Somugumisiro Magellan kuti rwendo kuvapo icho hwakagadzwa? The rwendo kubva Ferdinand Magellan

Pasina chakasimba romantics, adventurers uye vanoda nyika uchinzvera angadai hakunakidzi. Uye zvakasiyana, nekuti zvakawanda zvichiri kumbobvira akazaruka, kwete pachena, kwete yakagadzirwa.

Nguva nenzvimbo zvakawanwa

Rinotaura nguva apo vatsvakurudzi akapfuta nzira itsva kunyadza makondinendi uye zvitsuwa, vakachinja mepu dzenyika. Ini akafukidza nguva dzakawanda nguva:

• Early, panguva iyo vakwasvi ajaira Indian uye Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, muGungwa reBaltic, Gungwa Yellow uye Gungwa Dema, skirted Africa uye akaita mepu yakarurama munzvimbo idzi.
• Avhareji, kana vakazarura yeAmerica, takawana gungwa nzira kubva kweEurope Asia, akaita circumnavigation yacho yose wokutanga uye vakaona Australia.
• Gare gare, panguva yaakanga akadzidza North-West America, Antarctica, makungwa.

Pakati nemashanu-nemanomwe emakore rinonzi Nguva zvinhu zvikuru. Uye achitaura iyoyo, tisingatauri zita aidzidzisa, uyo vakabatsira nesayenzi yemazuva ano. This Magellan Fernando, murume akaratidza kuti Panyika ane bhora.

Brief Biography pamusoro Magellan

F. Magellan (Magalyaynsh) akaberekerwa muPortugal muna 1470. Asi chikuru budiriro kuti sayenzi akaita pasi Spanish mureza. The Jaya aibva mumhuri anokudzwa, saka ane dzidzo yakanaka, uye tsika muna Navy. Pamusoro pamudyandigere ake, Magellan Fernando akatamira Spain, apo iye zvinganaka Mambo rwendo kunze, izvo pashure zhinji pfungwa asi vakagamuchirwa. Uye rwendo ngarava shanu vakaenda yakakurumbira rwendo.

Panguva rwendo urwu wawanikwa, vakanyora mamiriro ayo mahombekombe South America, kumaodzanyemba Strait, izvo akazopiwa zita rake, Patagonian Cordillera. Way Mapilgrim vakayambuka Pacific Ocean, izvo kare havana kupinda zvikepe Europe, Guam, Philippines. Pane hondo pamwe zvemo Fernando akaurayiwa, asi chikwata chake chave chinhu chikuru.

Somugumisiro, zvakanzi vakawana rwendo Magellan kuvapo nyanza kusaroora akaratidza kuti nyika iri bhora chimiro. Asi mashoko aya akanga dzinoongororwa nokuda vanhu zvikuru gare gare.

Strait of Magellan

Way Magellan wake rikarira September 20 akatanga, 1519. Small yevhu svinga zvidimbu shanu, yakanga akatakura vanhu 265, kubva kugungwa. Mukuru akashandisa ake akasiyana zvichikurukura hurongwa kuti akabvumira zvikepe zvose kugara pamwe chete. Fernando aida kuyambuka Atlantic, saka kunhivi kupera December, vasvika Rio the Plata. Kupfuura mwedzi vakanga vachitsvaka ndima kuGungwa South, asi dzakamanikidzwa kugara muchando. Zvikepe Three vakatanga nyonganyonga asi akanga utsinye woutsinye. Somugumisiro Magellan kuti rwendo akasimbisa kuvapo chete yomugungwa, yakamanika yakawanikwa, uye rwendo mberi. Zvisinei, ngarava mumwe dzakaparadzwa, uye mumwe dongo.

Rufu mutungamiri

Pakapera November 1520 flotilla akapinda South Sea, iyo yainzi Pacific Ocean, nekuti apo kushambira kuburikidza nawo chengeta mamiriro ekunze akanaka. Mwedzi mina chikwata yakapedzerwa mugungwa, ari pamahombekombe yokupona. Nenzara, chakakuvara, yakakwirira mwero wokufa kwevanhu - ndizvozvo vechikamu vaifanira kuenda kuburikidza wokutanga rwendo munyika. Pakupedzisira, rwendo kubva Ferdinand Magellan raiva Philippine yezvitsuwa. Ikoko, vanhu vokuSpain akazivisa chitsuwa abate Mambo wavo uye akabvunza kukunda.

Asi zvemo zvimwe zvirongwa. Mutongi Cebu zvichipomerwa akaronga mabiko chokuremekedza vatorwa yaakanga Akarwisa vaenzi vake. The kurwisana akauraya pachake Magellan. The chikwata vakadzokera shure kune magwa, asi vanhu havana kukwana, saka mumwe zvikepe vaifanira kupisa.

Vavariro zvasvika?

All zvino kuziva kuti somugumisiro Magellan kuti rwendo akasimbisa kuvapo chete munyanza panyika inobatanidzwa pakamanikana uye makwara. Asi chitsuwa zvinonhuwira, iyo yaiva nzira yake aidzidzisa, asi vakanga vachiri kushayikwa.

mwedzi ngarava About mina Vaidzungaira makungwa kusvikira asvika pachitsuwa Tidore. Pano, achiwedzera akavanzwa saizvozvo, uye kutenga ruva, ngarava vakaramba vachienda. Asi vakanga vakakamurwa: rimwe rinotungamirirwa kumavirira pedyo African uye vamwe vasungwa kuti kugadziriswa. "Victoria" apedza nyika yokutanga nyika rwokuparidza September 6, 1522. On bhodhi vose gumi nevasere vasara. Gare gare muna Spain Return namanomwe vanhu mungarava "Trinidad". Kutengesa zvinonhuwira, chikwata akabhadhara vose mari refu rwendo.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Kukosha wokutanga vanofambira rinokosha. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, somugumisiro Magellan kuti rwendo akasimbisa ariko munyanza. Vafambisi kunge nekusimba kuti pasi redu riri munyika shoma pane mvura. Zita vakashinga Portuguese akavadana kwete chete kuvhura Strait kupinda Pacific Ocean, asi maviri nyeredzi masumbu kutaurwa Antonio Pifachetta, nhengo rwendo yayo wenhoroondo. Sailor yakatsaurirwa enganonyorwa uye tsvakurudzo.

Asi kana rwendo kwakaunza kubatsirwa kuna Fernand uye mhuri yake? Akafa munguva rwendo, kana akaedza, kufanana conquistadors, kukurira venyika yacho Philippine Islands. The vashandi dongo chikepe Magellan mhosva hurumende, saka akatora zvose neropafadzo uye zvikomborero kure. Mugore pamberi rokupedzisira chikepe flotilla dzakazvikanda Mbambo musha, mwanakomana Fernando wafa. Uye mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare akafa mudzimai wake akanga achangobva kusununguka kechipiri mwanakomana akafa. Ndizvo mutengo mufambi aifanira kubhadhara guru akawana!