The Diesel Injini D-160: zano nokurondedzerwa

Famous zvikatapira Soviet T-130 uye T-170, uyewo njanji-mhando tarakita rave Russian akagadzirwa B-10 uye havana hafu sezvo zvinobudirira vade uye, kana asina kuiswa kwavo kugadzira injini D-160.

Izvi Diesel powerplant mberi nguva yaro, uye ane makore anopfuura 30, zvava chinokosha imwe zvikatapira simba kupfuura. Simplicity, akavimbika uye kuita - izvi zvose rinosanganisa injini nokuda nyatsoshanda chakagadzirwa.

repakona

Hwaro injini humburumbira chinogumbura rwakabatana crank mashandiro. The humburumbira nechigumbuso chinhu monolithic chivako chine kukandira simbi muwedzero simbi dzisimbe. masvingo aro, pamwe kumberi uye neshure rusvingo anoshumira anotsigira camshaft uye crankshaft, uye vo decompressor chinotenderera.

Kudzora mamiriro huru uye unobva tsvimbo mabheyaringi murusvingo zvakanaka pane manholes. Pano dziri madhoo kuti kugadzira tappets. Bottom injini D-kuvharwa crankcase 160 vaviri maburi Drain. Top vakatasva humburumbira musoro, zvakajairika kuti sepombi maviri.

Pyatioporny vakagadzira crankshaft yakagadzirwa simbi uye ane counterweights migero crankpins, izvo zvinoita kuchenesa mamwe Centrifugal mafuta. On nomubato flange wanamatira flywheel giya mazino. Crown ane kururamisa mazino kuti yemagetsi Starter Motors, uye skew kuti zvivako pamwe Starter motokari.

Pisitoni akaita ane aruminiyamu chiwanikwa, mumwe combustion kamuri yaiva pasi. The unobatanidza matanda wakaumbwa hot-ndokugadzira simbi.

Design zvinhu

Nokuti vibration damping, unobereka D-160 injini pa yavose sezvavakatarirwa kumhanya 1250. / Min., The counterweight mashandiro ari iiswe. Zvinonzi rakamiswa pasi ndege yacho chinogumbura uye casing vovanda. Lubrication pakati mabheyaringi centralized mashandiro, asi mazino makumbo vari lubricated namafuta mhute, riri zvakapararira mune nzvimbo-yokuvata injini.

Chimwe STRUCTURAL chinhu ndiyo kuvapo decompression mashandiro. Iye kuzarura yaunodya mavharuvhu ari humburumbira musoro panguva injini startup, ayo kuchinja kana panguva yenjodzi chemabhazi. Pamusana basa rake crankshaft asingadi kusangana nemishonga uye Mupumburu zvakasununguka. Mavharuvhu asvinure nembariro decompressor, izvo kusazviteerera chinotenderera kutenderera mashandiro.

kutonhora hurongwa

At injini D-160 wakaiswa namahwindo mvura kutonhora hurongwa ari kumanikidzwa makopi mutakuri kupisa - mvura, kana antifreeze. Zvinonzi pave Centrifugal Pombi nechisimbiso zvokuimba. Redhiyeta tubular mamiriro hunomiririrwa chiutsi-vharafu uye kutonhora mahwendefa.

Panguva injini tembiricha kudzora anoenderana maviri thermostatic vharafu. Pamusoro muchidziisa mutakuri kupisa kusvika 70 ^C. Mumwe wavo kusashanda, gandiwa duku overlaps uye anoita Urume kutenderedza kubudikidza redhiyeta. With ichi rinoitwa zvinobudirira, uye kukurumidza kutonhora simba chirimwa.

mafuta hurongwa

The mafuta Hurongwa rine tangi, pombi, Sefa maitiro uye injectors. Mafuta, vasati vapinda Diesel injini D-160, ichipfuura kwegadziriro filters 3:

• mota yokutanga kuiswa mune filler pamutsipa kuti mafuta prefilter;
• chechipiri, aida kutsauka kuchenesa, pamberi priming Pombi hwavapo;
• wechitatu inodiwa yakaisvonaka rokuchenesa huni jekiseni Pombi hwavapo zvakananga pamberi.

Zvimwe booster pombi anoita se murevereri pakati tangi uye jekiseni pombi. It ariwo kubvisa mhepo kubva Mitsetse uye pressurize ezvinhu kuti injini ine magetsi-mano.

Zvakakurukurwa chinotsva hurongwa

The pabutiro corrector mukuru-kumanikidzwa chinotsva pombi yakatarwa sikuruu, izvo ichikutadzisa inogona kuva simba chirimwa panguva achimhanya unyanzvi. The mokugezera vari ngadzirambe dziri musoro mumwe humburumbira chivharo levers.

