Vlas Doroshevich, Russian wenhau, munyori: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Vlas Doroshevich - akakurumbira Russian munyori uye wenhau, mumwe zvikuru nevanhu feuilletonists mukupera XIX - mangwanani XX emakore. Uyewo inozivikanwa se dzakadzama noutano theatre mutsoropodzi.

Biography munyori

Vlas Doroshevich akaberekwa muMoscow muna 1865. baba vake aiva wenhau Sergei Sokolov, asi akafa muduku kubva chirwere chakakomba. mai vake akanga chokuita mabhuku, iye akapiwa dzidzo dzenhoroondo panguva Smolny Institute, achishingaira yakabudiswa guru periodicals.

zita rake Vlas Mihaylovich Doroshevich vanosungirwa baba vokurera, akazomurera ari-mwedzi mitanhatu-okuberekwa. Amai akasiya mwanakomana wake pahotera, kwete ari kugadzirira kuuya nayo chete, pasina murume.

Akafunga mai nani Doroshevicha chete pashure pemakore 10. Zvisinei, pasinei kwayo richizvitenda chiito, dare vakatsigira mukadzi akamuisa mwana akaraswa. Chiitiko ichi chakaita avasakadza rose dambudziko Doroshevicha. Musoro wemurairo, asi anotambudzika vana iye kubva akatendeukira dzose.

At nemakore 7 zera Vlas Doroshevich akapinda Moscow chikoro nhamba 4. Mumakore mashomanana akatevera vakachinja zvikoro akawanda. The inonyanya Chikonzero kudzingwa anova maitiro ake akaipa uye kusaremekedza vakuru uye Vakuru. Pakupedzisira kudzidza mudzidzi chesekondari.

A wechikoro Vlas Doroshevich akatanga pamwe yemo mapepanhau. mabhuku okutanga vari "Moscow Gazette" uye "pepanhau St. Petersburg".

By Doroshevichi anouya nokubwinya

kukurumbira ichi Doroshevicha mabasa vawana pakupera ari XIX remakore, paakatanga kuparidza Odessa periodicals, zvikurukuru ine chinosetsa nemabasa.

Kubva muna 1902 kusvikira October Revolution, iye anoita mupepeti pepanhau "Russian shoko", muridzi patsime-anozivikanwa muparidzi Sytin. Pasina nguva Doroshevich akaita shanduro iyi zvikuru nevanhu munyika, riparadzirwe "Russian Shoko" vashoma vamwe mapepanhau zvose uye magazini.

Muna 1918 akatamira Sebastopol Vlas Doroshevich, Biography hwake mumakore achangodarika yave chokuita zvakananga muCrimea. Haana kutsigira aipikisana kufamba uye akasiya panguva upenyu paruzhinji uye nhau. Panoperera ari Civil War, paakanga arwara, akati kuzivikanwa simba yeSoviet. Akadzokera kuna Petrograd muna 1921, apo iye nokukurumidza akafa asi-Pazvinotanga tiibhii muCrimea.

setsa mabasa

The epamba venhau Doroshevich akapinda, kutanga achitaipa chinosetsa nyaya. Mabasa Ava kubva 1881, akabudisa mu "Moscow Gazette". Pakutanga anonymously.

Chokutanga anozivikanwa Nyaya Doroshevicha akadana "kutsiva". Akasunungurwa mumagazini guru "The Wave". munyori wayo akanga akanyorwa Uncle Vlas. In chete nguva nenguva, iye anotanga mbiru romunyori "Diary imwe munhuwo zvake." Kutaura zvazviri, iye akasekwa "Notes munhuwo zvake" mabhuku mutsoropodzi Nikolaya Mihaylovskogo. Zvisinei, chemashoko pakarepo akavhara pasi rokutanga bhuku Doroshevich akatsoropodza Russian nhau nokuda guru, kupomerwa zvakananga pakusika tsika zvinhu.

Saka Doroshevich akataura chido chake nokuda rusununguko uye unacceptability uori venhau. Mumabhuku aya kare kuzviratidza unopinza manotsi dzinonetsa, shoko vapenyu anokunyengedzera kutsvinya pematanho nayo mberi chinosetsa nyaya uye mamwe mabhuku.

satires Doroshevicha

A guru basa kukura Russian venhau akaita Vlas Doroshevich. Satires zvakanyorwa naye, zvichiri kukosheswa munhu anoyemurika ari Genre ichi. Nokuti ichi akanga pakunzi "mambo chinosetsa anecdotes."

