakore rechi19. Kunyanya, izvi zvakazviratidza pabasa rinowedzera refilosofi pamhando uye maitiro evanhu (chimiro-chimiro chekufananidzira, zvinoreva, magwaro). Philosophy yezana remakore rechi20 rinoratidzwawo nemhando yakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvaro uye zvikoro. Zvose zvitsva, izvo zvisati zvichinyatsozivikanwa, zvakapinda mumugumo wefilosofi uye yesayenzi muzana remakore rechi20.

Nekutanga kwemazuva matsva, inzwi uye huwandu hwemafiropiyo emabasa zvakachinjwa, vakarasikirwa netariro iyo yakasimba iyo inofananidzwa nefilosofi yefilosofi. Philosophy yezana ramakumi maviri nemakumi maviri rakauya zvikuru pakusikwa chigadziro chose chitsva chekuona nyika, ukuru hwepasi-uye nyika-maonero, munhu, izvo zvakabatana zvakananga nekuwedzera kudiwa mumutauro mutsva wakakura.