Sei Hamlet - mufananidzo husingaperi? Hamlet muna Shakespeare kuti nhamo

Sei Hamlet - mufananidzo husingaperi? Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda, uye panguva imwecheteyo, mumwe nomumwe kana pamwe, vari coherent uye rinopindirana kubatana, havagoni kupa mhinduro yakazara. Sei? Nekuti pasinei tinoedza, pasinei tsvakurudzo isina kuitwa, isu hatisi pasi "Ichi ndicho chakavanzika chikuru" - zvakavanzika Shakespeare kuti shasha, chakavanzika chokusika, kana chimwe basa, imwe nzira yokuva husingaperi nevamwe - anonyangarika, urwa kupinda chinhu, saka uye akabata mweya yedu. Asi, mufananidzo Hamlet inoita, ndizvo haunted ...

William Shakespeare, "Hamlet": nhoroondo yokusika

Usati kuenda zvinonakidza rwendo kupinda mweya Hamlet, yeuka pfupiso uye nhoroondo yakanyorwa njodzi huru. mabasa rangano pazvikanganiso chaizvo zviitiko zvinotsanangurwa Saxo Grammaticus mubhuku rake "History of vokuDenmark." Horvendil akapfuma mutongi Jutland, akanga vakaroorwa Geruthe, akanga ane mwanakomana uye hama Amleto Feng. Last godo upfumi hwake, ushingi uye nokubwinya, uye kamwe pamberi poruvanze vaibata utsinye munin'ina wake, uye akazoroora chirikadzi yake. Amlet kwete pasi gavhuna mutsva, uye, pasinei kuti, akasarudza kutsiva paari. Iye vainyepedzera kuva kupenga uye akamuuraya. Pashure pechinguvana Amleth Akaurayiwa nevamwe sekuru vake ... Tarisa - kufanana iri pachena!

Duration, kuisa chiito pacharo, uye zvose vechikamu ose paku- zviitiko - yakawanda kufanana Zvisinei, zvinetso nenjodzi naWilliam Shakespeare hakukodzeri kupinda pfungwa "kutsiva nhamo" uye hakungogumiri nayo. Sei? The ndechokuti vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro Shakespeare mutambo inotungamirirwa Hamlet, Muchinda Denmark, pachisikirwo zvakawanda uye akasiyana yekudyidzana kubva yose yeMiddle Ages magamba. Mumazuva iwayo kwakanga kusina kuitwa yakawanda mafungiro, pfungwa, uye zvakatonyanya kudaro, kubvunza kugamuchirwa mitemo uye tsika dzekare. Somuenzaniso, imwe ropa daka kwainzi kwete zvakaipa, asi rudzi kururamisira. Asi muna Hamlet tinoona akasiyana kududzirwa chinangwa kutsiva. Ndiro huru runoratidza ari kutamba, pokutangira zvose akasiyana uye zvinoshamisa, kuti pane vari nhamo, uye kuti hahubvi kwemazana emakore anoverengeka.

PFUPI kutamba gutsikana

Elsinore - hwakakura Castle wamadzimambo Danish. usiku ose, varindi usiku vakarinda dzangaradzimu, chii uye anoudza Horatio - shamwari Hamlet. Ndiwo mweya yose mukupera baba muchinda Danish. The "Awa akafa usiku," Iye akakuudza ake chakavanzika Hamlet mukuru - haana kufa semafiro, asi akanga nokunyengera anopondwa munin'ina wake Claudius, uyo akatora nzvimbo yake - choushe uye akaroora chirikadzi - Queen Gertrude. Dzisinganyaradziki mweya apondwa zvinodiwa kuti mwanakomana kutsiva, asi Hamlet, vakavhiringidzika uye akashamisika zvose akanzwa, hapana kukurumidza kuita: chii kana chipoko - yakanga baba vake, uye mutumwa muhero kwete? Aifanira nguva kuti asimbise chokwadi akamuudza zvakavanzika, uye iye anonyepedzera kuva achipenga. The rufu wamambo, uyo mumaziso Hamlet haana chete baba, asiwo yakanaka munhu, uye ipapo munhu anokurumidza, pasinei nokuchema, mai muchato uye sekuru, nyaya Ghost - ndiwo mheni yokutanga inoratidza nesovershentstva nyika, kusingagumi njodzi iyi. Pashure nyaya yake iri kukura nokukurumidza, uye pamwe pacho anoshandura zvinoshamisa uye protagonist pachake. Kwemwedzi miviri iye kushandurwa kubva nechido jaya iri hanya, kuora mwoyo, "murume akwegura." In ichi "B. akazivisa musoro Shakespeare, "Hamlet" Hamlet "hakuiti kugumisa ikoko.

