Uglich Kremlin: address, photo, history

Imwe yezvinhu zve Golden Ring yeRussia ndiro guta reUuglich. Icho chinosungirwa kumira kwezvikepe zvekutyaira zvinofamba pamwe chete neVolga. Gore negore zviuru zvevatariri vanoshanyira Uglich, uye vazhinji vavo vanobva kune imwe nyika. Guta rekare rakamboita basa guru munhoroondo yeRussia. Somuenzaniso, mauri bazi reimba yamambo raRyurikovich rakagurwa, iro rakapa nguva yakareba ye Matambudziko. Asi kunyange pasina mamiriro ezvinhu aya, Uglich angadai akafanirwa kushanyira. Muguta rino, mamiriyoni akawanda ekare akachengetedzwa, achimiririra mienzaniso yakaisvonaka yekuvakwa kweRussia. Asi chinonyanya kukoshesa kunzvimbo iyi ndiyo Uglich Kremlin. Mufananidzo wechidziro ichi, chakakwirira pamhenderekedzo yakarurama yeVolga, inoshumira sekadhi yekushanyira yeguta racho. Muchikamu chino tichaita rwendo rwese rwakazara mukati memakore emakore: tichashanyira makamuri emachinda uye chechi yeDmitry-on-the-Blood, tichaona "vakatapwa" bhero, tichanzwa kukosha kwenzvimbo iyi yeRussia.

Nzira yekuenda sei

Vashanyi vachave nyore kuwana Uglich Kremlin. Ita yeimba iyi yeimba-museum "haisi imba uye haisi yemugwagwa". Guta iri mu Yaroslavl region (Russian Federation), uye Kremlin - mune imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro ye Uglich. Ikopi yepositi yechinhu ndeye 152615. Unogona kusvika kuguta nechitima kana nebhazi. Vanobva kuMoscow (kubva kunzvimbo yepamusoro "Botanichesky Sad") kuRubbinsk. Vari kupfuura Uglich. Kubva muguta guru rebhazi kuSchchololvovo kuguta reGolide Ring katatu nezuva zuva ndege dzinoenda. Uye, pakupedzisira, chitima. Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yekutakura kwevanhu, kunyanya kana uchironga kutenderera kwevhiki yekuzvimirira. Kuumbwa kwe "Moscow-Uglich" kubva musi weChishanu manheru kubva kuSavelovsky station. Kana uchida kufamba nemotokari yako, nzira kuenda kuKremlin inotora maawa anenge mana. Tinofanira kutanga tekisi kuenda kuJeoslavl mugwagwa uye enda kuM8 kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo Sergiev Posad, uye enda kuP104. Iwe unogona kusarudza imwe nzira: pamwe chete neA104 (Dmitrovskoye Shosse) tisati tasvika kuTaddom, uye zvino-pamwe chete nezviratidzo zveKalyazin.

Kwokugara kupi

Kana uchida kuongorora zvakadzama Uglich Kremlin, tinokukurudzira iwe kuti usarudze hotera "Uspenskaya". Iri hotera rinomiririra zvakatarisana nezvakaitika uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka. Imyuziyamu inoshanda kubva papfumbamwe mangwanani kusvika kusvika matanhatu manheru. Munguva inotonhora (May-Gumiguru) inoshanda pasina masikati uye kupedza kwemasikati. Kubva munaNovember kusvika kuApril musemuyo wakavharwa musi weMuvhuro neChipiri.

The Uglich Kremlin: nhau

Nzira dzekugara kwekutanga dzinodzokera kune zana remakore rechigumi. Yaiva panguva iyoyo Ian Pleskovich, mutungamiri mukuru, akakumbira Olga mvumo yekuvaka pahombekombe yakakwirira yeVolga guta rakapoteredzwa nehurongwa hwezvombo. Mukati maiva nemigwagwa uye dzimba, machechi uye zvikwata. Zvose izvi zvakange zvakapoteredzwa nemasvingo ematanda ane matanda ane shongwe gumi neimwe. IUglich Kremlin yakavakwa pakati pezvikwata zveVolga: rukova rwebwe uye murwizi Shelkovka. Mukuwedzera, dongo rinosangana aya maviri emvura mitsetse yakachekwa. Saka Kremlin yakasimuka sechitsuwa chinosangana nenyika yekunze nemabhiriji. Masvingo nezvivako mukati meimba yakange iri matanda. Iye zvino kusvikika kweKremlin kunoratidzwa chete nemhepo yakaoma. Muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu, mutungamiri wehurumende Andrey Goriay akatanga chivako chikuru munharaunda yake. Kunyanya, akarayira kuvakwa kwedzimba dzemabwe uye zvimwe zvivako mukati memhuri yake. Asi kupindira kwePoland kwakaparadza zvivako. Chikamu chiduku chekamuri chemuchinda chakasara, iyo inowanikwa muenzaniso wakawanda wekuvakwa kwemaRussia echekare.

