The nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean: tsananguro, unhu. Indian Ocean pamepu

kosi School of jogirafi zvidzidzo kunosanganisira kudzidza kupfuura mvura munzvimbo - mumakungwa. nyaya iyi unofadza zvakakwana. Vadzidzi uchinakidzwa kugadzirira wake mishumo uye abstracts. Nyaya ino ichataura mashoko anorondedzera nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean, ayo maitiro uye zvinhu. Saka ngationei kutanga nekuvazikanwi.

tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro Indian Ocean

The chikero uye uwandu kwemvura Indian Ocean zviri nyore iri nzvimbo yechitatu, achipa nzira Pacific uye Atlantic. A chinokosha Chikamu riri muna Southern Hemisphere yedu nyika yayo zviwanikwa makamuri ndiwo:

• Kumaodzanyemba Eurasia kuchamhembe.
• East kweAfrica kumavirira.
• Hwokumusoro uye kuchamhembe-yokumadokero Australia kumabvazuva.
• The nechekuchamhembe Antarctic kumaodzanyemba.

Kuti kutaridzwa chaiwo nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean, unofanira mepu. It inogonawo kushandiswa panguva mharidzo. Saka, mvura nzvimbo ine zvinotevera Coordonatele panyika mepu: 14 ° 05'33.68 "rwezasi Latitude uye 76 ° 18'38.01" mabvazuva.

Maererano neimwe shanduro, vaiona penyanza kokutanga ambonzi iri Indian mubasa yechiPutukezi musayendisiti S. Münster inonzi "Cosmography", yakabudiswa muna 1555.

mamiriro

The zvachose nzvimbo Indian Ocean , kufungisisa zvose makungwa, yaisanganisira yayo sezvamunoita, akaenzana 76.174.000 mativi mamita. km kudzika (avhareji) kunopfuura zviuru 3.7. metres, uye kufadza hwakanyorwa pachiyero anopfuura 7700 mamita.

The nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean ine maitiro ayo. Nokuda guru kukura, ndiko mashoma okunze zvikamu. Uyewo kuteerera kukura mvura yacho. Somuenzaniso, kufadza upamhi riri pakati Bay Linde uye Torosova akakamanikana. It Anotambanudza kubva kumabvazuva kusvikira kumavirira anenge 12 zviuru. Km. Kana tikatarisa penyanza kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba, chinonyanya chinoratidza zvinobva Cape of Ras-Judd kuna Antarctica. kure ichi akaenzana 10.2 zviuru. Km.

Features mvura

By kudzidza nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean, zvakakodzera kufunga nemiganhu yayo. Chokutanga, tinoona kuti yose mvura nzvimbo iri kumabvazuva hemisphere. Kubva kuchamhembe-rutivi rwokumavirira zvinonzi bordered nokuda kuAtlantic Ocean. Kuti aone nzvimbo ino pamepu, unofanira kuwana 20 ° Meridian iri. d. Muganhu Pacific Ocean kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva. Nepano 147 ° mu Longitude. d. With kweArctic Ocean Indian asina yakashuma. muganhu wayo rwokumusoro chikuru kondinendi - Eurasia.

Sechivako nemhenderekedzo ane simba dismemberment. Pane bays akawanda makuru uye makungwa 8. Islands vari vashoma. The Kudeuka - Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Kuria-Muria, Madagascar nevamwe.

pasi gandiwa

Zvinoitwa nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean haangavi kwakakwana kana asina kufunga peculiarities rokuyamura.

Central Indian Ridge - chinhu pemvura inotungamirwa iri nechepakati chikamu nzvimbo. Kureba anenge 2.3 zviuru. Km. Upamhi zvokuyamura inotungamirwa uri mukati 800? Km. Urefu Range - .. More pane zviuru chimwe metres Vamwe nenhongonya protrude kubva mvura vaumbe chitsuwa kuputika.

