Miriwo uye zvibereko Chirungu: tsananguro uye kwakabva mashoko

Tinowanzofunga vanoshandisa shoko pakutaura kwake chokuita epamba uye zveupfumi nyaya. Nyaya iyi ichakurukurwa munhu lexical nyaya rwakazvitsaurira kuna dzinodyiwa zvirimwa. Miriwo uye zvibereko Chirungu pamwe rokushandura uye emashoko ari Russian zvicharehwawo munyaya iyi.

Kwakatangira shoko muriwo

Muriwo - culinary tsanangudzo, zvinoreva dzinodyiwa zvikamu (semuenzaniso, michero kana tubers), akasiyana-siyana zvinomera, uyewo zvokudya chero zvikukutu kuti chirimwa mavambo kunze nemichero, zviyo, nzungu uye howa.

Chirungu rakashandurwa sezvo muriwo muriwo. Rinotanga chakanyorwa Chirungu mune remakore rechi15. It akapinda mutauro kubva Old French uye pakutanga rinoshandisirwa miti yose; shoko richiri kushandiswa mupfungwa iyi chaivo achinzi.

Rinobva Ages rechiLatin vegetabilis uye anoshandura kuti "kukura, kubudirira." Kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kushanduka kubva mukupera mutauro rinoreva "kumutsidzira kumhanyisa."

Meaning weshoko sechinhu chirimwa muriwo akura rinodyiwa nevanhu, akanga asingazivi kusvikira muzana remakore rechi18. Muna 1767, shoko rakanga zvikuru kushandiswa kureva zvose dzinodyiwa miriwo, makwenzi uye midzi. Muna 1955, ivo rutapudzo ari miriwo sezvo akariposhera yakatanga kushandiswa: veggie - "miriwo."

Semunhu chipauro, shoko muriwo muriwo (miriwo) mu Chirungu rinoshandiswa mune zvesayenzi uye kugadzira zvinhu, kukosha rimwe tsanangudzo zvikuru yakakura, kureva "zvine chokuita miti" zvavo (dzinodyiwa kana kwete) kuti inyaya chirimwa mavambo, muti umambo.

Miriwo Chirungu pamwe rokushandura

Funga mazita huru michero uye miriwo Chirungu. Mazita panofanira chezvinhu kuti tishandise zuva nezuva. Miriwo uye zvibereko Chirungu pamwe rokushandura uye transcription riri sezvinotevera:

1. Cabbage - makabheji - [kæbədʒ] uye makabheji chena.

Uye shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana ayo uye gadziriro nzira:

• mhuka - mhuka makabheji;
• Marinated - pickled makabheji;
• Dried - tasara tisina mvura makabheji;
• Sauerkraut - rusununguko makabheji;
• Chinese - celery makabheji;
• wakatemerwa - anobvarurwa-bvarurwa makabheji;
• decoration - Sora makabheji.

2. Garlic - negariki [ɡɑːrlɪk]; nderamafuta negariki - anonhuwira negariki.

3. Gomarara - tabapi [tɝːnəp].

3. hanyanisi - hanyanisi [ʌnjən].

4. Leek - leek [liːk |].

5. Potatoes - matapiri [pəteɪtoʊz].

Isa chetezvo neshoko matapiri chichange kushandurwa sezvinotevera:

• kartoshku- simmer kuti kubika matapiri;
• kuchera matapiri - chikwidzo matapiri;
• matapiri itsva - matapiri itsva.

6. Carrot Common - twakadai [kærət].

7. Tomato - tomato [təmeɪˌtoʊ].

Kare kunzi domatisi mboni rudo. Izvi imhaka kushandura chaiwo kubva mutauro wokuItaly. Miriwo uye zvibereko Chirungu kazhinji kunge vakakwereta mavambo.

Translation mikuru akasiyana zvibereko Chirungu

Tava kuenda dingindira muchero. Chirungu Shoko "chibereko" rinoshandurwa sezvo michero [ 'fruːt]. At paro, ichi hachisi botanical izwi, asi kutoti zita kwezuva nezuva nokuda zvoupfumi uye makuru inotapira zvibereko.

Heino mazita yakajairika ndivo:

• apirikoti [ 'eɪprɪkɒt] - apirikoti;
• mabhanana [bə'nɑːnə] - Banana;
• kwamazambiringa [greip] - mazambiringa;
• bhuratifuru [ 'greɪpˌfruːt] - bhuratifuru;
• peya [peə] - peya;
• nwiwa [ 'mɛlən] - vise;
• ndimu [ 'lɛmən] - ndimu;
• mandarine [ 'mænəriːn] - Mandarin (shoko Chinese mavambo);
• puramu [ 'pləm] - Drain;
• apuro [ 'æpl] - apuro;
• Citrus [ 'sitrəs] - maranjisi;
• kiwi [Kiwi] - kiivi;
• Muonde [fɪɡ] - maonde;
• musi [musi] - zuva (shoko iri rinogona kushandurwa somusi);
• Mango [mæŋɡoʊ] - Mango;
• persimmon [pəsɪmən] - persimmon;
• mutamba [pɒmˌgrænɪt] - yemipomegraneti;
• chihenge [ 'paɪnˌæpl] - chihenge.

Kwakabva chirimwa mashoko

Vazhinji okuti rinoratidza muchero uye miriwo Chirungu, vari yaainge mimwe mitauro. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "domatisi" unouya European munyika rechiAztec Empire. Plant Name kubudikidza Tomal tomaatti mutauro French apinda Chirungu uye mumitauro Russian. Mumutauro ano Russian, mazita vose vari noenderana.

Shoko matapiri (mbatatisi) rinobva mutauro wechiSpanish, asi muna Spanish izvozvo angosimuka kubva mutauro Indian Quechua munguva kukunda conquistadors kuSouth America. Saka, izvi zviviri mashoko nokuda nightshade, zvinobva Indian mitauro Latin America.