Agnosticism muzivi

Kuziva hachisi chinhu chinongoratidzira chinangwa chechiitiko chepfungwa mumunhu. Mukufamba kweizvi, zviitiko zvitsva zvekuve zviri pachena, zviratidzo nezvimwe zvinhu zvepasi rakapoteredza, chimiro chezvinhu nezvimwe zvakawanda zviri kuongororwa. Zvakakoshawo kuti munhu ane kodzero yekuzviziva pachake. Sayenzi yezivo ipfungwa yepistemology.

Mune mafilosofi, pane maonero maviri maonero makuru pamusoro pemutambo wose wekucherechedza:
- agnosticism;
- Gnosticism.
Sezvo mutemo, vatsigiri veGnosticism venyama. Vanotarisa ruzivo rwakanyanya chaizvo. Maonero avo - munhu anotanga kupiwa mikana yezivo, iyo isingagumi, nyika inozivikanwa, uye chechokwadi chezvinhu zvose chichawanikwa munguva pfupi kana kupfuura. Agnosticism muzivi ndeyekupesana kwakakwana.

Agnostics inowanzofungidzira. Havatendi kana kuti nyika inozivikanwa kana kuti munhu anokwanisa kuzviziva. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kungonzwisisa kwepasi chete kunobvumirwa.

Agnosticism muzivi

Agnostics anosimbisa kuti hazvibviri kutaura zvakanaka kana kune vanamwari. Mune maonero avo, mukana wekuti Mwari aripo zvakakwana zvakaenzana nechokwadi chokuti hakuna Mwari. Zvimwe zvirongwa zvinowedzera kune izvi zvinotarisirwa zvakakwana kunyanya kusagutsikana.
Agnosticism muzivi ndeyekucherechedza mukuti vateveri varo vanowanzoverengwa sevasati vatendi kana, zvisinei, vasingatendi. Izvi hazvisi zvakakwana zvachose, sezvo kune akawanda agnostic theist. Vanozvizivisa ivo sevasnostics, uyewo sevateveri veimwe chitendero.

Agnostics anovimbisa kuti pfungwa dzevanhu hazvikwanise kunzwisisa mitemo yezvakasikwa, uyewo kucherechedza zviratidzo zvehupo hwaMwari, nokuti pane izvi chimwe chinhu chinodikanwa, kwete pane zvese munhu anezvo. Kana Mwari aripo, akaita zvose kuitira kuti munhuwo zvake aisagona kungonzwisisa, asi kunyange uchinzwa.

Agnosticism mufilosofi: madzinza

Kune dzakawanda zviduku zvakadai:
- Kushaya simba kwechigumbuso. Iyo inonziwo inonyorera, yakasimba, yenguva duku, yakazaruka, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Chinokosha ndechokuti pamwe vanamwari variko, asi hazvibviri kuziva;
- Wakasimba agnosticism. Uyewo inonzi yakasimbiswa, yakakwana, yakasimba kana yakasimba. Chinokosha ndechekuti kuvapo kana kusavapo kwaMwari hakugoni kuratidzika nokuti munhu haagoni kutenda zvizere mune chimwe chezvizvi;
- kusava nehanya negnosticism. Zvitendero zvinobva pakuziva kuti hakuna humwe uchapupu hwokuti Mwari ariko, asiwo uchapupu hwokuti hahupo;
- kusaziva. Vamiririri vake vanoti vasati vabvunza mibvunzo pamusoro pehupo hwaMwari, zvakakosha kupa tsanangudzo yakakwana yezwi rokuti "Mwari."
Iko kunewo muenzaniso wakanaka waMwari, agnostic atheism uye agnostic theism.

Kant's agnosticism

Iyi nyaya yakadzidzwa nevakawanda. Vamiririri veAgnosticism vakasiyana, asi kutanga uye kunyanya kunonyanya kusiyanisa Johann Kant, uyo anoisa pfungwa yakajeka yeiyo mafirosofi. Chinokosha chinotevera:
- unyanzvi hwemunhu hwakawanda kwazvo kuburikidza nehupenyu hwake hwepanyama (mashoma ekuziva kugona kwepfungwa dzevanhu);
- cognition haisi chinhu chinopfuura basa rakasununguka refungwa yakanaka;
- Nyika isingazivikanwi pachayo. Munhu anokwanisa kuziva bedzi rutivi rwekunze rwezvinhu uye zviitiko, asi rutivi rwomukati ruchagara risiri ruzivo kwaari;
- ruzivo urongwa huri munyaya yezvidzidzo zvidzidzo pachayo. Zvose izvi zvinobvira nekubatsirwa kwekuratidzwa kwayo.

Mukuwedzera kune Kant, mafilosofi, Robert J. Ingersoll, Thomas Henry Huxley naBertrand Russell, vakagadzira pfuma yakawanda mukunyanyisa kwezvinyorwa.