Rugare Augsburg muna 1555

The Peace akakurumbira pamusoro Augsburg akanga yakasainwa pashure pacho akatanga kuparadzira dzidziso itsva yechiKristu Europe. The Hurongwa, ndakagadza muna 1555, akapedza 60 makore, kusvikira pakutanga ari matatu 'War.

kutendeuka

Muna 1517 muguta wokuGermany Wittenberg aiva chiitiko chinokosha. Monk of Order avgustiniantsev Martin Luther Posted on pamusuo yomunzvimbo chechi pepa 95 zvichemo. Mavari, iye vakapomera kuti nezvaiva yeRoma Katurike. Nguva pfupi izvi zvisati, mukana kutenga dzezvivi (kuregererwa kwezvivi) mari.

Corruption uye kubva misimboti yevhangeri kutaurirwa kurwadzisa kuti mukurumbira wenyika Catholic Church. Martin Luther aiva muvambi Reformation - muitiro kutamburira kuchinja echiKristu nyika. Ake vateveri akazozivikanwa Mapurotesitenzi kana vaLutheran (Uyu rakatetepa izwi, tisingaverengi Lutherans pakati VaPurotesitendi, somuenzaniso, vaivawo Calvin).

Mamiriro ezvinhu Germany

Kuchinja waiva muzinda Germany. nyika iyi yakanga isiri kusaroora. Ndima yayo yakakamurwa pakati machinda akawanda vakanga omurume mambo Mutsvene hweRoma. Simba mambo guru ichi kumbova monolithic. Kazhinji Machinda yakazvimirira mumhuri negwaro.

Vazhinji vavo vakatsigira Reformation uye vakava nevaPurotesitendi. Sangano idzva vakava akakurumbira pakati vanhuwo muGermany - Vanhu vomuguta uye vanhuwo zvavo. Izvi zvakaita kuti kunetsana naye kuRoma, uye pakupedzisira aine Imperial simba (madzimambo aiva muKaturike). Muna 1546-1547 gg. Zvaindidya schmalkaldic hondo. It wakaparadza nyika uye vakaratidza inefficiency yekare. Pane kudiwa kuwana nekuyanana pakati rinopikisa kumapati.

Long rokutanga hurukuro

mapato asati akasaina Rugare Augsburg, izvozvo zvaida Nhaurirano, izvo zvayakapfuura zvishoma kwemakore akawanda. Kubudirira kwavo chokutanga ndechokuti pakati machinda uye electors ndivo akabvuma kuva vanozoshanda pakati pevaKaturike nevaPurotesitendi. Emperor Mutsvene hweRoma Karl V Gabsburg panguva ino vakakakavadzana raPapa, izvo zvakaita zvakatowanda mikana chokubudirira vachida.

Rugare Augsburg rakaitwa zvichibvira uyewo nokuti zvinodiwa vaKaturike vakatanga kumiririra mambo German Ferdinand I. Zita iri dzinongoita vaiona chakarongwa, asi akatakura mukoma yamambo, Charles, uyo akanga rwake rworudyi-ruoko murume. Musoro Mapurotesitenzi ari Nhaurirano kwakaitwa Elector Morits Saksonsky.

Ndisina Machinda simbi vatongi uye mumwe uye rimwe bazi Christian. Pakati pavo paiva machinda Bavaria, mushori, wokuMainz (yeRoma), uye Württemberg uye Palatinate (vaLutheran). Pamberi huru hurukuro, iyo yakasainwa Rugare Augsburg, uyewo paiva musangano wavabati Washington, Saxony uye Brandenburg. It zvakabvumiranwa chinzvimbo, uko kufanorongwa mambo. Panguva iyoyowo Charles V, akaramba kubatanidzwa mune Nhaurirano. Aisada kuti tobvuma kuti vaPurotesitendi uye paaishorwa kumachinda. Naizvozvo, mambo akapa masimba ake kuti mukoma wake Ferdinand. Panguva ino, Carl akanga ake Spanish nepfuma (the Habsburgs aidzora yakakura nzvimbo Europe yose).

The musangano Reichstag

Pakupedzisira, 5 February 1555 Augsburg vaipinda ari Reichstag of Empire, apo vakasangana ose mapato uye mapato kuti mukakavadzane. Ferdinand Ndakanga sachigaro pake. Hurukuro dzakaitwa dzakawanda curiae mu zvakafanana. Pakati pachavo voga akabvuma electors vakasununguka guta uye vatongi. Pakupedzisira, muna September, Rugare Augsburg wacho wakasainwa Ferdinand pamusoro ezvinhu umo vazhinji Mapurotesitenzi zvichemo. Izvi hazvina kufadza Emperor Charles. Asi nekuti aisagona kuvhiringidza muitiro kwete kutanga hondo,, akasarudza kupa kwamazuva mashoma asati kusaina chesungano. Mhedziso Augsburg nyika wakaitwa September 25, 1555.

Terms uye kukosha Augsburg World

Mwedzi mishomanana nhume vakatenderana mamiriro ezvinhu chinyatsotsanangurwa ari gwaro. Rugare Augsburg riri basa kuti Lutheranism pamutemo chinzvimbo muumambo hwacho. Zvisinei, Pfungwa iyi zvakakomba ndishushikane.

Inosimbisa musimboti rusununguko rwokunamata. Pachirehwa anonzi paakaenda mamiriro, raisanganisira ropafadzo nhengo vanhu: machinda, asi Electors, Imperial Knights uye navagere mumaguta vakasununguka. Zvisinei, rusununguko rwokunamata haana kukanganisa Feudatories vagari uye pfuma yavo. Saka, muna Empire iye nesimba nheyo "vane nyika, uye nokutenda." Kana muchinda aida kuenda Lutheranism, aigona kuzviita, asi zvakanga zvisingaiti Somuenzaniso, vanhuwo zvavo vaigara panyika yake. Zvisinei, Rugare Augsburg akabvumira vasingagutsikani mutongi sarudzo kuti tama kune dzimwe kumatunhu umambo, apo musoro kudavira hwakagadzwa.

Panguva iyoyowo, vaKaturike makaita zvichemo pamusoro chikamu vaLutheran. Mhedziso Augsburg nyika kwakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti abbots nemabhishopu avo vakasarudza kuenda kuchiPurotesitendi, kunyimwa simba rayo. Saka vaKaturike vakakwanisa kuramba dzose chechi basa navo risati musangano Reichstag.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kukosha Augsburg nyika yakanga kwazvo. Nokuti Kokutanga rehondo mapato akakwanisa kutsunga mukakavadzane kuburikidza nhaurirano, kwete hondo. Uyewo akati abatwa enyika mapoka Hutsvene hweRoma.