Rwokuzvarwa chindingindingi

Akadana chindingindingi emakambani, izvo kugara chaiyo musika hune chinzvimbo. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kubatsirwa nokuda kudzivisa kumusika nemamwe vagadziri, uye kuti zvitungamirire mashoko kune vatengi.

Natural chindingindingi anotora musika chaiwo ezvinhu nokuda hunhu waro kugadzirwa. Izvi zvingava vanofanira kushandisa michina inodhura kwazvo, sole vaiva zviwanikwa, asina rwokugadzira uye simba nemiganhu. Chikuru nzvimbo kambani inonzi, kana zvinotora 65% of nenhumbi pamusika.

Kazhinji, munhu wechisikigo chindingindingi - zviri guru chaizvo zvebhizimisi ane dzakasimukira kwezvivako, izvo kusikazve wakaoma chaizvo uye uneconomical. Somuenzaniso, njanji, simba uye nokupisa, etc. nevhu rakawandisa Most inongova veruzhinji emakambani, izvo dzetsika dzemagariro kushanda upfumi munyika. For emakambani vakadaro, dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira chikumbaridzo kuti anofanira kukundwa kupinda indasitiri.

Mamiriro muRussia, umo kuvapo kwayo musika chindingindingi kunokutadzisa pave zvizere makwikwi, iyo inosvitsa zvinoderedza ekisipoti nemikana. In Soviet nguva apo murayiro mamiriro ezvoupfumi utariri upfumi yose ichokwadi ikozvino inorondedzera rokuti "rwokuzvarwa chindingindingi". Zvino kwakanga kusina makwikwi pfungwa, vakavhura misoro kuronga maitiro. Gosplan, State Committee neHurumende gadziriro akaisa zvose oparesheni parameters munyika Enterprises.

Natural chindingindingi zvakare aionekwa rinokosha mhando musika mamiriro kwenhumbi umo zvipingamupinyi kuti kupinda mune ake mamwe nyaya yakamutswa nenzira yakadaro kuti husingakuvadzi sezvisingakundiki.

A pachena chepfungwa mugovanisi chindingindingi yakanga kuti vakanga zvavakatemerwa "kubva kumusoro", apo ari capitalist nyika, vakatanga kubuda "vapasi" uye pamwe makwikwi (vakamedura aitungamirira boka chete michina yemhando yepamusoro uye simba michina chawo).

Legacy sotsepohi zvikuru ndakatsunga kuti pakuzadzisa mamiriro ezveupfumi munyika. mitemo Antimonopoly mu Russia yakanga muhurukuro ezvinhu chokuvapo akasimba hukuru mabhizimisi uye nascent pamusika ukama. Nhasi, zviri kure vakakwana uye inoda basa pahwaro zvavo kudzidzira pamutemo.

Natural nevhu rakawandisa vane simba nzvimbo muRussia. Kuti dzika kutsigira zviri pamusika zvivako uye zvebhizimisi gwara akasikwa neHurumende Committee iri Antimonopoly Policy. Muna 1999, anoritsanangura akasika MAP Hwakataura Ministry of Anti-chindingindingi Policy uye Chinotsigira Entrepreneurship. Zvisinei, padanho makwikwi Russia achiri hadzikwani. Zvikonzero ichi ndechokuti privatization haana kuita kuti chidzoke kubudirire varidzi, zvebhizimisi kugadzirisa asina kushandiswa zvakanaka, uye mabhizimisi madiki vachiri haana okurega munhu zvakakwana pamwero.

Natural chindingindingi hakufaniri kuva chigumburiso kukura vamwe vaizotibata siyana management (zvikurukuru - diki uye nomutoo mabhizimisi). Naizvozvo, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti Russia nhasi Panotoda zvakawanda zvakaoma antitrust anotarisira kutengesa, Auktionen, tenders nokuti zvokushandisa ehurumende zvinodiwa; kutora mukurwisa kuedza vepurovhinzi kudzivisa kufamba guru uye nenhumbi munyika; kushandisa mutemo hurumende kuwedzera yaibvira makwikwi; zvinopindirana mumutemo wenyika yacho Kishi nyika panyaya Anti-chindingindingi murau.