Chinokosha yemagetsi-mashandiro kuiswa mune injini D-160. Electric tochi mudziyo uri sesasaradzi chivhariso uye hoko revatema pamwe solenoid vharuvhu mairi. Chinotsva runopwa zvakananga kupinda mwenje, uye ipapo mafuta mhute riri zvakavhenganiswa mhepo uye detonation pamusoro incandescent zononoka makenduru. The zvichiguma rimi rinopisa unopfuura mhepo akasuma kupinda sepombi, nokudaro kufambisa paitangira injini.

zvitengeswa mhepo uye lubrication hurongwa

Power romugove mhepo achishandisa mhepo yakachena raiumbwa uniflow madutu 12 uye 8.5 S. The yokupedzisira turbocharger iri dzinofambiswa nokuda chiutsi magasi. Ivo usununguke zvako TOUR centripetal turbine. Panguva oparesheni, chero chinhu wegadziriro hakurevi murau, asi zvakafanira kuongorora mashandiro ari compressor. Nekukatanura mhepo romugove mashandiro hakusi akakodzera dzavo.

Musha D-160 anenge 14 litres, uye huchishanda kunobva lubrication hurongwa. Saka, muna mamiriro anomiririrwa powerplant unobatanidzwa - lubrication rinoitwa neboka giya pombi uye pfapfaidzo. Asati zvokudya mafuta injini mugadziriro, chobudira kuburikidza Sefa bepa pamwe replaceable okunze. Kuti zvive nyore, kuti Sefa upenyu tarisisa ayo divi chiso ane kusvibiswa chokukomborerwa replaceable okunze.

Asati atanga injini maslozakachivayuschy pombi pave ane overpressure munyika, nokudaro kufambisa mudzimu nesimba chirimwa.

Engine Magadzirirwo

Nokuda kwakarongeka basa dzakabatana uye zvigadziriswe anenge zvakanaka uye vane zvishoma mafuta kudyiwa kumusoro (nokuti boka iri motokari) achimhanya injini D-160. Technical zvechadenga simba chirimwa, vari akadaro mukuru sandara, zvichienderana magadzirirwo yakawandisa injini zvinoriumba.

Hatigoni kutaura kuti mugadziri anouya kutengesa shanduro wandei injini ichi. Mumwe chikwata kwakasiyana chete dzavo rwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa.

The D-160 ndiye brainchild of kuChelyabinsk Tractor Plant. Pasinei nezera ayo Unokudzwa, anogona kupa aida kuti powertrains zhinji ano. Zvisinei, kufanana mamwe injini, izvozvo panguva nenguva inoda kuti igadziriswe.

Nokuda kwayo yakakwirira maintainability uye Kuwanikwa kupembedza zvikamu Nokuraramisa nyaya regai simuka. Chinhu bedzi chinokonzera hanya - rakakura overhaul.

upenyu wechipiri injini

Kana panguva nokushanda vasanyanye humburumbira compression, gogonera idling, kuwedzera mafuta kuparadzwa, uyewo chidzoke ane simba vibration uye kujairika ruzha, unofanira kuziva kuti kwenyu injini D-160 kupembedza zvikamu vachaponeswa. Pane zvinodiwa overhaul.

Capital kupora hakudzivisiki Danho muupenyu nerimwe simba chirimwa. Zvakakosha kuti raitwa kwazvo. Mutengo mutsva simba chirimwa riri pachiyero 240 zviuru. Rubles, nokuda izvo overhaul ndiro tibudirire kumwe. In yokutsiva chinodiwa panguva kugadziriswa akavhiyiwa:

• mumwe plunger;
• chikuru uye unobva tsvimbo inoisa;
• yaunodya uye pedza mavharuvhu ari humburumbira musoro;
• tsvimbo plugs;
• buttered pombi;
• gaskets uye rabha zvinoriumba.

Panguva kupora kushandiswa, unofanirawo kuongorora kushanda chinotsva hurongwa. The pangozi kupfuura zvinhu vaiona injector uye plunger nemagungano yakakwirira kumanikidzwa mafuta pombi. Uyezve, pasi Verification uye kutanga injini. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, hazvigoni akapora. Zvadaro nzira chete mumwe - yakakwana yokutsiva mashandiro.

Nechipiriso injini mamirire D-160 haisi kukwanisa kurondedzera zvizere ayo chadzo uye michina zvinhu. Nokuda basa rayo, akabatana ine simba hutachiwana Unit, hwokushandisa nematarakita anofamba ayo 6 10, muedzo kirasi vane mari zvikuru uye vamiririri yakawana motokari.