XVIII - Chii zera? Europe muzana remakore rechi18

Saka, kutanga kupindura haisi mubvunzo itsva kuti unomuka nokuti vadzidzi vazhinji uye kwete chete: "? XVIII - Chii zera" Ngatiedzei kuchiona munyaya ino.

Chakavanzika nhamba Latin, kana kuti mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "XVIII - chii zera?"

Vanhu kazhinji vanotsutsumwa kuti sezviverengo Roman kwavari rakaoma chaizvo. Kutaura zvazviri, hapana chakaoma pano. Zvose zviri pasi zvinonzwisisika pfungwa.

Saka, kana nhamba XVIII zvakakodzera decipher, kubva pakutanga. Saka, X - iri gumi. Saizvozvowo, nhamba zvakajeka kupfuura 10, sezvo vamwe digits vari kurudyi huru imwe. Chokwadi ndechokuti kana taiva nhamba IX, zvingava kuti 9 sezvo chikwata kuruboshwe riri subtracted kubva 10. Naizvozvo, zviri kuongororwa mberi. The V - 5, uye chikamu ukuwo, 3. ose okunze anowedzerwa pamwe uye chigadzirirai nhamba - 18. Asi kufanana mubvunzo ose, XVIII - chii zana remakore, pane mumwe dambudziko. gore chii chinogona kunzi kune rechi18 - 1750-ndipo uye 1829-ndipo? Mhinduro iri chete: 1750 nekuti 1829 chichava 19 remakore fung.

Nhoroondo remakore rechi18. dzidzo

Zvino, kana tiri afunga uko remakore, ichanyanya pamusoro nhoroondo iyi. Ngatitange nepfungwa yokuti Europe iri XVIII remakore, akasangana chiitiko chikuru munhoroondo yacho - Kujekerwa. Ichi izwi rakajairika kune vakawanda. Ungave uchishamisika: XVIII - chii zana remakore, asi isu hatigoni kuziva zvechadenga chinonakidza. nyika yose ine zvakaitika zvakasiyana. Asi chii chakanga nevanhu vose - ndiyo pokuwa feudalism.

Education - wechisikigo muitiro kuti kunotozongoita yakatanga kuwa feudal hurongwa. Kunoita kuti humanistic uye wevakadzidza mutemo, uchiona runovimbisa rusununguko uye upenyu huri nani. Dzidzo sezvo kutanga hakurevi chete kukanganisa njere kukura Europe. It noushingi kubatanidzwa nderechinyakare uye zvisingachashandi zvipenyu uye nzira youpenyu, akachengetedzwa kubva kuMiddle Ages.

Pfungwa huru iri Chirungu Kujekerwa

Saka, Locke akasimbisa tsika neunhu benchmarks, kufunga mamiriro sezvo chibvumirano vanhu. Aidavira kuti chete chaivo regulator pamusoro interpersonal uye zvemagariro ukama ndiwo yetsika, nezvetsika uye mufambiro.

Vaifanira hwaizogadzwa, maererano muzivi, "nokuda nokudenga kubvuma." Nhoroondo XVIII remakore chinorondedzerwa remangwana nzira okukura zvachose munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira UK. British inofananidza Kujekerwa vaidavira kuti pakupedzisira chinangwa - kwete mufaro kwenzanga uye mufaro wacho, pachake pakakwirira.

Locke chakasimbisawo kuti vanhu vose vanoberekwa vaine yakatarwa masimba nemano zvichavabatsira kusvika anenge zvose. Asi chete chenguva kuitwa sezvo muzivi vakatenda, inobatsira kuti kuzadziswa ambofanobata imwe chivakwa. pauzima rokusika kuedza chete kuchabatsira munhu kubudirira muupenyu. Mukuti ichi, vazivi British ramakore rechi18, vakanzwisisa zvakarurama kwazvo kudiwa pamusoro muvanhu panguva iyoyo.

The French Kujekerwa

Kusiyana pfungwa Chirungu Kujekerwa, Rousseau Zvinounza muvanhu plan, pane kana mumwe chete. Maererano pfungwa dzake, vanhu pakutanga aiva rose simba, asi zvino yava anomupandukira simba nevatongi, kuti vaite zvavanoda. Rousseau aiva murevereri pakati democratic-Republican mamiriro. Civil kuenzana vachava chete kuitwa kana ose mugari vachakwanisa kuitawo utariri.

Montesquieu, akavapindurawo, anoomerera kuti nevezvematongerwo enyika chero nyika uye anofanira ajairane nemamiriro ekunze, uye kuti chitendero uye hunhu vanhu. Sezvo muzivi anoona yakanakisisa muchimiro Republican chehurumende. Asi, achiona vemazuva inoti zvinobvira kuti kuzviziva, kumbomira yepamutemo umambo. Panyaya iyi, mubati ndezvaAroni chete kune varikutonga bazi uye Paramende - akasarudzwa paramende.