Iye nounyanzvi zvekunyora siyana Genres - enyika kabhuku, vhidhiyo yokufungidzira, satirical kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura nevamwe vazhinji. Akaumba pachake manyorerwo "pfupi mutsetse" ake, akavonga izvo chigadzirwa ndawana zvipfupi, zvinonyatsochengeta nesimba. Akasiyira yakakurumbira panguva verbosity, achifurira kwete bedzi venhau nguva, asi pamusoro vanyori.

Munguva pepanhau Doroshevicha prose inova ndima nemabhuku huru Russian, nemhaka kunyatsoverenga uye akangwarira basa pamwe neshoko. Dam Large Doroshevicha satirical nyaya vakazvipira yemitambo. Mavari, akatsigira mirawu realism iri mifananidzo, rinooneka pokutsoropodza decadence, iyo panguva iyoyo rakapinda vose munzanga.

Odessa kumwedzi

Muna 1893 Doroshevich vakatamira Odessa. Pano anova munyori mu "Odessa shizha" zvikuru dzematunhu pepanhau. Kwemhosva rakundwa kubva pakutanga bhuku, vakatsoropodza musoro guta. The resonance akanga ane simba zvokuti kunyange Doroshevichi akanga imwe nguva kusiya Odessa uye kudzokera St. Petersburg.

Pashure pemwedzi 6, akadzoka uye kwakaramba rinobudisa satires ake Odessa kusvikira 1899. Huru Misoro, zvaakanga akateerera, ndiye muboka revatungamiriri nezviremera pasi, muFiristia tsika zvokusachenjera chido vanamuzvinabhizimisi uye vatengesi kuti mari iri zvose. Panguva iyoyo zvinoita urikushanda murevereri kuti varombo varombo, yepamusoro uye mberi vatungamiriri.

Zviri pano kuti Akakwezva kuDemocratic intelligentsia Vlas Doroshevich. mutauro Odessa ari kushingaira kushandiswa navo skits, akanga yaakakudza Gorky. Zvisinei, panguva imwe chete, vanyori vakawanda panguva akatsoropodza kuti Doroshevicha cheeky maitiro.

Sezvo 1895 Doroshevich inotangira "Odessa shizha" kubudisa mishumo pavaifamba vatorwa avo, achiita nyaya kunyange akakurumbira zvikuru. Akaenda kuna America, uko anotuma dzakawanda satires uye essays pamusoro veko Bourgeois mores.

"Anecdotal nguva"

Muenzaniso unoshamisa umhizha munyori akanga akakurumbira Vlas Doroshevich - "Anecdotal nguva." Ichi satirical chidimbu, akanyorwa muna 1905.

Mairi munyori zvakasimba criticizes kwakaonekwa kuchiva zvachose uye zvose kuudza majee. On ose nyaya, uye pakati ose sectors vemo. Anecdote muRussia pakutanga pakati XX remakore, maererano Doroshevicha unotsiva vysokosvetskuyu hungwaru, kukurukura kuitika munyika. Asi, munhu wose ari kuedza pavanoseka.

At mabhuku soirees uye yemichato havasi zvikuru vadetembi nemabasa kana zvesimba kuti weclassical yavo itsva, uye tenzi kuudza nyaya itsva. "Upenyu Zvose ikava anecdote zvikukutu" - zvinosuwisa zviziviso munyori.

"Nyaya kudya vanhu"

Mumwe unoshamisa lampoon, uyo akanyora Vlas Doroshevich - "The nyaya kudya vanhu." The chiito anotora nzvimbo muguta Zavihryayske. Zvakangotanga kunotanga kunyangarika mupurisa wadheni Siluyanova. refu nguva yake haigoni kuwana, uye nokukurumidza zvinova pachena kuti nomushambadzi Semipudovy anotsanangura sei vachidya pai chinoshayikwa. Zvisinei, chii chinotevera chakaitika haazoyeukizve nekuti wakange abatwa kwazvo. It pakarepo anonoswa pamusoro kunyumwira kuti kudya vanhu.

Muchiitiko chino, zviri pachena kuti muverengi kuti keke magamba vakadya pamwe chete, uye haana kugadzirira zvomutengesi mincemeat pamusoro Siluyanova. Zvisinei, hapana vatambi munyaya havanzwisisi.

