Rwizi rwePpypyat: mitsva, tsanangudzo uye nzvimbo pane mepu. Ndepapi Rwizi rwePerpyat rwuri kupi uye runoputika kupi?

Rwizi rwePpypyat ndiro iro guru uye rinokosha kupfuura rimwe rose reDnieper. Kureba kwayo ndiko makiromita 775. Mvura inoyerera inoyerera kuburikidza neUkraine (Kiev, Volyn uye Rivne nzvimbo) uye Belarus (Gomel neBrest zvikamu). Nharaunda yacho inopfuura 114 000 square kilometer. Pripyat inotangira pakati pemisha yeHorny Smolyars uye Budniki paVolyn Upland. Munharaunda yepamusoro yeRwizi, mupata waro unenge uchitaura zvisingatauri, mumumucheto unosvika unenge wakaoma. Uhu hwakawanda hwemvura inoputika mumatunhu ekumusoro haupfuuri makiromita mana, muzasi inosvika kusvika kusvika 15. Nharaunda yerwizi iri 0.08 mamita pamakiromita. Muchikamu chepamusoro, chiteshi chePpypyat chakafanana negwenga, pasi apa chinenge chichigadzirisa. Pakati pepamusoro pane kune varume vakawanda vakwegura uye meander, rwizi rine nzira dzakawanda uye zvitsuwa zviduku. Iyo yakawandisa yemvura inoyerera pane zvinyorwa haisviki mamita makumi mana, paIngara yeKiev, apo Rwizi rwePpypyat runofamba, kusvika makiromita mashanu.

Upenyu hworwizi

Rwizi rwePypyat rune mvura yakavhenganiswa, kunyanya kubva kuchando kunyauka. Hurumende yaro inoratidzwa nemafashamo akareba munguva yegore. Inotanga pakutanga kweKvondo, uye mumakore akaoma - pakati peApril. Mafashamo anogona kupera kusvika kumwedzi 3.5. Icho chinoperekedzwa nehuwandu hwemazana. Panguva ino iri kumusoro, mvura inogona kumuka nemamita maviri, pakati-ne3,5, uye muzasi-kusvika kusvika mamita manomwe. Mvura yakadzika yechando inogara kwenguva pfupi, sezvo inogara ichivhiringidzwa nemvura zhinji. Kuraira kunenge gore rimwe nerimwe kunoratidzwa nekukwira kukuru mumvura. Gore roga roga runomira 14.5 cubic kilometer. Pakati peizvi, kune nguva yegore, kusvika kune 65%. Kuchengetedza Pripyat chete kusvika pakati peDecember. Muhombekombe yerwizi kune maruva akawanda anoona ruvara rwemvura murwizi.

Nzvimbo yemvura inoyerera

Rwizi rwePpypyat pamapu inotanga muRibuboml munharaunda yeVolyn region yeUkraine, iyo inosvika 204 km inoyerera. Zvadaro mvura inoyerera ichiyambuka muganhu weBelrusrus uye inotevera pasi pePolesie 500 km. Nzira yake iri pakati peMapata. Pano mumupata wacho unonyatsoratidzwa, mabhangi akazununguka. Rwizi runowanzoputsika kusvika mumasaga. Pakutanga kwezvitsuwa, pasi inogara isina kugadzikana, sandy, nhamba yemvura inopfuura inowedzera pakupedzisira. Masara makiromita makumi mashanu ePpypyat anoyerera zvakare muUkraine, iyo inopedzisa rwendo rwayo muIya Kiev gungwa, zvishoma kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweChernobyl. Rwizi rwakabatanidzwa nemitsara pamwe neMuvvets (kubata kweWestern Bug) uye Shchara (mutongi weNeman). Rwizi rwePpypyat runyoro. Iyo inoratidzika nemvura yakadzika - kusvika 15%.

Matambudziko, misha, makungwa nemigero yePpypyat

Rwizi rwePpypyat rine zvakawanda zvekunze, asi zvakakosha ndezviPtich, Styra naGoryn. Iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo yakawanda mvura inoyerera (kunze kwekuyerera). Denieper-Bug Canal inozobatanidza Pripyat neBurg, nokudaro inogadzira nzira yeEurope. Kana Kuti Gungwa Dzvuku neGungwa reBaltic. Nzira yeDnieper-Neman inoita kuti rwizi ruve rutivi rwemugwagwa kubva kuUkraine kuenda kuLatvia - kusvika kuGavana Kaunas. Kune dzimwe nzira dzisiri dzepasi "zviduku". Nokuti nzvimbo yePolesie yakadzika inoratidzirwa nehukuru. Chengetani yakarurama yePpypyat inopfuura marita 2,5 zviuru. Chikuru pane rwizi nderimwe maguta maviri eBelarusian - Mozyr uye Pinsk. Iyi mizinda mbiri yakakurumbira yeUkraine ndiyo "maguta akafa" aPpypyat naChernobyl.

