Vakapfuma boka munyika. The vakapfuma Makambani

Chero kambani akasikwa aine chinangwa bedzi mumwe chete - kugamuchira dzakakwirira mari yavo mabasa. Nhungamiro umo basa chekambani kwaitwa, kungava Chokwadi, chero, asi ose vakadzikama musoro kambani hombe ine yose nomukurumbira chero nyaya zvechokwadi kuva chirongwa hwakadzama, vanoomerera Implementation mabasa. Munyaya ino tichatarisa nhasi chii vakapfuma kambani munyika, uyo Rinotarisira uye chii chaizvo anoita. Kuchavawo mazita masangano avo vane zvinzvimbo kutungamirira munyika Rating wevanhu vakapfuma makambani.

The basa guru

Kudzidza chepamusoro ari vakapfuma makambani nyika, zviri nyore kuona kuti munhu asina mano, kuti kune zuva (kuva chaiwo, pakupera 2015) iri hunodzorwa chaizvo makambani avo, chinhu chikuru muupenyu izvo michina yemazuva ano uye avo vanoshingaira Implementation hwedu upenyu guru. Uyewo pachikwata, unogona kuwana makambani munyaya maindasitiri nemauto, mafuta uye gasi, mishonga, mutengi, foni, mari. Panguva iyoyowo vakapfuma kambani munyika, ane zita uchanzi pazasi, ndizvo zvakanaka mberi kwayo vepedyo vakwikwidzi pamusoro kukura kwayo capitalization. Hazvishamisi kuti zvizivikanwe haisi chinonyanya mukuru, asi akakwanisa kupukunyuka sezvo Mhedziso mutungamiri tichitarisa rokutengesa, uye mitemo mari.

akarumwa apuro

Ndiyo Logo vakasarudzwa vakapfuma kambani munyika woga. zita rake - Apple. It akaonekwa 1976, uye creators yayo Stiv Voznyak, Stiv Dzhobs uye Ronald Ueyn. Kugadzirwa mukuru-mabasa michina kombiyuta, phones, Laptops, mapiritsi uye nezvimwe kukura kwakadaro anonzi huru achitungamirirwa kambani. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvigadzirwa zvose Apple kunoratidzwa nyore, kurerukirwa uye Accessibility nokuda zvikamu zvose vemo. The boka iri chaizvo godo runorinda zvose hwokugadzira zvavo achangobuda kuitika kubva huripo vakwikwidzi, kunyatsotevera monitors nokunaka kugadzirwa zvinhu, nguva dzose okutanga nehoro itsva. The kambani anewo akawandisa patents kuti kukura software.

Panguva iyoyo, Apple Inc. ane chikuru profitability munyika kwenhamba zvigadzirwa vakatengesa, magadzirirwo uye pamwero nomukurumbira. Kwazvo uye kuti kambani haagumiri pamusoro kubudirira zvabuda uye inongogara kuedza kuenderera mberi pasinei norufu rimwe Pfungwa vatungamiriri - Steve Jobs. Somugumisiro, Apple zvinofungidzirwa pa mabhiriyoni 748,7 US emadhora.

The brainchild pamusoro Warren Buffett

Berkshire Hathaway kambani yakatanga pamukwidzwa wayo rworukundo kuna Olympus wenyika kutengeserana muna 1962, panguva iyoyo vachiri zvishoma-anozivikanwa investor Buffett, tichicherechedza zvakanaka ikure Whitehead Textile fekitari, uye akaisa kana mari dzavo mariri.

Nhasi, Berkshire Hathaway zvakawanda zvakachinja kwayo kwakaita mabasa. Zvino iye ari mubasa twa kurapa njanji chokufambisa, confectionery yemakambani, zvishongo mabhizimisi, rokubudisa dzimba, Vagadziri vacuüm cleaners uye mabhizimisi nhau. tsvimbo chekambani rinowanika anenge mazana maviri nezviviri vashandi. Zvichitevera migumisiro 2015, vesangano guru rakava cheshanu munyika kuera ane guta guru mabhiriyoni 351,2 emadhora.

multipronged Zirume

Muna 1878, General Electric rakavambwa. Mumwe havaoni ayo akanga Thomas Edison pachake - the kunozivikanwa muvambi uye innovator. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kambani mubasa zvaAtemisi incandescent mwenje. In kambani yanhasi chinotarisa munzvimbo dzakawanda, anoti:

• Medicine.
• Energy.
• Transport.
• Lighting michina.
• Aviation.
• Finance.

Kunonyanya kukonzerwa ichi siyana ebhizimisi wechaunga yakauya repfumbamwe panzvimbo munyika tichitarisa guru pamwe indekisi mabhiriyoni 275,4 emadhora.

bhizimisi Family

Mumwe makambani inozivikanwa zvikuru American Johnson uye Johnson yakabuda muna 1886 kuburikidza nesimba Johnson hama - Robert, Edward uye James. Mazuva ano, boka rinotungamirirwa Aleks Gorski.

