A nhoroondo yezviri kukura yemagetsi chiedza

Nhoroondo kukura yemagetsi chiedza yakatanga kusvika 1870, apo akanga afunga ane incandescent mwenje kuti akapa chiedza pachishandiswa Magetsi. Nhoroondo Magetsi kukura vakatanga ipapa, kana yakakurumbira musayendisiti Volta kuedza kwakaguma pakusikwa nomunhu alkaline bhatiri. Uye wokutanga chaizvo mano okuvimba, izvo akashanda pamusoro Magetsi, vakasikwa pakutanga ari XIX remakore. Vakaedza kushandisa kujekesa mumigwagwa, asi vakanga kudhura uye asinganyatsoita.

The kubvuta masimba akaita chinhu injiniya kubva Russia Pavel Yablochkov, ndiro December 12, 1876 akazarura "yemagetsi mwenje", iro tichibatsirwa magetsi yazova yakakunakira tsime okuvhenekesa. An dzokororo inokosha hwakagadzwa Yablochkov incandescent rambi akazogadzira yakakurumbira American, Thomas Edison. Akaisa mudziyo ari Vacuum hamvuropu, izvo neshamwari vanodzivirirwa kuti chinhu chakakombama kubudikidza oxidation, saka unogona kupa chiedza girobhu racho kwenguva refu. With payo, nhoroondo yemagetsi chiedza akagashira kurudziro itsva. October 21, 1879 akabatanidza wokutanga chiedza girobhu racho, iro akakwanisa kupisa mazuva maviri.

Nechiedza ruoko Tomasa Edisona chiedza girobhu racho rava zvokutenga chigadzirwa uye zvikuru kushandiswa pakutanga pamusoro XX remakore. Munhoroondo remangwana kukura magetsi kare akatanga kufambira mberi vakanyorerana kakawanda webasa vasayendisiti uye vanotanga, sezvo mumwe yakagadzirwa itsva inofananidzirwa itsva padanho Kugadzirwa okuvimba indasitiri.

Muna 1901, Cooper-Hewitt anoita kamari kumanikidzwa nemekiyuri rambi.

Muna 1905, musangano wakaitirwa wokutanga Auer Lighting rambi ane tungsten coils.

Muna 1906, mumwe musayendisiti Kuh akazogadzira mukuru kumanikidzwa nemekiyuri rambi.

Muna 1910 akanga akaita inokosha budiriro iri kiyi yokutanga halogen kutenderera.

Muna 1913, Lange muvambi akaratidza pachena gasi yakazara chubhu, izvo akazopiwa zita rake.

Muna 1931 musayendisiti akaita Pirani yavaibvisa rambi yakaderera kumanikidzwa.

Muna 1946, Mr Schultz paricharova zvose xenon rambi.

Muna 1958 nayo raivapo halogen mwenje.

Muna 1962, yokutanga kwakaita pamwe dzvuku achine chakarondedzera yakatangwa.

Muna 1982, nyika akaona low-voltage halogen mwenje.

Muna 1983, kuti chiine fluorescent mwenje vakanga tega.

In misi izvi nhoroondo yemagetsi chiedza kunoratidzwa kwete chete muchimiro yepamusoro nesayenzi, asi chimiro zvakagadzirwa mudzidziso okupedzisira zvibereko vakawanda rinodyiwa. Munguva dzazvino kutozivikanwa yakasimbiswa vakawanda kugadzirwa akasiyana-siyana dzemagetsi manyuko chiedza, kusanganisira LEDs, vakagamuchira pakupedzisira kuzivikanwa munhau. Dzavo zvakwakanakira rakakura upenyu basa, mukuru luminous zvikuru, duku kukura uye anenge mapfumo zvinogona kuti simba nemari. Zvisinei, apo vakashandisa chaizvo LEDs anozvikudza chete nhoroondo pokumuka Electronics.

Akatungamirira michina muchiedza yemagetsi munguva yemberi iri pedyo anofanira pakupedzisira kuhwina nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera. Ramangwana riri makwikwi kutonga pakati akatungamirira uye fluorescent Inopa chiedza. Fluorescent rambi, iyo ndiyo yakakurumbira chiedza bhuku, dzinowana nzvimbo yake anokudzwa musayendisiti Soviet kwakadaro SI Vavilov, uyo akapa kurudziro simba kuti kukura chiedza uye chiedza akasika nheyo nesayenzi. Rakanga pasi kutungamirirwa naye yambokurukurwa phosphor, iyo kushandurwa kuti ultraviolet achine chakarondedzera ari kuwanda, pachena zvinoonekwa kuvanhu ziso. ramangwana rakanaka sezvo inomira uye xenon rambi.