Southwest Indian Ridge iri kumaodzanyemba-dzokumadokero chikamu munyanza. Pano pane ichiwedzerwa zvizivikanwe nemichina basa. Kureba muhomba -. Vanenge 4 zviuru? Km. Asi zviri seduku upamhi kumativi yapfuura hafu.

Arabian-Indian Ridge - imwe pasi pemvura ruyamuro inotungamirwa. It riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero munzvimbo chikamu nzvimbo. Its kureba zvishoma pane 4 chiuru? Km nohupamhi -. 650? Km. At endpoint (pamusoro. Rodriguez) rinobva muna Central Indian Ridge.

Pasi Indian Ocean une Cretaceous sediments. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo pakukora kusvika 3 km. Gobvu muchimwiro ane kureba vanenge 4500? Km pakureba, uye yakafara zvichisiyana 10 kusvika 50 km. Akadana Javanese. gomba udzamu - 7729 M (zvepamusoro ndeuke kuIndian Ocean).

okunze zvinhu

Mumwe ezvinhu anokosha pakugadzirwa okunze ndiko nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean kunhivi neequator. It anokamura mvura muzvikamu zviviri (makurusa iri kumaodzanyemba). Sezvingatarisirwa, izvi urongwa kunokanganisa nokufamba kupisa uye kunonaya. The soro tembiricha akanyorwa mvura yeGungwa Dzvuku uye Persian Gulf. Pane avhareji chiratidzo kuna +35 ° C. Zvino Kumaodzanyemba pfungwa tembiricha inogona akadonhedza kuna - 16 ° C muna yechando uye muzhizha kuti -4 inegumi.

Nechekuchamhembe penyanza iri inopisa rokufambira, saka mvura ayo pakati akanyanya kupisa munyanza. Pano dzinowanzotsigi- kuchinjwa kondinendi Asian. Nokuda kuitika kuchamhembe chikamu pane mwaka miviri chete - kubva kuchipisa muzhizha kuchinaya uye kwete chando risina makore chando. With Panyaya iri Equatorial vematunhu, mvura muchikamu chino okunze inoramba kumbochinja zvachose rose gore.

Tichifunga nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean, zvinokosha kuziva kuti kupfuura chikamu zviri pachena kuti mhepo. Kubva ichi tinogona kugumisa kuti okunze aumbwa ainyanya nokuda monsoon. akasimbisa nzvimbo chete pasi kumanikidzwa muzhizha pamusoro penyika uye napamusoro pegungwa - kumusoro. Mwaka uyu nemadhaka monsoon ane mirayiridzo kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva. In yechando, zvinhu zviri kuchinja, uye anotanga kuti kudzora yakaoma monsoon runobva kumabvazuva uye kutamira kumadokero.

Kumaodzanyemba ezvinhu ari zvikuru mvura nharaunda sezvo iri kunyunguduka mapazi. Pano, gungwa rinokanganisa napedyo kuna Antarctica. Nemhenderekedzo ari Continental avhareji tembiricha ndee pana kumativi -1,5 ° C, uye muganhu buoyancy chando rinosvika 60 ° dzakafanana.

To muchidimbu

The nenzvimbo nzvimbo Indian Ocean - a nyaya inokosha chaizvo kuti rinofanira vainyatsotarisirwa. Nokuda panzvimbo guru kukura mvura nzvimbo mune zvakawanda zvinhu. Pamwe nemhenderekedzo vazhinji kune mawere, estuaries, pazvitsuwa zvacho, nekorari kumboongororwa. Uyewo kucherechedza, uye zvitsuwa kufanana Madagascar, Socotra, Maldives. Ndivo nzvimbo nyika yekare. Uye Andaman, Nicobar rakabva anoputika kumuka pemvura.

Ndanyatsomuongorora yaida zvinhu, mudzidzi mumwe achakwanisa kupa mharidzo dzawo uye hunakidze.