The Italian wenziyo Verdi Dzhuzeppe: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu uye nyaya youpenyu

Verdi Dzhuzeppe, ane Biography anoratidzwa munyaya - akakurumbira Italian wenziyo. Makore hwake - 1813-1901. A yakawanda usingafi mabasa Verdi Dzhuzeppe zvakasikwa. Biography of wenziyo zvechokwadi vakakodzera kufarirwa.

basa rake riri kuonekwa yakakwirira pfungwa kukura wokuimba remakore rechi19 yokumusha. Vanopfuura hafu yezana remakore mishumo Verdi somunhu munyori. Zvakanga ainyanya chokuita Genre kuti dhanzi. Chokutanga izvi Verdi kusikwa, paaiva nemakore 26 okuberekwa ( "Oberto, Conte od San Bonifacio"), uye okupedzisira akanyora mumakore 80 ( "Falstaff"). Munyori kamera: 32 (pamwe zvitsva nemabasa wedzero akanyorwa nezvake) ndiro Verdi Dzhuzeppe. Biography ake uye kusvikira zuva rino zvikuru, uye zvisikwa Verdi kuti munguva yedu vanobatanidzwa huru repertoire mitambo yose.

Origin, pauduku

Giuseppe akaberekerwa Roncole. The musha uri muruwa Parma, waiva chikamu panguva yacho Napoleonic Empire. Nomufananidzo imba pazasi, apo munyori akaberekwa uye akapedza ake muduku kwemakore. Zvinozivikanwa kuti baba vake akatungamirira Grocery zvokutengeserana uye ine waini dura.

In yomunharaunda organist chechi agamuchira zvidzidzo ake mimhanzi Verdi Dzhuzeppe yokutanga. Biography ake Kunoonekwa wokutanga chiitiko guru 1823. Ndipo apo remangwana wenziyo akatumirwa Busseto, guta yakavakidzana, apo akaramba zvidzidzo ake muchikoro chesekondari. Pazera makore 11, Giuseppe akatanga kuratidza zvekuimba tarenda raidudzwa. Mukomana akava kuita organist pa Roncole.

Giuseppe A. Baretstsi akaona, mumwe mupfumi mutengesi Busseto, izvo akagovera baba pabhenji vomukomana uye vakanga kufarira kukuru mumhanzi. The ramangwana wenziyo vanosungirwa dzidzo yavo mimhanzi kuti munhu uyu. Baretstsi akamuendesa kumba kwake, vakaripira mukomana ave mudzidzisi nani uye kubhadhara kudzidziswa ake muMilan.

Giuseppe akava kondakita, yakadzidziswa B. Lavigne

Pazera makore 15 ave muitisi ane kwaya diki Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Brief Biography naye mberi kusvika muMilan. Pano akaenda kushamwari yababa vake mari. Chinangwa chaiva Giuseppe akapinda Conservatory. Zvisinei, akanga asina kugamuchirwa kuchikoro ichi nokuda kwokushayiwa unyanzvi. Zvisinei, V. Lavigne Milanese kondakita uye munyori, akarumbidza netarenda Giuseppe. Akatanga kudzidzisa nziyo ake pachena. Opera kunyora uye orchestration vakadzidza kushandisa iri dhanzi mudzimba Milan Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Brief Biography mabasa ake okutanga pakataurwa kwaita makore mashoma gare gare.

mabasa ekutanga

Verdi munguva kubvira 1835 kusvika 1838 aigara Busseto uye aishanda matunhu neminisiparati chikwata chevaimbi. Giuseppe muna 1837 akasika dhanzi yake yokutanga inonzi "Oberto, Conte od San Bonifacio". basa iri akaiswa 2 makore muMilan. Yakanga rakabudirira. By Unorudzi "La Scala", yakakurumbira Milan yemitambo, Verdi akanyora enyambo dhanzi. Akariti "zvekufungidzira Stanislav, kana rimwe zuva ushe." Yakaiswa muna 1840 ( "Mambo nokuda Day"). Mumwe mupanda, kubva dhanzi "Nabucco" chaipiwa kuruzhinji muna 1842 ( "Nebhukadhinezari"). It Munyori akaratidza chido uye nemanzwiro rokuItari vanhu, uyo mumakore iwayo akatanga kutamburira kuti rusununguko, nokuti rusununguko kubva yeAustria joko. Vanoiona akaona kutambura rwavaJudha, vakabatwa, muenzaniso Italy wavo panguva. Active enyika mienzanisiro kwakamutsa korasi vasungwa basa yechiJudha. Next Opera Giuseppe, "Lombardi kushingirira" uyewo inonyatsoratidza chikumbiro nokuda pakuputsa vanodzvinyirirwa. Rakanga kufanorongwa muMilan muna 1843. Uye muna Paris, yevoruzhinji dhanzi iyi kutamba ( "Jerusarema") yechipiri wakatangwa muna 1847.