Uglich uye mukuru wechidiki

Nekusimbiswa kwekutonga kwemutemo uye kuwedzerwa kwehutungamiri hweUuglich neMoscow, imba yevaimbova vatongi yakatanga kushandiswa sehugaro hwevatongi veTsarist. Asi muna 1584 akashanda senzvimbo yekudzinga mudzimai wekupedzisira weIvan the Terrible, Maria Nagoya. Vakadzi vaviri veumambo vakanga vasina korona, sezvo mambo akanga atova nemichato yakawanda kare. Nokudaro, kodzero dzechigaro choumwanakomana muduku waMaria, Dmitry, aigona panguva ipi zvayo kubvunzwa. Ivan aityisa akafa apo Tsarevich aiva nemakore maviri chete. Mwanakomana wedangwe waJohn IV, Fyodor I., akabatana pachigaro, uye itsva Tsar akatumira chirikadzi yake yechirikadzi nehafu yehama kune Uglich Kremlin. Uye akadzidziswa kuti avatevere kumadhikoni akatendeka Mikhail Bityagovsky. MunaMay 1591, mutongi ane makore masere akawanikwa achinge avharwa. Sezvo Fedor akanga asina vana vemurume, chizvarwa cheRurikovichs chakapera. Nguva yeMatambudziko uye kutsvaga kweDhema Dmitrists kwakatanga.

Kutumwa bell

Nezvo izvo muMoscow vanoda kusarudza jaya guru, ivo vave vachigunun'una muUgliki kwenguva refu. Mamiriro ekufa kwemwana akanga asina kunyatsojeka. Vamwe vakataura kuti Tsarevich Dmitry akabatana nevezera rake mukukanda mapanga, sezvo aive nekurwiswa kwe "kuwira" (epilepsie), sechikonzero chekuti akarova nehuro pake pachake. Asi vahosi nemukoma wake vakadzivirira shanduro yechipupuriro ndokudana mwanakomana ane mhosva yemadhikoni, Danil Bityagovsky. Somugumisiro, vanhu vakashatirwa vakagumburwa ava Muscovites maviri. Mazuva mashomanana gare gare dare rekutsvaga rakasvika richibva kuguta guru (Vasily Shuisky rakabatanidzwawo mune zvarakarongeka, gare gare rikava tsar). Akabvuma kuti kufa kwechitubu chiduku kwakakonzerwa nenjodzi. Uye panguva yekutambudzika vanhu veguta vakapindura zvakakwana. Vanopfuura mazana maviri vanhu vakaurayiwa. Akabatwa uye Uglich Kremlin, kana kuti-panzvimbo-bell tower. Kubva kwaari "Fedot Cucumber, chirikadzi pop" yakaridza alarm, ichizivisa nezvekufa kwaDmitry nekudaro ichitsvaka kuurayiwa kwevaurayi vake. Uye saka "bhero" yakabviswa kubva bhero risina kunaka, vakabvisa "mutauro" ndokumuendesa kune imwe nyika kuTobolsk. Akadzoka kubva kune imwe rudzi rwekutapwa muna 1892 chete.

Chechi yeDhemetrios-on-the-Blood

Panzvimbo iyo iyo jinda romuviri rakafa, kechipiri chiduku chematanda chakakurumidza kuvakwa. Muna 1630 kereke yakavakwa munzvimbo yayo. Akange akaitwawo nematanda. Muna 1690 yakashandurwa nechivakwa chebwe, chatinogona kuona ikozvino. Chechi yeDmitry-on-the-Blood muenzaniso wakanaka wekuvakwa kweRussia. Inoumbwa netemberi, nzvimbo yekucherechedza, bharanda uye bell tower. Uye korona chimiro chezvitsvuku zvitema misoro mitanhatu.