Chivande uye kumutengesa

Kraudhiyo kunyumwa Hamlet kuti zvakawanda zvive. Kuti azive kuti zvechokwadi muzukuru kupenga izvozvo nokukurumidza, iye conspires pamwe zvizere, vakatendeka Jinda achangobva mambo. Ndivo uchizeza kushandisa vasingafungiri Ophelia, Hamlet rudo mubereko. Nechikonzero ichochi, kuimba yemauto uye akaita shamwari dzakatendeka wakare Prince - Rosencrantz uye Gildensten kuti havasi chaizvo wakatendeka, uye nokuzvidira dzinobvumirana kubatsira Claudia.

mousetrap

In Elsinore theatre kambani anosvika. Hamlet anonyengetedza kuti kuridza pamberi pamambo uye mambokadzi kutamba, rangano iyo chaiyo rinopa nyaya yacho Phantom. Panguva mharidzo anoona kutya uye nokuvhiringidzika mukutarisana Claudius, uye nechokwadi mhosva yake. Eya, utsotsi chakagadziriswa - inguva chiito. Asi Hamlet ndiye zvakare kwete mhanya. "Denmark - mujeri", "dislocated apo" zvakaipa uye kumutengesa vanozviwana kwete umhondi mambo mukoma wake, ndivo pose pose, zvino chakaipa mamiriro enyika. Nguva akanaka vanhu refu aenda. Against ichi nechekumashure, ropa daka anorasikirwa rayo yepakutanga zvinoreva, haizorambi chimiro "vapore" ruramisiro, nekuti chinhu, chokwadi, haachinji.

nzira yakaipa

Hamlet ari panguva yokuchinja: "Kuti muve kana kwete kuva? - ndiwo mubvunzo ". Chii kushandiswa kutsiva, zviri kusina chakunoreva. Asi kunyange pasina nechimbichimbi vatsiviwe zvakaipa vasingachakwanisi kurarama. Zviri chikwereti kukudzwa. yomukati kunetsana Hamlet kunoita kwete chete kune zvake kutambura, isingaperi kukakavadzana ake pamusoro pokusava nematuro kwoupenyu, pfungwa nezvokuzviuraya, asi, kufanana kufashaira mvura mumudziyo chisimbiso, vachingotaura uye kunoita nhamba yevanofa. Prince iri zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga anokonzera nokuurayiwa. Kunouraya Polonius, bugging kukurukurirana vake naamai vake, mistaking naye Claudius. Paaienda England, apo Hamlet kuurayiwa, paanochinja macho discrediting tsamba yake, uye pachinzvimbo kunge rakazvipira aurayiwe shamwari dzake - Rosencrantz uye Gildenster. In Elsinore akafa kupenga neshungu Ophelia. Laertes, munin'ina Ophelia kuti, anosarudza atsive baba vake uye hanzvadzi, uye anodana Hamlet dare kurwisana. Muromo munondo wake muchetura Claudius. Munguva pakurwa, Gertrude akafa vakaedza waini muchetura mukombe, zvakagadzirirwa chokwadi kuna Hamlet. Somugumisiro, akauraya Laertes, Kraudhiyo, uye Hamlet pachake anouraya ... Kubva zvino, Danish umambo pasi pokutonga Norwegian mambo Fortinbras.

The mufananidzo iri dambudziko Hamlet

Hamlet anozviratidza senguva apo Renaissance kunopera. Panguva iyoyo pane dzimwe, hapana zvishoma yakajeka "mifananidzo husingaperi" - Faust, Don Quixote, Don Juan. Saka chii chinoita youpenyu hurefu yavo? Chokutanga, havana zvakawanda uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Pose ambovavatisa guru kuchiva kuti kukanganiswa zvimwe zviitiko Vakarodza zvakapfuuridza dhigirii, uye mumwe unhu. Somuenzaniso, akanyanyisa Quixote chiri idealism. Hamlet ari kushandisa, tinogona kutaura wokupedzisira, zvakanyanyisa introspection, unotokonya chisingazivi kumumanikidza kuti nokukurumidza chisarudzo, kuita chiito, kwete kumanikidzwa kuti vachinje upenyu hwavo, asi nekusiyana - paralyzes. Kudivi rimwe, iro dizzying zviitiko kutevera mumwe, uye Hamlet vanoshandiswa ubatanidzwe kwavari, mukuru protagonist. Asi zviri kurudyi rimwe, ichi ndicho chiri pamusoro pemvura. Nokuno rumwe? - Akanga asiri "mukuru", haasi mukuru maneja ose chiito, rinongova "chidzoyi." Kunouraya Polonius, Laertes, Kraudhiyo anova chaikonzera rufu Ophelia, Gertrude, Rosencrantz uye Gildenstena, asi izvi zvose zvinoitika nokuda zvakafanorongwa, kubudikidza mutsaona, nokusaziva.