In basa iri Doroshevich zvikuru criticizes basa vatevedzere mutemo, uyewo matare uye Vachuchisi. It chinoratidza dzavo kusaita zvinhu nomazvo kwakakwana uye kusaziva. Bright kuratidzwa uye dzematunhu guta tsika. Chitima Siluyanov mugumo sokuti kubvuma kuti nguva yose iyi soundly akadhakwa. Uye ake chaizvo hunonyatsotsanangura nzira akatsamwa paakaona bhuku chero commoner. In chikamu ichi nyaya inoratidza zvinhu zvakawanda munzanga panguva iyoyo. Mune satirical mabasa duku vakafukidza nyaya mutsika, dzidzo uye vatevedzere mutemo, kumbomira nechimwe inorwadza dambudziko rimwe nzvimbo idzi.

Zvisinei, chikuru ukoshi nyaya idzi satirical kuti zvakanyorwa kuti vaverengi chipi Hazvizivikanwi dzidzo kunzwisisa zvinosetsa uye munyori wacho chinangwa chiri nyore uye munyori, uye handymen. Izvi rakasiyana zvavo inoshanda Doroshevicha.

"Uranda"

Special nzeve pabasa rake Doroshevich akabhadhara rwendo kuenda Sakhalin. Ikoko, akapinda 1897, kushanda "Odessa shizha". Pamwe naye takaenda uye vashandi musungwa. Mugumisiro rwendo urwu aiva rondedzero, munyori chakanga Doroshevich Vlas - "uranda". Rakanga zvechokwadi kurondedzera yose upenyu hwakaoma. Uye Chikurukuru - kuvenga uye kuora mwoyo kuti zvavaizoitwawo pamusoro Sakhalin. Uye kwete chete vasungwa, asi isina vemo.

Doroshevich anoudza yakawanda nyaya mhosva nokuda zvose zvinoratidza kuburikidza upenyu vanhu hwakava pano angaratidza.

Muna 1903, iye anounganidza mubhuku kuroorwa essays "Sakhalin", iro zvange paumbwe echimurenga pfungwa pamusoro avaida 1905. Book rakarambidzwa uye yakatorwa, asi kubvisa rakanga kare achimhanya.

Doroshevich uye "Russian shoko"

The inonyanya kufarirwa Doroshevich nokuramba kushanda "Russian shoko". Muna 1902, akava ayo mupepeti, nekushandura of Western European mhando. pepanhau iri rakazova kupfuura vakawanda-kuparadzirwa periodicals muRussia.

Chakavanzika Kubudirira raiva pasi cost, mukuru kushanda zvakanaka uye mapuranga. Mukuwedzera Doroshevicha mu "Russian shoko" akanyora Giljarovsky, Nemirovich-Danchenko uye dzimba dzemitambo.

Kuva mupepeti Doroshevich vakagadzwa nerimwe dhipatimendi revashandi nomumwe, sezvaiitwa mumapepanhau muEngland uye France. Panotangira nerimwe dhipatimendi aisa yoga mupepeti. kushanda ose zuva chinotanga mangwanani kuronga misangano kukurukura basa zvirongwa resonance vakasikwa okupedzisira.

Number yakapfuura kudhinda maawa anenge 22, asi nhau zvakananga vakabatsira kuti muitiro akadzika kusvika 4 o'clock mangwanani. Zvakanga zvakadaro vakakwanisa kuzadzisa kusingaenzaniswi panguva Kugamuchira.

Zvirongwa vaifanira kusimbisa Doroshevicha dzomupepanhau nzvimbo mumaguta makuru Russia.

Njodzi chimurenga Doroshevicha

Muna 1917 Doroshevich aigara Petrograd. Panguva iyoyo akanga atova achirwara zvakakomba uye apo neapo zvokuita pamusoro venhau wokumwe adarika. Njodzi French Revolution, akaona zvinosuwisa uye muenzaniso wawo aiedza kunyevera vaairarama, kuti chii chinogona kuunza zviitiko October chimurenga.

Pakutanga, akanga pamusoro chimurenga, kutaura pachaunga pokutsoropodza pfungwa Lenin uye Bolsheviks. Zvisinei, gare gare, akaziva simba Soviet uye Soviet Union panguva yayo vachishingaira kunyange kudhindwa. Asi pashure pokuwa Union mabasa ake pakupedzisira akanyangarika kubva echiShinto.

simba Doroshevicha

Vanoongorora vakaona zvikuru, izvo Doroshevich akanga Russian mabhuku uye nhau. It iri kukura journalistic Genres zhinji, munhu nzira itsva kwavari. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvikurukuru imwe nyaya.

Style yake "pfupi mutsetse" akava anoyemurika vazhinji vezera rake uye vatsivi.