Upenyu Paris, muchato wake George. Strepponi

Munguva kubva 1847 kusvika 1849 akanga kunyanya guru French Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Biography uye basa rake nguva ino anozivikanwa zviitiko zvinokosha. Maiva muguta guru French, akaita itsva shanduro "The Lombards" ( "Jerusarema"). Mukuwedzera, muna Paris Verdi akasangana neshamwari yake, Giuseppina Strepponi (mufananidzo wake anopiwa pamusoro). muimbi ichi muchirongwa kubudiswa "Lombard" uye "Nabucco" muMilan, uye mumakore iwayo takatamira pedyo munyori. Pakupedzisira, pashure pemakore 10 Vakawanikwa.

Zvinoitwa mangwanani mabasa kubudikidza Verdi

Zvinenge zvose rokutanga nguva okugadzira zvinhu Giuseppe yakazara kuburikidza nyika mwoyo, manzwiro umhare. Vari chokuita hondo kuzorwa vamanikidzi. Izvi, somuenzaniso, rakanyorwa "Ernani" Hugo (yokutanga kugadzirwa kwakaitika Venice muna 1844). Verdi vakasikwa Byron basa rake "The Two Foscari" (premiered muRoma muna 1844). Kufarira basa rake uye Schiller. "The Maid pamusoro Orleans" dzaitaurwa muMilan muna 1845. Mugore iroro muna Naples, kuratidzwa kwe "Alzira" by Voltaire. "Macbeth" by Shakespeare akanga kufanorongwa muFlorence muna 1847. Kubudirira mukuru mabasa nguva ino vaiva dhanzi "Macbeth", "Attila" uye "Ernani". Stage ezvinhu mabasa awa kuyeuchidza vateereri pamusoro ezvinhu munyika yavo.

The kufarira French Revolution Dzhuzeppe Verdi

Biography, muchidimbu mabasa uye uchapupu vakararama munyori wacho kuti Verdi noushamwari vakabvuma French Revolution pakati 1848. Aiva chapupu kwaari muParis. Kare muna Italy, Verdi akanyora "Hondo Legnano." Izvi dhanzi umhare akanga kufanorongwa muRoma muna 1849. Pakadhindwa izvozvo rwechipiri chokuita 1861 uye dzaitaurwa muMilan ( "The Kukombwa Harlem"). basa iri rinorondedzera sei Lombards akarwa kuti kubatana munyika. Mazzini, Italian echimurenga Giuseppe akarayira kunyora echimurenga rwenyika. Saka pakanga inogadzirwa "hwamanda ichiridzwa."

1850s nemabasa Verdi

1850s - itsva nguva okugadzira zvinhu Fortunino Giuseppe Francesco Verdi. Biography ake kwave kuchiratidzwa pakusikwa operas, izvo anoratidza zvakaitika uye nemanzwiro vanhuwo zvavo. The hondo rusununguko-rudo vanhu pamusoro Bourgeois vanhu kana feudal kudzvinyirira kwakanga dingindira basa munyori uyu nguva. Iye unogona kunzwiwa kare operas wokutanga, ukama iyi. Muna 1849, "Luisa Miller" chaipiwa kuruzhinji muna Naples. basa iri zvakanyorwa mutambo "Rudo chivande" by Schiller. Muna 1850 iri Trieste yakaitwa waivako "Stiffelio".

The Musoro mumagariro kusaruramisira yave muAtlantic atowedzera simba mumabasa akadai haufi se "Rigoletto" (1851), "Il Trovatore" (1853) uye "La Traviata" (1853). The hunhu mimhanzi operas izvi zvechokwadi dzakakurumbira. Ivo akaratidza chipo munyori sezvo mumwe munyori wemitambo uye melodist, zvinoratidzwa mabasa chokwadi choupenyu.

