Vanhu hove Central Russia. ounyanzvi Russian

vanhu Russian kare yakashongedzwa misha yavo yakasiyana rwokugadzira uye mukaravhani zvinhu. Masters akaita zvigadzirwa zvavo kakawanda kwete runako, zvose zvinhu zvine chinangwa chavo hunobatsira. Made dzinongoitika zvinhu - huni, ivhu uye ibwe - akaita mabasa ounyanzvi. Unyanzvi, kugadzira nzira uye muchivande nzira yaiita pasi. Munyaya ino uchadzidza kuti vanhu vagotengeseranamo muCentral Russia kwave zvikuru nevanhu.

Sei vanhu kuchinjanisa?

Various Crafts vakatanga kubuda ari 15-16 emakore fung. Nguva iyi chokuita nokuberekwa zvavo unyanzvi. Zvishoma Papera, muzana remakore rechi17, mhizha vakatanga kusika anokosha rwokugadzira okutengesa. Yose mumisha uye nemisha vaishanda pakugadzira zvavo handicraft zvigadzirwa.

Nei vanhu vagotengeseranamo muCentral Russia akatanga kukudziridza? Chikonzero chacho chiri pachena - chando uye nzara. Munguva refu yechando inotonhora, vanhu vaida chinhu zvokudya zvekupa mhuri dzavo. Murombo nevhu haana kuuya zvakakwana mari yokukohwa, upenyu haisi kukwana, saka tenzi kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvavo, uye pakanga yacho. Chokwadi Russian unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira akasimuka paiva mari zviwanikwa zvakakwana. Wooden Crafts kwakaitwa miti munzvimbo pamaware nevhu vakakunda kwakapararira ibwe zvigadzirwa, uye zvichingodaro. D. Sezvaunoziva, kudiwa anosika wedzerai, uye kukura National fishery pawakanga kudiwa.

Folk Arts and Crafts vakatanga kubuda gare gare - pakati remakore rechi19. Mumazuva iwayo, paiva yakakurumbira goridhe shinda nezvakarukwa, kupenda uye simbi kugadzira. A rakakura kukanganisa pakuonekwa raanoziva aiva chechi, uye ndicho chikoro yomunzvimbomo kuvake kupenda. Vakaita maodha nomusoni kuti dzemamongi uye machechi.

Vanhu hove Central Russia

The Russian webasa Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kwete chete munyika yedu, chevarwere raanoziva awana mbiri yose. Yokuverenga dzakaitwa nemaoko zvinogona kuva hurukuro refu chaizvo pamusoro zvihombe:

• Gzhel.
• Dymkovo chitambiso.
• Khokhloma.
• Palekh.
• Rostov enamel.
• Vologodskoe Lace and said.

Dymkovo chitambiso

mazana emakore akawanda akapfuura, pamahombekombe erwizi Vyatka akaumba guta iro sangano ugari ugari. Ose mangwanani yomunzvimbo stoked echoto, uye nokuda ichi- kusimudza utsi uye akatumidza nzvimbo - Dymkovo ugari.

Paigara vanatenzi zvehari. Kubva nevhu vakaita ndiro, uye pombi kuti vari vakazoroorwa muchidziisa kukwira muchoto. Miridzo dzakaitwa kunyanya dziri mhuka. Asi zvakanga zvaitwa kwete chete nokuda varaidzo vana. Vyatsky vanhu pasi showing pakati senyere akasangana mwari wezuva - Jari. Dymkovo chitoyi - yakakurumbira zvavo dzamaoko Central Russia. Munhu wose anoziva kuti anotarisa. ivhu iri Russian mukadzi ari refu siketi-bhero refu inopenya epuroni uye dema nevagari vayo. yakanaka kupfeka dzakapendwa mapatani siyana. The chikuru kuzvitonga - chinofanira kuva wakajeka uye mavara.

Gzhel

Folk Arts and Crafts Zvakaoma kufungidzira pasina Gzhel. Kare, zvakanga akatakura zita kumusha chiri 50 chete kubva Moscow. Vakagarako vanatenzi, iro rakatanga kusika zvikuru unyanzvi porcelain. Vakanga kupendwa mu cobalt. Akazozviratidza polufayansovaya ndiro. Masters akaunganidza mazana zvakasiyana mifananidzo, zvino ivhu zhinji zvakachengeterwa muna Hermitage. Gzhel vanhu vakanga kare akadzinga yemuraudzo ndiro pamusoro misika of Moscow, vanatenzi kazhinji kupendwa ndiro arayire. Nhasi zvakaoma chaizvo kuti kufungidzira pasina achabatira ndege Gzhel zvigadzirwa.

Palekh

Kutanga rwokugadzira zvinoda nhoroondo yaro kubva 13-14th emakore. Panguva ino, uye akaumba ano muzinda Russian tsika - musha Palekh. Ipapo ndekwaMwari Prince paletzkiana, namarudzi muridzi raiva Ivan Buturlin. The musha akasikwa vakawanda Mumusangano kuti iconography. Muzana remakore rechi20 mumusha mhizha aidaro kupenda nezvikorekedzo, kutsvaira mabhokisi, nyaya fodya, notepads uye bisernits. Anozivikanwa palehovskie mabhokisi uye Easter mazai anozivikanwa nevakawanda. Papera chinguva, mumusha vakatanga kubuda Palekh vakasiyana nezvizoro zvitema uye paperi-mache maché.

