The Mashoko remapiyona. A ivimbiso kupayona. Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization

"Gadzirira!" Uye mhinduro iri - "! Gara wakagadzirira" - Mashoko aya kuti vanhu vakura, pauduku iyo yakaitwa Soviet Union, nomuzikamwi uye unonzwisisika. Zviri saka ari mupfupi shanduro yakarira mapiyona Mashoko.

Matangiro Ayakaita

The hwaro paumbwe mapiyona akanga hunotovapo muRussia Scout kufamba, yakaumbwa pamberi chimurenga (1917), chinangwa rakanga wokubatanidza vechidiki uye dzidzo akafanira uye mutoro vagari.

The samambure masangano vana vakanga anenge 50,000 Scouts. Panguva Civil War, ivo akasika munhu "youth nevarwi" zviyero, izvo zvakabatsira kutsvaka mumugwagwa vana. Scouts akapawo nekuve kubatsira yevagari.

In zvinofambirana pamwe zvetsika Scout munyika pakutevedzera itsva: "JC" (Young vaKomonisiti) - Scouts uyo akaedza nokubatanidza hwaro racho pamwe pfungwa yoMushandirapamwe. Zvisinei, itsva youth dzidzo - Koshanda - kuona scouting vavengi, akasarudza kuchiparadza. At reCongress of Koshanda (1919) "JC" akapomerwa pakuti mubvunzo rechiKomonisiti dzidzo yevana vane yakakodzera chete pamutemo, asi chaizvoizvo zvichisimudzira "Bourgeois Scout." Somugumisiro, kwakasarudzwa kuti paradzana zvose zviripo dzakabatana.

Pakusikwa All-Union Pioneer Organization

Zvisinei, munguva pfupi, mubvunzo kwezvisikwa rechiKomonisiti sangano zvevana aifanira kuenda shure. Zvino shure kutaura unotevera Bureau of Central Committee pakati Koshanda mukadzi V. I. Lenina - N. Krupskaya. Zvinokurudzirwa zvakasimba kufunga Koshanda vatungamiriri pamusoro mukusika vemunharaunda vana, kusanganisira Scout fomu yechiKomonisiti kugutsikana.

Munguva pfupi iri komisheni hwagadzwa, iyo yaisanganisira Innokentiya Zhukova, kare vaita "Russian Scout" chinzvimbo utungamiri munzanga. Ndiye akataura kuti nhengo dzesangano vana mutsva unonzi "nemapiyona".

Mapiyona aifanira kupfeka dzvuku netai uye bhurauzi chena (vasori vaviri rwegirini). The Mashoko "Iva wakagadzirira!" - "Gara wakagadzirira!" Tinokurudzirwawo akakweretwa kubva vasori. Mukuwedzera, sangano Chebasa rakaramba yokusafa Scout: mutambo siyana dzidzo, weboka revarwi, dzinotungamirirwa makurukota, uyewo mari nomoto. Lily chete petals matatu vanoratidzwa icon vashori, mapiyona akanga yakatsiviwa zvomoto matatu.

Munyika 1922 yose nyika kubva mumisha duku kumaguta makuru uye dzakarongwa mune yokupayona mauto. Uye muna October, Rechishanu Congress of Koshanda akarayira chokubatanidza vose mune rimwe sangano dzechiKomonisiti vana, ichiiti ari "Young Pioneers. Spartacus. " Zvisinei, pashure pokufa "mutungamiriri proletariat" (1924) akanga paakavapa zita Lenin. Uye muna March 1926 yakanga pamutemo ainzi Pioneers - Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization.

Sechivako piyona USSR

Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization ane sangano munyika, nyika dzakapoteredzana, dzematunhu, guta uye dunhu zviyero, iyo inotorwa kukupfura.

Squads vakasikwa zvakananga muzvikoro, misha nevana uye zvikoro chebhodho. Kana ivo basa vanhu vanopfuura makumi maviri, ivo vanobvumirwa ive mapoka, sechikamu izvo zvinofanira kunge mapiyona dzinenge nhatu. Setsika, zvikwata vakasikwa kubva vana vezera, kunze akabvumira kuti mapiyona misasa uye nherera.

