Thomism ndechokuti? Definition uye zvinoreva

Philosophy - sayenzi kuti pave guru uwandu makakatanwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, pano unogona nguva dzose kuwana nzvimbo pfungwa. A yakawanda vazivi kwemazana emakore mumutsetse akapa dzidziso dzavo uye pfungwa. Panguva yavo guru uwandu. Uye vazhinji vavo vakazoenda chitendero. Pamwe kusatendera, deism, Thomism Thomism nezvimwe zvisikwa.

Chii?

Thomism - masayendisiti pfungwa mukutenda Catholic, akagadzira akakurumbira muzivi Thomas Aquinas. Sezvo dzidziso iyi anonzi fomizmom. Kazhinji pfungwa iyi inonzi theistic kududzirwa Aristotelian. All dzinokosha Dzidziso Aquinas akaratidza mubasa rake "Summa Theologica". Zvinonzi pfungwa izvi hazvisi canons nerutendo, asi kutoti Indaneti kuti kunzwisisa pfungwa tichibatsirwa chikonzero.

nyaya

Pashure nechitarisiko maonero ichi akatanga kunyenga imwe nzvimbo. Aquinas Thomism akanga akakurumbira muDominican Order. In rechi15 uzivi remakore zvikamuka, pane chinhu chakadai scholasticism. Rinotanga kuumbika muna Thomism. Zvadaro pfungwa iyi anotanga ive akawanda mirayiridzo. Pane kugamuchirwa uye Renaissance Thomism. Wokutanga anoramba kukura chinhu chiri pane kushayikwa mazuvaano. Wechipiri kunosanganisira kwetunhu Thomism chete mutsva nepfungwa humanistic.

Panzira, kuti Renaissance Thomism yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Spanish, nekuti kwakanga pakutanga wokurera Dominican Francisco de Vitoria, uye pashure - the wechechi yeRoma Fransisko Suaresom. Last ndaiedza zvimwe zvinodavirwa muchitendero realism ane pfungwa. Akaedza kutendeutsa zvose dzisiri pfungwa dzinongoitika sayenzi kuongorora. Uyezve, iyi mananara maviri akaedza pakutanga kuti zviparadzanise kubatanidzwa panguva imwe chete.

A itsva danho nhoroondo yave kuzivikanwa kuti Thomism - ndiwo chaiwo kubva Catholic dzidziso. mubvunzo uyu yakamutswa Pope Leo XIII mu encyclical yake. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1879. Zvadaro gwaro iri rinokosha vakava rokumanikidzirwa kudzidza muchikoro chimwe nechimwe pakunamata.

dangamusha

Achitaura pamusoro pfungwa iyi, hatigoni kutaura shoko pamusoro wake "baba." Muvambi Thomism - Foma Akvinsky - anofungidzirwa vakaberekerwa 1225. Aiva muzivi uye nyanzvi muItaly. Kuwedzera pabasa chokuita Thomism, achiri kuroorana uye systematization pamusoro scholasticism, aiva mudzidzisi Church, nhengo Dominican Order.

Nechekare Makore akawanda pashure pokufa kwake, muna 1879, akanga aiziva somumwe vazivi inokosha uye simba yeRoma. vakabudirira ake akudzwa kuedza kubatanidza dzidziso yechiKristu Aristotelianism. Uyezve, akakwanisa kuumba uye kutaura uchapupu shanu Mwari ariko.

mwoyo

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Thomism - a chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda pfungwa kuti inogona kududzirwa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro dzidziso iyi, wakati familiarized nedzidziso yokuti ruzivo. Chinhu bvumidzwa chokubatanidza Thomism pamwe nedzidziso yokuva. Uye kusonganira pamwe sayenzi evanhu. Pane yepasi pose maonero pamusoro musimboti dzidziso, uyewo chokuita enyika maonero.

Dzidziso ruzivo

Thomism zvoruzivo - ndiwo pfungwa dzakaoma kuti vanoedza chokubatanidza chii kare hazvaigona kuisa pamwechete. Uyewo, dzidziso iyi rinotsvaga kusiyanisa uzivi uye zvechitendero. Aquinas aidavira kuti mumutsetse wokutanga akanga nyaya "chokwadi rokufunga", apo rechipiri - "chokwadi kuzarurirwa."

Muzivi aiva nechokwadi chokuti kutenda uye chikonzero haagoni zvikuru vaishora. Zvose izvi pfungwa dzinobva Mwari, uye saka havasi dzinopesana. Thomism zvinoreva kuti uzivi ari "muranda" edzidzo sekuda pfungwa womunhu yakaderera pamberi uchenjeri hwaMwari. Dzidziso iyi anodudzira chokwadi sezvo matsamba kwepfungwa uye zvinhu.