Khokhloma

Khokhloma raanoziva akazviratidza Russia muna Volga mumasango Uzola River kuna River. Pane akaumba musha - seminoma, shwashwa, uye Novopokrovskiy Kuligin. It yakatanga ikoko uye hohloma. Zvinosuruvarisa Crafts unopinza akapona kuti nguva yedu hazvisi zvachose. Tiri kuziva basa vatenzi chete remakore rechi19, kunyange ichiidzwa kuti nebasa iri vanobatanidzwa, uye muzana remakore rechi17.

Khokhloma risiyane nemamwe chinokosha kupenda unyanzvi. A nevamwe chinhu - pokushandisa vatema ingi uye cinnabar uri kumashure goridhe. To sweeten ndiro tenzi kutongokwizwa izvozvo gaba upfu, uye ipapo vakashandisa paiva varnish uye mafuta anoiswa muchoto. Nokuda mukuru tembiricha nokuomesa mafuta vakava yero, goridhe uye gaba akaonekwa. Masters akashandisa mapatani uye muenzaniso bhurasho noruoko. Zvinodhura nemhando vakakweverwa nokungwarira. Today Khokhloma ndiro kunogona kuonekwa panguva dzakasiyana-siyana dzakawanda kuratidzira uye nhumbi.

Pavlovsky Posad zvameso

Pavlovsky Posad anozivikanwa nevakawanda nemhaka vasvike hwakarongwa Scarves uye zvameso. Kokutanga kudaro yakashongedzwa chipfeko akaiswa pamusoro Klyazma River mutaundi Pavlov. Saka zita.

Panguva omunharaunda nhumbi, anowanzoshandurwa yakarongwa nechepakati dzinoungana, hwakarongwa zvameso vakaparadzirwa pamusoro hurray. Unogona kutenga bandanas pamwe siyana mapatani - mhuka maruva, Roses, akasungwa uye mashizha. Scarves kazhinji kunzi padded. Shoko iri vakatanga kudana zvameso pamusana nzira kushandisa muenzaniso pamusoro jira - akadhindwa jira. Tenzi payaiisa jira pamusoro bhodhi uye vakarova kunyora rabva nani. Hand-akadhindwa jira zvemichina asina tenzi ose. Modern Scarves akaita pachishandiswa anokosha nemichina.

Rostov enamel

Inzvimbo handicrafts muCentral Russia zvinosanganisira anozivikanwa nemisha, Rostov - mumwe wavo. Muzana remakore rechi18, akaberekwa ari raanoziva, kufanana enamel. kupenda iri enameled simbi chaizvo pendi. Munguva dzekare, tenzi aisiya mifananidzo. Vapristi aipfeka nguo vane zvemaoresa ose enamel. Church ndiro uye kufukidza kupendwa manyoro uye moto nemishonga chaiyo pendi. The peculiarity iri Michina kushanda kuti asati vachiridzira ruvara avaiita nguva dzose chete. Nokuda kupisa mevira zvigadzirwa vari kutanga kutamba mavara akajeka.

Zhostovo

Kupendwa nendiro dzacho kubva Zhostovo avanoziva zhinji. musha uyu haasi kure guru, ndipo Painters vemo akasika mabasa ounyanzvi akadai Zhostovo tireyi. Tenzi mufanidzo munda uye mubindu maruva ari mutema yaipinda mabhiza matatu, achiri upenyu uye nevamwe. The tireyi yokutanga yakavakwa paperi-mache maché.

Uyewo Painters kubva Zhostovo kupendwa mabhokisi kupenda, mabhokisi yemumhino uye mabhokisi. Pakati pezana remakore rechi19 vakatanga kubudisa zviumbwe simbi, zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa paperi-mache maché kupfeka backburner. The yakakurumbira basa uri Zhostovo - This denderedzwa tireyi, dzakapendwa pamusoro mukomberedzo. Mumwe musangano akapfeka ayo chigadzirwa muchiso, naro unogona kuziva tenzi, kuti runako urwu.

Modern ounyanzvi Russian

Contemporary Crafts vari kushingaira kukura. Nhasi pa kuratidzira uye nhumbi, unogona kuona zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana, rwokugadzira uye mifananidzo. Trends munezvimwe Ndiwe zvakasiyana chaizvo, pano tiri:

• Visualization achishandisa chiedza Mabumba;
• Electronic sezvamunoita;
• photo;
• mbaravara dzakatsamwa;
• zvivezwa uye zvivako, uye vamwe.

Modern zvavo raanoziva zvakaoma zita rimwe chete, matarenda mhizha ndivo vakaita kuti zvavari kuita zvakanaka. Kana emakore mashoma apfuura, izvozvo zvaiita chete kuzochera kana sculpt nevhu, zviri ikozvino zvichibvira kuratidza zvakawanda. Asi, pasinei ichi, zvinokosha kupenda uye kupenda anodzidzwa nokuda chigadzirwa antiikki chepakutanga Russian. Netsika vemifananidzo Russian mumaguta akawanda, uye kurarama kusvika ikozvino.

In mhedziso, ndinoda yokuverenga yasara chevarwere uri gwara, izvo haana zvinotsanangurwa munyaya ino:

• Gorodets kupenda ;
• fedoksinskaya maduku;
• Orenburg Downy zvameso;
• Vologda uye Yelets resi;
• matryoshka;
• karpogolskaya, Abashevskaya filimonskaya uye matoyi;
• muzviruva;
• Kasli Kudzingwa.

Tsika chishamiso-vashandi vedu, Painters, uye vaimbi vachirarama munyika yanhasi. Pasinei nokufambira mberi kwesayenzi, akwegura Russian unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira kuramba ichishanduka. Akapukunyuka kuti nguva yedu mabasa ounyanzvi kunogona kuonekwa mumamiziyamu uye kuratidzira, kuedza rwake basa iri rakaoma kunogona kuve makanaka zvikoro uye kukura nzvimbo.