Zvidzidzo vakanga basa nevanhu gumi, rakakamurwa muzvikamu, musoro iyo pakuiswa chikwata mutungamiri yakasarudzwa panguva zvayo pamusangano.

Chokwadi chete squads mubatanidzwa mapiyona kuti masangano edzidzo (zvikoro, zvikoro chebhodhingi, misha nevana), uye zviyero ukuwo - kirasi chete.

zvakagadzirwa 80

Munguva eighties, sechivako Pioneers Soviet Union hwachinja wedzeredzei. Paiva mapiyona vakwegura - kubatanidza pre-accession kuna Koshanda. Ivo vaipfeka chaiyo bheji, iyo wakapindwa nenhengo Koshanda. Mukuwedzera, vakabvumirwa kupfeka tai pachinzvimbo piyona "mukuru".

Manual sangano

sangano Control Union Pioneer vakatakura YCL (YCL) uyo yakashuma zvakananga Committee. Chete zano kwaibva utariri mune dzimwe mumadhipatimendi "Young Leninists '(zvikoro, nherera, chebhodhin'i zvikoro). All chairmen, navabati uye vanyori Pioneers mazano kubva nechepakati kudunhu unotendwa panguva plenary purogiramu kuMudzidzisi Koshanda.

YCL makomiti vachigadzirira kupayona zvikwata mukuru namakurukota, kuita muchiuto kwavo uye kudzidzisa, uyewo kuita mberi kuvandudza unyanzvi hwavo.

Municipality Mapiyona

Mumwe kukupfura, yokuzviparadzanisa kana kubatana aiva rinodzora wayo, akadana muunganidzwa. Mashandiro chikwata kubhadhara zvinosanganisira kugamuchirwa musarudzo kuti mapiyona. Iyewo yakarumbidza kupfuura vakakodzera "Young Leninists" kutora kuhondo pakati Young Communist League. Kunyange zvazvo, pakupedzisira, kuti Young Communist League akabatanidzwa zvinenge zvose nhengo sangano, sapamazuva Soviet munguva, zvinobudirira ramangwana basa pasina musoro "Komsomolets" kuvaka zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo.

Kana Masangano ari makuru Pioneer, kubvira kwematunhu uye kupedza Union, ipapo ipapo inzira kuzvitonga ndiwo anonzi kuungana piyona. Zvisinei, vakanga kuenda chete nguva nenguva. Saka, Republican uye All-Union musangano kwakaitika kamwe mumakore mashanu, guta uye muruwa - makore maviri kana matatu ose.

Sei kutora Pioneers

Mapiyona aigona nokuzvidira kubatana vana, akwegura pakati 9 uye 14 makore zvichibatanidzwa. Kuti tive kunyatsoenderana - zvokuzvidira-kumanikidzwa.

Asati ava nhengo yesangano Chebasa, mumiriri vakapfuura basa. Akatanga kuziva nhoroondo yaro, dzezvakaitwa remapiyona, mhare, akaita muhondo pamwe Germany, nemusoro ne mwoyo, "mhiko kuna piyona." Uyezve, akatsanangura kukosha nevamwe hunhu.

Kazhinji, musi inotevera Mutongo sangano vakauya pasi chero vechiKomonisiti mazororo. It anoita mabasa ari yomutambo mhepo. Asi kutanga kugamuchira wakaitwa nomumwe kuburikidza nekuvhota pamusoro gungano Unit kana kukupfura, iyo Anoongorora musarudzo 'kuda kutakura musoro "piyona". Chainge mhando yomuedzo. Apfuudza muedzo uyu, ramangwana Leninist kutotadzisa kuva piyona, asi akapfeka icon piyona ane dzvuku netai aigona chete pashure mutambo awarding pavo. Waiitwa pamusoro vanhuwo mutsetse. "Vimbiso piyona dzakarongwa" Ikoko akapa.