Chernobyl

Panharaunda yeChernobyl Exclusion Zone, Pripyat ndiro guru remuviri wemvura. Rwizi runopoteredza nzvimbo kubva kumabvazuva ndokubva ruchiyerera kupinda muKiev reservoir. Pachinzvimbo munharaunda yomugwagwa, mubhedha wakashandurwa zvakagadziriswa. Nhasi iyi inharaunda makiromita gumi nemana. Pari iyo kufamba kunotanga. Bhedhi rekugadzirira rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kuti Pripyat yakapfuura dziva rinotonhorera rekugadzira simba remagetsi. Iye zvino maviri emvura maviri akaparadzaniswa nedhamu uye ari kure nemamita 300. Nharaunda ine yakadzika kusvika mamita 4 uye yakafara kusvika mamita 160. Pripyat inobata basa rinoshamisa mukubviswa kwema radionuclides kunze kwenzvimbo isina kubviswa. Tsvakurudzo yemasayendisiti akaratidza, kuti, kusiyana nemamwe nzira (dzakadai semhepo, biogenic, technogenic), mvura inotora urongwa hwezvinhu zvinokuvadza. Rwizi rwaPpypyat rwakasara runopfuurira kuburikidza nenharaunda isina kubviswa, iyo mufananidzo unoratidza mabhangi ayo ane ngarava. Mvura inoyerera inotakura marononi mumvura yeKiev. Pripyat (rwizi) muBelarus haina kusvibiswa nezvinhu zvinokuvadza.

Kukosha kwehupfumi hwaPpypyat

Mvura ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kune chero nyika. Pripyat inopa anenge 35% nokuda kwezvinodiwa zvehupfumi hwepasi rose: maindasitiri emabhizimisi, nyika dzekurima, nekuda kwekunwa kwekudhakwa uye kutakura. Chete nokuda kwezvaidiwa nomunhu mumwe chete pazuva zvinotarirwa kusvika pa550 litita. Asi mitumbi yemvura, kusanganisira Pripyat, iri kuderera, uye hurumende yehurumende yeBelarus inosangana nechinetso chakaoma zvikuru chekudzivirira mvura yemvura yenyika. Purogiramu yakazara iri kuve yakagadzirwa, iyo inofunga kwete kungochengeta chete, asiwo kucheneswa kwezvivako, kudzivirira kwavo. Panharaunda yeBelarus, nhamba yakakura yematoro inotakurwa pamwe chete neP Pripyat, kunyanya parutivi rwenzira iyo Dnieper-Bug Canal iripo.

Nzvimbo yeParpyat

Panharaunda yezvikamu zvina zveBelarus muna 1999 nyika yakasiyana yeRepublican landscape "Middle Pripyat" yakasikwa. Chinangwa chesangano rake ndechekuchengetedza zvisikwa zverwizi rwizi. Vashandi vekuchengetedzwa vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza kwezvisikwa zvipenyu uye zvisingabviri zvezvirimwa nemhuka. Iyo yakachengetwa inopfuura 90 000 square kilometer. Kana kare kare kutsanangurwa kweRwizi rwaPpypyat kwakarondedzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvegungwa, saka mumakumi emakore achangopfuura kwakave nekuderera. Iye zvino zvishoma nezvishoma zvakadzorerwa. Ihosi chete panguva yekufamba kwavo pano inomira kusvika kune vanhu zviuru makumi mashanu gore negore. Panharaunda ye "Middle Pripyat" 72 mbeu dzezvirimwa dzakanyoreswa, makumi maviri nemaviri dziri pangozi. Mhuka dzinomiririrwa nemarudzi makumi matatu nemakumi matatu ezvipfuwo, 182 - shiri, 10 - amphibians, 6 - zvinokambaira. Pakati idzi, marudzi makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu anotyisidzirwa nekuparara.

Kubata muPerpyat

MuPpypyat, kusvika kune nzvimbo isina kubviswa, pane 37 marudzi ehove. Vari kubata murwizi gore rose. Kushamba kwezhizha kunotanga pakupera kwaApril kana kutanga kwaMay. Pike, asp, peach, roach, bream, Chekhon, chika, carp, catfish, pike perch, bream uye roach zvakabatwa zvakanaka pano. Muna June, vabati vehove vanotsiva kwenguva refu. Somuenzaniso, pedo nemusha weKonkovichi dzose koukans dzakasungirirwa nemapikes. Vanopa vabati vanobatanidza vatambi kwose kwose uye nguva dzose. Imwe hove inofanira kubatwa maererano nehurongwa hwezuva. Rimwe dambudziko ndere zvinhu zvakawanda zvinotyisa. Nenguva yaSeptember, iyo pike inoruma chaizvoizvo pakutanga yekukanda. Asi iyo hove yakabudirira zvikuru pakuwa iri kutsika. Panguva ino rwizi runyararo kwazvo: hove haigoni kurova, shiri hadziri kuimba. Iwe unogona kubata chero zvese: maggots, poppers, wobblers, turntables. Munguva yechando, vabati vehove vazhinji vanotokwe nharaunda yeNorovli. Asi pane gadziriro, uye pamusoro pechando unoda kuenda kumvura.

Tourism

Kune vashanyi vazhinji vari pedyo nerwizi uye pamwechete naPerpyat muzhizha. Ndiani anofamba netsoka, achifunga kunaka kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye zvitsva zvekugara, uye ndiani anokwira pamakumbo kana kayaks. Kune dzimwe nzira dzakagadziriswa nemasangano ekufambisa, asi iwe unogona kufamba rwendo iwe pachako. Kutamba kwemvura kunobatsira kubva munaJune kusvika munaSeptember. Kureba kwemigwagwa inowanikwa pamakiromita zana. Kutanga kwemugwagwa uri pedo neguta reP Pinsk. Zvitsva zvinowanikwa pedyo nemhenderekedzo yerwizi ndezvokuchengetedza uye zviwanikwa. Pakupedzisira kwemugwagwa unogona kudada guta rekare reByelorussia Mozyr, iro rakazotanga kutaurwa munhoroondo dzezana remakore rechi16. River cruises munharaunda yeBelarus inotanga kuPerpyat.