The chokutanga nzvimbo zvakadzama wekambani nhasi vari:

• Kugadzirwa yezvokurapa michina uye zvokushandisa.
• Kugadzirwa nevatengi nhumbi.
• Pharmaceutics.

Mukuwedzera, kambani muridzi mamwe mavanga mazhinji, kusanganisira akanyorwa uye vamwe pezvitsiga kupfuura zvenyika akadai: Nizoral, Nicorette, Ob, Zvakachena & Clear nevamwe.

The kuitika capitalization of Johnson uye Johnson ari mabhiriyoni 277,3 emadhora, iyo, akavapindurawo, akabvumira kuti kupinda wechisere mutsetse kwenyika chepamusoro.

Titan komesi

Wal-Mart Stores - mumwe mumiririri United States of America, iyo yakavapo muna 1962 nokuda kuedza Sam Walton.

The chikuru basa wekambani - zviri chitoro, apo unogona kutenga sezvariri zvose kubva tsono kuti mutengi midziyo yemagetsi iri hofori muzvitoro. chitoro nemanyorerwo zvinonzwisisika chero ano murume - hypermarkets, kuti pakuva unova mutengo yakaderera zvikuru, unogona kunyange kutaura Wholesale. Ichi chinoratidza Wal-Mart Stores zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti mune avo misha apo akazarura kupfuura pfungwa waakazvitengesa wekambani, mimwe zvitoro zviduku kazhinji yakavharwa, asingakwanisi kukwikwidzana Rafa.

Kwakatarwa wekambani pakupera 2015 vakasvika mabhiriyoni 240,4. Dollars. yakawanda guru kwakadaro vakauya US wezvokutengeserana romugungwa pamutsetse 15 ndokunge Rating.

The mafuta uye gasi chindingindingi

The kambani paHebhuroni - chikuru US simba boka, iyo anonyanya mumabasa mafuta uye gasi kugadzirwa. uyewo anoita kubudiswa pakugadzira zvinhu, basa uye anotsigira mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka guru richikurukura ichizadza zvechitima. Kambani hwakagadzwa kare kure nesu muna 1879. Munguva yedu, weboard of directors iri inotungamirwa Dzhon Vatson. Zvakanga zvikuru nemhaka chacho vanoshingaira nzvimbo Kambani akakwanisa kusvika padanho capitalization mabhiriyoni 192,9 emadhora uye danda kutaura kuti chinzvimbo chepamusoro ari vakapfuma makambani munyika.

We vanotaurawo yokuti paHebhuroni ndiyo yechipiri pakukura Integrated mafuta dzesangano munyika. Makuru Houston. Uyezve, 40% kuti painocheneserwa dzenyika kushandisa hydraulic mafuta kubudiswa michina sezvinorondedzerwa kambani paHebhuroni.

Vanoburitsa pakukura michini (DaimlerChrysler, nomupedzachose, Cummins) achishingaira kushandisa paHebhuroni lubricants uye yokuvirisa.

Mupi IT-mabasa

IBM Company - mugadziri wokutanga makombiyuta munyika. US Zirume anozivikanwa munyika yose. Unobereka zvokushandisa servers, mukuru-kumhanya makombiyuta, zvirongwa, hurongwa kuchengeta dzakasiyana-siyana data, anopa Consulting mabasa. Mune dzimwe nzira, IBM - mureza, izvo nezvatinovavarira mamwe makambani zvakafanana, nokuti padanho basa raro prohibitively yakakwirira, uye basa rine vectors zvikuru zvitatu:

• Global Services - kudzorwa uye kurapa mafomu siyana, kuti Implementation Gadziriro kusangana. Munzvimbo iyi yebasa kunosanganisira vanenge 200 zviuru vashandi.
• Development zvirongwa. basa iri anotipa 25% kuti purofiti ayo.
• Production servers.

Munguva yedu chokwadi vakanga vanofungidzirwa mabhiriyoni 167,1 emadhora (42 nzvimbo munyika chepamusoro).

Above zvakanga dzakanyorwa vakapfuma kambani munyika, uye zvingava nomusoro zvikuru kutaura pamusoro sirivha ndarira "mubayiro vakundi" mumakwikwi iri padanho guru.

Saka, wechipiri uchitungamirira Microsoft Corporation pamwe vakanyoresa guta guru mabhiriyoni 380,7 emadhora. musiki Its munhu chinozivikanwa dzakawanda Bill Geyts, uyo akatanga kuratidza kambani muna 1975 kumusika nyika. Nhasi, Microsoft - mumwe vaitungamirira Vagadziri kombiyuta Hardware uye software. The kambani yakatangawo tsvakiridzo hurongwa Bing.

"Bronze" akaendawo kunyika guru kutsvaka maitiro - Google. Kwakatarwa wekambani yaiva mabhiriyoni 367,9 emadhora. Anopfuura mabhiriyoni 41 queries tsvakiridzo injini pezvakaitwa mwedzi ose uye ari kuonekwa munzvimbo ino ine mutungamiri wenyika.