Muchidimbu, accession nzira yakanga yakareba chaizvo uye kwazvo. Naizvozvo, munhu anga kuburikidza nawo, hwose kurangarira, chakagamuchirwa kupinda Pioneers.

Yakatarwa vimbiso uye mitemo Pioneers

Pamberi itsva nhengo sangano rakasungirwa tsvuku Pioneer chisungo, aifanira kupa mukuru pakuvaka (mutsetse pachikoro, chikoro chebhodhingi, uye zvichingodaro. D.) A mhiko, yaakanga apa kuzvipira kushumira mhosva Communist Party, kuda Motherland uye kuremekedza mitemo Pioneers.

hwaro hwavo wakaradzikwa zvose zvakanakisisa kuti nyika angada kuona ari chizvarwa chevechiduku, chido kudzivirira nyika yokumusha kwavo pamudzivisi, kundorwa rugare, edza kuva nhengo Koshanda uye uve muenzaniso vana (October). Uyezve, edza kuva shamwari yakanaka, kuremekedza vakuru, uye, chokwadi, kuti Zvinoshingaira muupenyu sangano rokupayona.

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, Soviet maitiro akanga chaiwo basa kuti vakawanda Mashoko communism. Songs, mapepa, mireza, masirogani panguva yakanga kuwanikwa kumativi ose. Mapiyona kugona kugara kure: Mapiyona Mashoko wakajeka muenzaniso uyu. Paakatarira mataurirwo rejaya Leninist hwakakungwa panguva kugokora kusvikira musoro, achipa vanonzi "akakukwazisa piyona," zviri izvo akazova nevakawanda chokunyengetera. kukwazisa kuti nhengo yakawiriranwa sangano.

The Mashoko wemapiyona

Pioneer Mashoko raiva nezvikamu zviviri: kudaidzwa apindure.

Kudanidzira yakarira sezvinotevera: "Mumwe piyona mukurwa nekuda mhaka Communist Party of Soviet Union, vakagadzirira," Zvino mhinduro vakatevera: ". Gara Makagadzirira" Asi azere shanduro chinyorwa rinowanzonzi chete mitambo kana mukuru kuungana kana kuungana. Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, ari Mashoko akanzi nenzira akapfupikiswa pamwechete shanduro, "Iva wakagadzirira!" - "akagadzirira Gara!".

Kupayona chimiro, Chirevo uye makona

Traditional kupayona chimiro rakaenderana chikoro, asi zviri zvechokwadi kuti mukwanisi vakirisito zviratidzo - tsvuku netai uye kupayona kuvake. Kutora chikamu mune mhemberero mumusoro akapfeka dzvuku zvadzinofura chivharo.

In nechimwe kukupfura aiva pachake "Pioneer Room," ayo chakapiwa nzvimbo chaiyo yokuchengetera unhu: murindi mureza, nyanga (a chiridzwa mhepo), ngoma, mireza, izvo zvaishandiswa nokuda kuvhura nokuvhara mhemberero uye inokosha intra zviitiko.

Eya, sapamazuva Soviet Union, nzvimbo chaiyo yakapiwa chirango, uye chizvarwa chevechiduku akadzidza kufora vakagadzirira chete kukireshi, masangano piyona pachinhu ichi, kunyange aiva tsika dzayo. Gore pakati Mapoka vakaitwa "tarira pasi uye Song". Ivo vatongi kuongororwa chibooreso, kupayona masirogani, verenga kubva panguva ndima, uye sei zvine rugare uye uchinyatsobatanidzwa vaurayiwa achifamba rwiyo.

Muchidimbu, kana tisinganeti kufunga enyika necheseri, masangano piyona basa rinokosha pakurera vana. Chaizvoizvo zvose kubva mapiyona ari Mashoko akaguma pamwe chimiro mbatya, customizable muduku kuzvidzora uye kuzvipira kuvandudzika, uyewo kuremekedza vakuru uye kuda nyika. Muchidimbu, aiva piyona vana vose Soviet muenzaniso.