Development of Genre "Grand Opera"

Zvichitevera pakusikwa Verdi yakabatana Genre kuti "Grand Opera". Ndivo nhoroondo uye kudanana nemabasa akadai 'The Sicilian Vespers "(kufanorongwa muParis muna 1855)," A Masked Ball "(premiered muRoma muna 1859)," The Force Anofanosarudza ", akarayira nokuda Mariinsky Theater. Sezvineiwo, maererano pagadzirwe Verdi wokupedzisira dhanzi muna 1862 kaviri akashanyira Petersburg. The Photo pazasi anoratidza asian ake, akaita kuRussia.

Muna 1867 iye akaonekwa "Don Carlos", rakanyorwa Schiller. In operas izvi vadiwa Giuseppe dingindira kurwisa yavamanikidzi uye kusaruramisira mudzidziso mabasa, izvo zvakawanzwa zvakasiyana, zvinoshamisa mifananidzo.

Opera "Aida"

Kubva dhanzi "Aida" uchitanga hutsva nguva okugadzira zvinhu pamusoro Verdi. It paakatumwa muEgipita Khedive munyori pachinhu chimwe chiitiko chinokosha - pakuvhurwa neSuez Canal. A. Mariette Bey, yakakurumbira muongorori wezvaiitika kuIjipiti, munyori pfungwa inonakidza nyaya, iro rinotaura kuti upenyu yeIjipiti yekare. Verdi akafarirawo pfungwa iyi. Libretist Ghislanzoni akashanda pamusoro libretto pamwe Verdi. Kuratidzwa kwe "Aida" yakaitwa Cairo muna 1871. Kubudirira kwakanga kwakakura.

Gare gare munyori wacho okugadzira zvinhu

Zvadaro, Giuseppe haana kusika operas itsva kwemakore 14. Akadzokorora mabasa ake ekare. Somuenzaniso, muMilan, kuratidzwa rechipiri shanduro dhanzi "Simon Boccanegra" muna 1881, yakanyorwa muna 1857 Dzhuzeppe Verdi. About munyori akati pamusana pokukwegura, haagoni kusika chinhu chitsva. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza, akashamisa vateereri. -Gore 72 okuberekwa Italian munyori Verdi Dzhuzeppe akati ari kushanda ari dhanzi itsva "Othello". Rakanga kufanorongwa muMilan muna 1887, uye pamwe kutamba - ndiro Giuseppe-nemakore 80 vakapinda kuratidzwa kwe basa idzva akasikwa uyewo muParis muna 1894. Kwapera makore mashomanana mabasa Shakespeare. Tiri kutaura kugadzirwa "Falstaff" muMilan muna 1893. Giuseppe ramanyora Shakespearean operas zvinoshamisa librettist Boito. In mufananidzo pazasi - Boito (kuruboshwe) uye Verdi.

Giuseppe mumakore matatu operas ake vakatsvaka kuwedzera mhando kubatanidza kunoshamisa chiito uye mumhanzi. Akapa zvinoreva itsva recitative, akasimbisa basa reDare mumhanzi iri Kuziviswa mifananidzo.

Own nzira iri kurira Verdi

Kana mamwe mabasa Giuseppe, pakati pavo ndiye "Requiem". Zvinonzi vakazvitsaurira kuna kuyeuka A. Manzoni, mudetembi akakurumbira. Giuseppe okugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana chaizvoizvo. Ndosaka munyori ainzi sahwira zvenziyo upenyu muEurope 1840-1890 gg. Verdi akatevera nebudiriro Vanyori, panguva - Donizetti, Bellini, Wagner, Meyerbeer, Gounod. Asi handina kuvatevedzera Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Biography ake kwakaratidzwa pakusika yoga zvidimbu kare mukutanga nguva okugadzira zvinhu. Munyori kuenda zvainoda uye haana kururama. Lucidly, mumhanzi inopenya, melodically akapfuma Verdi chave mukurumbira chaizvo pose. Democracy uye realism uri, Humanism uye vanhu, hukama achabatira art nyika yake yaakaberekerwa, - Ndivo chikuru zvikonzero Verdi ane mukurumbira mukuru.

January 27, 1901 Dzhuzeppe Verdi akafa muMilan. Brief Biography uye basa rake kusvikira nhasi, aifarira mumhanzi vanoda kubva pasi pose.