Achitaura pamusoro pfungwa, Thomism anoda zvine mwero realism. It kumusimbisa ake munguva Aristotle. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinoitwa chinhu ayo zvikuru hunhu. Izvozvo zvakafanana chaizvo sezvo vakadaro haako. Saka, chikuru yokungotaura tsanangudzo dziri kuumbwa matatu yezvisikwa:

• wokutanga anonzi "zvinhu" uye ndiwo pfungwa yaMwari;
• chechipiri - "muzvinhu" - zvinoreva mukuru hunhu zvinhu;
• uye "zvinhu" zviri kubatwa somunhu pfungwa dzevanhu kukwanisa kubvisa zvinhu kubva nyaya uye chimiro pfungwa.

kuva

masayendisiti Vakawanda vanoziva Thomism, vaiona kuti dzidziso iyi kwakafanana ontology. Ndizvo kudzidza kufara ndiko kubatana pakati pfungwa mbiri. Nokudaro Thomist kupatsanura mikuru tsanangudzo dzakawanda ontology.

Pfungwa inokosha mukudzidzisa yokuva Thomism ndiro chokwadi Mwari ariko. Uye pfungwa iyi haisi dzinokosha, uyewo inopa uye rinotsanangura simba zvimwe zvinhu. Mwari ndiye Kuzadziswa ariko.

Uzivi Fomy Akvinskogo, Thomism zvikurukuru, vaiudza yokuti Chaizvoizvo uye kuvapo. Vanogona -enderana, asi kana totaura zvinhu. Asi kufanana chaiye kunokwanisika chete muna Mwari. Saka, dzidziso rinoratidza kuti unhu - ndiwo mukana chinhu, asi kuvapo - ndiwo chokwadi.

vanhu

Thomism - dzidziso iyo unosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana vamwe anoranga. Saka, kana iwe kusvika nyaya kubva anthropological nemaonero, fomizm anoona munhu ave raora muviri uye mweya. Kana kutoti - Anobvumirana mubatanidzwa. Tinoziva kubva mamwe nouzivi, kuti mweya - hazvina basa uye ndiyo fuma. Asi nemhaka muviri rikawira yokupedzisira Implementation.

Saka, tinonzwisisa kuti mweya ndiwo motokari rehondo muviri wayo kwemisha chimiro. Aquinas aidavira kuti unoramba pashure porufu. Kunze chokwadi kuti yakazvimirira pamuviri, zviri haufi.

Zviya, ane anthropological nemaonero unoratidzwa nenzira chinyorwa pamusoro Thomism. Nokuda dzidziso iyi inozivikanwa kuti mweya une huru mbiri Mabasa: ruzivo uye kuda. Saka, kutanga - ndicho chinangwa, uye wechipiri - kuzadzisa. Pakarepo zvabuda sarudzo intellectualism. Sezvo 21 fung chinyorwa "chikonzero kupfuura kutenda."

nzvimbo

Nokuda shoma ruzivo Fomy Akvinskogo, uye zvechokwadi vanhu vose nguva, nzvimbo iri Thomism akanga achimiririrwa pamanera. Muzivi vaidavira kuti padariro rokutanga nyika zvisikwa inorganic, zvinomera etc. dziri, uchiteverwa mhuka, murume, nezuva rechishanu mudariro - ngirozi, uye pamusoro zvose ndiMwari. Haasi chete nhamba, uye chikonzero, chinangwa vose uye sundry.

Ethics uye Politics

Sezvambotaurwa, Thomism - dzidziso kuti hwapinda mukati mabhora ose. Kubva pano vakaenda uye yetsika uye enyika maonero. Ivo akaumba munhu Thomistic tsika. chinangwa Its chikuru ndiko kududzirwa. Kureva, maererano Aquinas, kuti romunhu chiito zvakanaka, zvinokosha kuzviisa pasi chinangwa chakanaka.

Pfungwa iyi resonates neBhaibheri pamusoro pfungwa, rinotaura kuti kana munhu aine vavariro dzakanaka, zvino mupenyu Grace Divine. Zviya, Thomism zvinoratidza kuti simba - haisi chido. Ungangove, ndiko unyanzvi chakanaka.

zvakagadzirwa

Thomism uye chiNazi Thomism vari pedyo chaizvo. Tinogona kutaura kuti dzidziso mbiri idzi zvakafanana. The musiyano chete - panguva penguva. Chokwadi kuti chiNazi Thomism - haisi pfungwa, asi pamutemo muuzivi vaKaturike nguva kubva 1879 kusvika 1962.

Idzidziso itsva iyi kunyanya anosimbisa hwemanyorero hwakanaka uye kuvapo. Wokutanga chinomiririrwa Mwari, uye wechipiri - zvisikwa. Saka, Mwari ndiye chikonzero chokutanga, chinhu - a kwetunhu kwenyaya uye chimiro, uye muitiro - sangano potentiality kuti chokwadi. Zvino kukurumbira idzi dzinokura maviri yava duku zvikuru. Hapana chakavanzika zvakawanda vokuEurope vari kuva hakuna Musiki.