Renaissance Exodus

Zvisinei, zvakare haana kudaro nyore uye zvakananga. Hongu, muverengi anowana sokuti mufananidzo Hamlet muna Shakespeare kuti nhamo anoitwa kuzengurira, kungopeta maoko uye utera. Zvakare, ichi ndicho chete "muromo iceberg." Mukutonga kwegore risingapindiki Ukobvu mvura chakavigwa zvimwe - rakapinza pfungwa, inoshamisa kugona kuona nyika uye pachavo roga, chido nhubu, uye pakupedzisira, kuona chokwadi, zvisinei chii. Hamlet - gamba chaiye Renaissance, guru uye simba, achiisa pakutanga zvokunamata uye mutsika kuzvidzora kurimwa, anopemberera runako uye rusununguko risingagumi. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisiri mhosva yake kuti dzidziso yacho Renaissance mukupera padariro dambudziko rayo, kuzorwa yaakanga ane kurarama uye chiito. Anouya chokuti zvose izvo akatenda uye chii akararama - iyi ndiyo chete zviripo. Basa muchidimbu uye kuongororazve humanistic tsika ichichinja mwoyo, uye somugumisiro kunoguma norufu.

siyana Nzira

Kuramba musoro izvo zvinoyevedza mufananidzo, hunhu Hamlet. Saka chii pamudzi nedambudziko Hamlet, Muchinda Denmark? Panguva dzakasiyana mufananidzo Hamlet chaionekwa nokududzirwawo dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, Iogann Vilgelm Gete, munhu vaneshungu admire pamusoro netarenda Shakespeare, Hamlet kunzi akanaka, anokudzwa uye zvikuru mutsika, uye rufu rwake rinobva zvinoyerera raivaremedza zvinozoitika muupenyu, izvo aigona kana kutakura kana kukanda.

Rinozivikanwa nyanduri Chirungu, ST Koldridzh, anoita kuti tifunge wakakwana kushaya kuda muchinda. Zviitiko zvose kuitika nhamo, hapana mubvunzo, unofanira Vachauyawo kumboitika sefungu manzwiro, uye zvadaro ikawanda basa uye kusarudza pavari. Zvikasadaro, hazvaikwanisa kuva. Asi chii tinoona? Nyota kutsiva? Pakarepo kuurayiwa mimba? Hapana chakadai, nekusiyana - kusingaperi nechokwadi neyekusadzidza uye sakodzera zvichiratidza dzouzivi. Uye pano hakusi kushaya ushingi. Zviri chete chete chinhu iye anogona kuita.

Ko utera aitwa Hamlet uye VG Belinsky. Asi, maererano inozvikudza mabhuku mutsoropodzi, iye haasi ake chaivo unhu nani zvimiso, nokuda ezvinhu. Rinobva mupfungwa paradzanisa apo upenyu ezvinhu zvitungamirire chimwe chinhu, uye dzimwe dzidziso, tsika uye mano zvokunamata uye zvinogonekwa - zvikasadaro, chaiwo pakatarisana.

William Shakespeare, "Hamlet", mufananidzo Hamlet: mhedziso

Sezvaunogona kuona, vangani vanhu - saka pfungwa dzakawanda. Eternal mufananidzo Hamlet hazvishamisi chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Tinogona kutaura, unyanzvi hwose maberere dzinopesana Portraits pamusoro Hamlet: husinganzwisisiki, noudyire akuvara ari Oedipus zvakaoma, akashinga gamba, munhu anokudzwa muzivi, misogynist, soro pachake nevatambi kuti Humanism, melancholic, kwete izvo hazvina kufanira ... Pane kupera ichi? Pane hapana pane hungu. Sezvo kuwedzera wezvose kuchapfuurira nokusingaperi, uye mufananidzo Hamlet muna Shakespeare kuti nhamo vachaenda kunorwa vanhu nokusingaperi. Akanga refu akatarira kubva murugwaro pacharwo, nokuti vakasiya yakamanikana yezvinoreva kutamba, uye akava "mhedziso", "sverhtipom" vane kodzero iripo kunze nguva.