Sinyavino yakakwirira. Chiregera mukanyiwa makuva?

Sinyavino Heights, iyo yakava nzvimbo kunotyisa kurwa panguva 1941 - 1944, uye vakaita inokosha basa Hondo Leningrad. Maiva mumasango uye anezvimiti mumusha muduku Siniavino umhare kutapwa muguta rakakombwa.

Pakazosvika mumatsutso mana chete kuchamhembe Bapiro Soviet-German mberi akanga dzinoratidzwa zvikuru yambira operative mamiriro - pasi nokutyisidzirwa zvakazoonekwa akakunda chimiro simba yeSoviet - Leningrad. Rorusere September, pashure pokurasikirwa kumativi Shlisselburg chechipiri pakukura uye yayo inokosha kukosha nyika akavharwa muguta guru cheYangon mhete. Kukurukurirana pamwe yakaoma yakakanganiswa, izvo akatyisidzira Leningrad, kupfuura zvakakomba. Kunyanya chiedza kurasikirwa German mhepo bhomba vakapisa yemapuranga Badaevskie zvitoro zvokudya, izvo webato utungamiri guta harina wafungidzira vakapararira dzakavakirirwa kwazvo pachivande okuchengetera.

In izvi zvakakwana kunzwisisa nhungamiro huru kuvhunduka deblocking vakasarudzwa Sinyavino yakakwirira. Munharaunda iyi, kure pakati vaviri fronts Soviet - Volkhov uye Leningrad chainyanya usingashandi. Chimwe chikonzero chinokosha chokuti Sinyavino pakakwirira vakasarudzwa huru inoenda breakout pamusoro mhete rakakombwa, nhema dzavo kutonga pamusoro nzvimbo dzakapoteredza kubva tactical pfungwa maonero. Somugumisiro, kupambwa hochekoche zvikomo zvaiita kubvuta inokosha zvokuita uye kudzora zvakawanda amapani nzvimbo Lake Ladoga riri kuchamhembe parutivi kusvikira Mga River kurutivi.

Noutsinye uye ropa hondo pamusoro Sinyavinskiye dzakakwirira unogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Chokutanga izvi kwakatangwa pausiku September 20 kuyambuka ari rechiuto imwe zana uye namashanu Infantry Division ari munhare mapoka mukuru German boka wehondo-mana okutanga "North" Field Marshal Ritter of Leeb akasiya kumahombekombe Neva. Nemwoyo mikukutu kurwisa muvengi haana, izvo zvaiita kuti unotora bridgehead duku, iyo zvino akasvika weboka rokutanga NKVD Division, Yechina Marine Brigade uye zvakananga huru chikamu 115th CD.

Masimba aya aigona kucheka huru unobatanidza Leningrad pamwe Shlisselburg, uye muuye pedyo rechi8 GRES chepamusoro vokuGermany. Izvi springboard kunozivikanwa akaburuka munhau pasi zita "Nevsky Spot". Kutaura chokwadi yaiva budiriro wokutanga mauto edu Leningrad mberi. Tiine Volkhov kutungamirira "Nevsky Piglet," rakapinda chikamu makumi mashanu-wechina Army, refutenendi-General Ivan Fedyuninskogo. The chinotangira wamapoka dzedu kubva maviri converging dzinoitwa kuwedzera pamusoro Sinyavino yakakwirira. Advanced dzakabatana akagoverana hapana anopfuura 12-kusvika 16 km, kana kuvhunduka zviumbu ari 54th Army akasangana nomutsipa nemishonga kubva muvengi, uye, pashure vachitambura inorema nezvinhu, dzakamanikidzwa shure. Kusakwanisa mukudzidzire Sinyavinskaya dzakakwirira somugumisiro kukundikana akashandura zvose tactical urongwa.

Chechipiri Danho sinyavino tsamwisa rakatanga muna August-mana navaviri punchi Hunoita maviri fronts Soviet. Zvadaro muna zvakaipa achirohwa Army Group "North", izvo kare akarayira Karl Küchler, akatanga kusvika Division wegumi Army kubva Crimea, makuru-caliber atirari okukomba aro akaparadza Sevastopol wayo kusimbiswa. Zvinhu yakanga kuoma ndechokuti vakanyatsoshongedzwa uye yakadzidziswa Crimean Division Manstein vakamira panzvimbo pamwe Neva kubva Lake Ladoga kuna Leningrad.

Frontline njere akakwanisa kuwana nenguva ruzivo pamusoro kusvika manyoro mauto eGermany. Uye kuti adzivise muvengi kurwisa Leningrad, uyo akagadzwa kuti atungamirire Field Marshal of Manstein Hitler pachake, vaviri fronts Soviet yakatanga inogumbura pamusoro Sinyavino yakakwirira. Chirangaridzo uye mukoto yeKubwinya, rokuvaka yakatanga muna 1975, yaichengetwa 64 machena Slabs zvakavezwa mazita varwi vafa pano.

Kare muna August,-mana yechipiri zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mukutanga maawa tsamwisa zvikamu Volkhov nechemberi inorema nezvinhu vakanga chakakonzerwa namaneja. Pasinei neizvi, pakazopera August, pakakoromoka pamwe dzakandipoteredza guta vakatanga nerokufunga richipera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye Manstein aifanira kukanda mu kuchengeterwa ake - 170 fung Crimean kupesana. In hondo Sinyavinskiye dzakakwirira sezvo vari nyama mukuyi, mauto eGermany pasi akaronga kuti September kurwisa Leningrad.

Mumazuva maviri kurwa (27 ndipo uye August 28 ndipo) akakwanisa kupaza simba kuzvidzivirira German. Building pamusoro nokubudirira mauto edu mberi mberi kwavo akananga Neva. Panguva ino, cheni yakatorwa Sinyavinskiye dzakakwirira. Asi Manstein akakwanisa pfungwa panzvimbo imwe budiriro mapoka wavanozvisunga kubva zvavo chengetedza. Somugumisiro vezvikwata zvedu, kudzamisa ukama, vakanga vakakomba. Papera chikamu mauto achiri vakakwanisa kurega kubva musungo uyu, asi vakawanda vakaparadzwa Sinyavinskiye marshes. Zvinobudirira atanga kurwisa kamwe kupera zvakare kukundikana.

Wechitatu Danho sinyavino tsamwisa, nguva ino korona kubudirira, akatanga muna January mana rechitatu. Kutungamirirwa chinangwa chikuru chebasa nzvimbo peat akasarudzwa, yaiva kuchamhembe Siniavino. Muchikamu chino vokuGermany zvakakwana simba kuzvidzivirira mutsetse yakatangwa. Mumwe nomumwe Vashandi masere 'nemisha, riri pano, akasikwa ane rakavakirwa strongpoint. January 12, akatanga zvakanaka akaronga kurwisa. Zvino mugore rechigumi nemasere panzvimbo zvekare pamusoro yepamusoro zvikamu fronts maviri - the Volkhov uye Leningrad. mashandiro ichi chakanga, ayo chaizvoizvo, mumwe zvavo pamusoro anotambudzika ruzivo dzokutambura kurwiswa. Zvichida ndokusaka ari kubudirira.