IUglich Kremlin nechechi yeDmitry-on-the-Blood ndiyo imwe chete. Icho chivara chitsvuku uye chena chechechi chinopindirana zvakakwana nemitambo-miviri, zvigadzirwa zvemakona nemakona. Muchikati chechechi iwe unofanirwa kutarisa frescoes yezana remakore rechigumi nemanomwe. Havasi zvachose kanononical. Zvinoratidzira rufu rweZerevich Dmitry, pamwe nekuurayiwa kwevaurayi vake. Mifananidzo yeiyo yekucherechedza inowedzera. Ikoko unogona kuona mifananidzo yebhaibheri nyaya. Pakamira pasi pachechi yeDmitry-on-Blood inosungirirwachetechete "kutapwa" bhero.

The Uglich Kremlin: makamuri makuru

Icho chiyeuchidzo chakasiyana-siyana chekugadzirwa kwevanhu vekare kare. Sezvatatotaura kare, imba yamambo yakavakwa muzana remakore gumi namashanu nehanzvadzi yaIvan III, muchinda weUglich Andrey Gorya (Bolshoy). Mazhinji emakamuri akaparadzwa nemaPoles. Vanochera matongo vakawana chete nheyo dzemasvingo, akafukidzwa nehupamhi hwakawanda hwejasi nemhangura. Moto wacho wakapona chikamu chiduku cheimba yamambo, yakavakwa nematombo makuru matsvuku. Iyi chivako chine nhatu nhatu nekamberi kwebereki nemicheka yakaisvonaka. Inotungamirira kuimba. Muchitsime chechivako pane makamuri maviri, uye padhoro repiri - matatu. Pamusoro-soro pane imba huru yakazara nedenga, yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo. Mushure mokufa kwakaipisisa kwe Tsarevich Dmitry mumakamuri, hakuna munhu akararama. Vakanga vachinetseka, uye vakatofunga nezvekuvabvisa. Asi zvakadaro muna 1892 vakadzorerwa. Zvadaro zvakagadziriswa kugadzira Uglich Kremlin-Museum. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yevhareji yemakamuri emapurisa hauna chokwadi. Yakavakwa mukati mekupera kwegumi nemapfumbamwe nemazana nemapurani N. Sultanov.

The Transfiguration and Epiphany Cathedrals

Kune dzimwe zvivako zveSraal munharaunda yeUglich Kremlin. Ichishanduko cheKathedral muenzaniso unoshamisa wechikoro chemazana zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemazana makumi mashanu (1700) muYaroslavl. Iyi temberi mitanhatu inotaridzika inoonekwa inenge ichibva kumativi ese eguta. Kunyanya kunakidza chikamu chekumaodzanyemba, chakashongedzwa nemaruva uye maruva anoiswa zvishongo. Kunyange zvakadaro, portico mumweya wekugadzirira, yakavakwa muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, zvimwe zvisingakodzeri mubatanidzwa. Mukatikati kunokosha kwekugadzirwa kworusvingo, yakagadzirwa naSerf Golitsyn, mumwe T. Medvedev. Kunyanya pedyo neKushandurwa kweMuponesi ndiKathedral Epiphany yeUglich Kremlin. Yakagamuchirwa semutemberi yekunamata kwechando. Kuvakwa kwekereke iyi iyi yakaitwa kubva muna 1814 kusvika muna 1827. Tembere yacho inouraya zvachose mumutauro weklassicism. Chivako chine mahwindo makuru, chigadziko chayo chinodzwa nemapilaster, uye dzose denga rakapetwa kaviri rinopfekedzwa korona. Ku temberi inobatanidza chimiro chechimiro chechimiro uye neberere duku rine portico.

Museum of Antiquities

IUglich Kremlin, iyo mifananidzo inowanzova yekutengeserana kwakanakisisa kwekufamba-famba muNorth Ring, inozivikanwawo nokuti iri musemu yekare. Chiratidzo chekutanga chakasunungurwa muna 1892 nekubatanidzwa kwehama yemambo, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich nemudzimai wake. Pakutanga, kutsanangurwa kwaiva neimba imwe chete paimba yepiri yemakamuri emadzishe. Zvishoma nezvishoma kukohwa kwakakura. Iye zvino musimamende inobatwa nechechi yeDmitry-on-the-Blood. Mune dhipatimendi inochengeterwa zvivako zvakabatanidzwa nerufu uye kugadziriswa kwevasina mhosva Dmitry. Paguru rechitatu remakamuri emapurisa, munhu anogona kuona yaAgulich yekare: zvishongo zvesirivha, zvigadzirwa zvemapuranga zvakagadzirwa nematanda, uye zvigunwe zvekunyorera.