Sentimentalism mumabhuku, ayo chikuru zvinhu uye vamiririri

Shoko rokuti "sentimentalism" (wanda) mu unyanzvi mafungiro anonzi kwokusimbisa mupfungwa kusimba kwose muupenyu. Sentimentalism mumabhuku inomiririrwa rose chizvarwa zvose Western uye Russian Artists veshoko, pasinei nokuti nguva yake anyanya pfupi nguva - kubva mangwanani rechi18 kusvika mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19. The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo kuti mabhuku Genre ndiye United Kingdom. Rakanga pano apera gumi muzana remakore rechi18 rechipiri vakaberekwa uye vakava riwanikwe zvavo muverengi "Four Nemwaka 'naJames Thomson. Iri basa chaiko rinoumbwa anoverengeka kare zvakasiyana nhetembo kuipa vanhu kuda nyika yakavapoteredza. detembo Zvinoratidza kuti muverengi munyika kumaruwa huru uye runako nyika nharaunda anoshamisa.

Thomson akatora Baton Chirungu munyori Thomas Gray mu elegy yake "Rural Cemetery". Munyori akaedzawo nevatinosangana muverengi tsanangudzo zvakasikwa, kumutsa rudo naye kana tsitsi nyore musha vanhuwo, anogara nyore uye anoshanda nesimba kuti zvakanaka mhuri uye nyika. basa rose zvapararira Gray zvichiratidza pamusoro poupenyu kumaruwa vanhu, izvo rinopa kufunga uye melancholic hunhu. Sentimentalism mumabhuku kunokonzeresa chokuita mazita Laurence Sterne ( "Rwaibva Mumwoyo Rwendo") uye Samueri Richardson ( "Clarissa Harlowe"). Wechipiri haana akanyora nezvokuva, zvinoreva basa rake kutsanangura siyana dzevanhu vatambi, uyewo zvichaitirwa dzawo varidzi. Richardson akanyepera kwakaitwa yakafanira ose pamusoro Chirungu vanhu vanogomera kunetseka, rudo uye vanovenga vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa mabasa ake.

Sentimentalism mumabhuku French chokuita nemabasa okusika Zhana Zhaka Rousseau uye Jacques de Saint-Pierre. Pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu nekunzwisisa kufara Chirungu vakanyora akasika mabasa akadai "Upenyu Marianne", "New Eloise", "Pauro, et Virginie". Mune enganonyorwa pakati rechiFrench wevanyori pakati pezana remakore rechi18 riri hunodzorwa ibatanidzo nekunzwisisa vatambi manzwiro pamusoro colour rwokuzvarwa runako: dzomumaguta mumapaki, dondo madhamu uye nenzizi. Kunyanya kure yake mabhuku zvinhu auya of Saint-Pierre, ochinja vanonyanya kutaurwa 'Paul and Virginie' itsva iri kure South Africa. Muverengi mabasa ake anooneka vaviri norudo vechidiki vanogara kure mumadhorobha smog uye kumhanya-mhanya, voga ayo mhandara hunhu uye manzwiro vepachokwadi.

Sentimentalism mumabhuku Russian kunooneka pacharo chete okupedzisira emakore muzana remakore rechi18, apo akafuridzirwa nemabasa Goethe, Richardson uye Russo Nikolay Karamzin anonyora ake "Mutsamba imwe Russian mufambi". Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mune ramangwana Karamzin akawana gumi nevaviri vatevedzeri, zvose pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, uye makore akawanda gare gare. basa rake "Poor Liza" riri rounyanzvi chaiye wokuRussia nekunzwisisa prose. Story ane murombo, wakarasika murume musikana akahwina mwoyo zviuru zvakawanda vaverengi. Alexander Izmailov, rakafuridzirwa yokufungidzira, akanyora 1801 ake "Poor Masha", Ivan Svechinskaya - "Henrietta" (1802). The chikuru zviri Russian sentimentalism vari:

• kunamatwa utere, ari predominance nokusurukirwa pamusoro kuda murume;
• kupfuma wenyika huru kutaurwa yomukati;
• kuzvipira yakakwirira nevatambi vaiva magamba, avo kutsvaka kusinga nemanzwiro chaidzo.

Chinangwa Russian kuzvigutsa prose chaiva kusika mutsva mutauro wokufananidzira, iyo aifanira kutsiva mutauro wekare uye refu grandiloquent pacharo izzhivshemu vairemekedzwa. Zvinosuruvarisa kana Sezvineiwo, izvi hazvina kuitika. Pakazosvika 1820, Russian sentimentalism vaneta chose pacharo uye zvinangwa zvayo ndaramba hachizadziki.

Nhasi, dzakawanda dzekare uye unyanzvi kare chiwanzo chokudavira kuti nekunzwisisa mabhuku sangano rakanga chete kuchipfuura rwakazara kukura mabhuku pose zvavo. Sentimentalism mumabhuku pakati pezana remakore rechi18 yakanga Transitional Danho kubva classicism kusvikira romanticism. Kuva pakupedzisira basa, iye apera pacharo, nokudaro achizarurira nzira itsva mabhuku muitiro.