Apo kweArctic, Antarctic uye Antarctica ndiye: huru kusiyana uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Aripiko kweArctic uye Antarctic? Uye kusiyana kumatunhu aya Earth kubva mumwe? musoro nemubvunzo uyu vanhu vazhinji, kunyange kana nehana vadzidza jogirafi kuchikoro. Pindura zvichabatsira nyaya yedu.

Kusiyana kweArctic Antarctic

Quite mukurumbira kwavanogara chirahwe inoti sezvinotevera: "Here polar samapere kudya PENGUIN" Uropi zera pakarepo anotanga kuvaka inonzwisisika ngetani pfungwa. In ndangariro kuyangarara mifananidzo kubva kuchikoro mabhuku, apo ivo nedzimwe mhuka vanoratidzwa pakanyorwa chando husingaperi uye zvikuru muchando nharaunda. Man anofunga kudaro: polar samapere - ndivo zvikara uye PENGUIN - a panzvimbo zveufende shiri yemagora. Somugumisiro, wokutanga anofanira kufara kuti mabiko wechipiri.

Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro! Kwete zvokufungidzira ose kuti mhuka idzi dzomusango kazhinji havagoni kusangana, nokuti vanogara akasiyana zvachose dzepasi. Mumwe wavo - kweArctic, uye mumwe - Antarctica. Saka, kuona mumwe kuti vanogona kuva chero inochengeterwa mhuka.

Apo kweArctic uye Antarctica ndiko - uye ichi huchakurukurwa. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakasikwa, okunze uye makemikari nyika nzvimbo idzi?

Aripiko kweArctic? tsanangudzo pfupi yacho

Ndoupi musiyano pakati kweArctic, Antarctic uye Antarctica? Edza kunzwisisa nyaya iyi nenzvimbo.

Aripiko kweArctic ari panyika? In chii venyika unofanira kutarisa izvozvo?

Pakutanga, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti pasi redu ane mapango maviri, izvo akasiyana zvachose vaipikisa mumwe - North uye South. Izvi zvichabatsira kuti awane nzira dzavo, apo kweArctic, uye apo - Antarctica.

Saka, kweArctic - Polár munharaunda Earth, ndiyo yakabatana North Pole zvakananga. Nepariri vakafukidza kweArctic Ocean, kuchamhembe muganhu Pacific uye Atlantic mumakungwa. To kweArctic zvinosanganisirawo kumucheto pamusoro Eurasia uye North America, uyewo zvitsuwa zvakawanda.

Dzimwe nguva muviri uye nenzvimbo makro-nharaunda kumaodzanyemba muganhu peArctic Circle. Area nharaunda, zvichienderana ayo vakabata muganhu wokumaodzanyemba riri pakati 21 uye 27 miriyoni mativi makiromita.

Zvino imi munoziva apo kweArctic. Chii chaiva kukura murume wake? Uye parakatanga?

Nhoroondo kukunda kweArctic uye North Pole

Arctic ari inogarwa kare. Izvi runoratidzwa vakawanda zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo. Saka, munhu wokutanga akazviratidza pamhenderekedzo kweArctic Ocean kwemamwe makore zviuru 30 akapfuura. Gare gare, Zvisinei, kutanga kwake kudhonza riri kuchamhembe. Paivawo mweya vakashinga achida kukunda Pole.

Serious uye nokudzidza nzvimbo rakatanga yechipiri yezana XIX remakore. Yakakurumbira polar akaongorora nguva vaiona Norwegian Fridtjof Nansen. Zvikurukuru, akaita nhoroondo yokutanga akakwanisa kuyambuka Groenlândia chando chivharo kuva - chitsuwa chikuru chenyika. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1889.

Robert Piri - rimwe rinokosha zita munhau Arctic ubanguranyika mhuri. Muna 1908-1909, akaronga pakundopambara anotanga kusvika North Pole. Chii kunakidza, chinangwa kwedanidziro iyi yakanga chete chinyorwa ichi. No rwendo nesayenzi havana kuitisa tsvakurudzo.

7 zvinoshamisa zvinhu pamusoro peArctic

The Arctic - zvinoshamisa nharaunda kuti uzere wezvakavanzika, zvakavanzika uye kujairika zvakasikwa. Pazasi ndivo zvinofadza zvikuru zvinhu nezvazvo:

• The Organic nyika kweArctic, pasinei yakadaro hasha ezvinhu, mupfumi zvakakwana. Huge chando nzvimbo dzine ine polar mabheya, makava, lemmings, poro, hwakawanda eshiri uye dzimwe mhuka. Pano unogona kusangana kunyange senguva zizi!
• KweArctic kodzero dzavo sezvo shanu inoti, kusanganisira Russia;
• Arctic pasherefu, maererano anofungidzirwa nokufungidzira masayendisiti inovanza matani anopfuura bhiriyoni 100 emafuta uye gasi;
• Around mamiriyoni 50 apfuura, peArctic ezvinhu aiva munhu munyoro kwazvo. Mvura kweArctic Ocean namazuva iwayo muzhizha kujairana + 15 ... 18 madhigirii!
• The Arctic - imwe nzvimbo Nyika, iyo iri nyore zvikuru yose muitiro yokudziya kwepasi;
• Desert harisi chete munzvimbo dzinopisa, asiwo kweArctic. pano chete vanodanwa kweArctic;
• Rwendo tanga kwazvo kweArctic mvura yekare Greek Pytheas akaita IV remakore BC.

Antarctica, uye Antarctica - varipi?

Antarctica geographers akadana kumaodzanyemba polar kumatunhu Nyika, iyo iri divi yepasi kubva kweArctic. Rinosanganisira rakakura yakaoma - yacho yose Antarctica uye kumaodzanyemba muromo Pacific, Atlantic uye Indian Ocean (nyanzvi dzakawanda yokumwe dzinoti munzvimbo iyi kuchiri cheshanu Earth Ocean - South).

Hwokumusoro Muganhu Antarctic ndiye kwakajairika. Kakawanda zviri anoitwa pamwe kumucheto zvinoyangarara echando munyika dzine (pakati 50-55 madhigirii kumaodzanyemba Latitude). Saka, zvachose nzvimbo Antarctic substantially kupfuura kweArctic, uye vanenge mamiriyoni 60 mativi makiromita.

Antarctica, sezvo pamusoro apa, ndiye kondinendi iri Nyika rechitanhatu - the Kumaodzanyemba uye coldest.

History of kuwanika uye ubanguranyika pakati Antarctica

Atova XVIII remakore, vanhu vaifunga kuti kumaodzanyemba redu pane imwe kondinendi. Chakatanga vachimutsvaka Dzheyms e muna 1775. Panguva circumnavigation wake, akafamba pamusoro kune risingazivikanwi "Southern Land" pedyo, rotanga South Sandwich Islands.

Yawanikwa kondinendi yose Antarctica rakaitwa muna 1820 panguva rwendo pakati navigators Russian Bellingshausen uye M. P. Lazareva. Shure kwaizvozvo, nyaya dzinotevedzana zvakawanwa uye Mapping akasiyana mumakungwa, zviwi nyika Antarctica.

Muna 1911, vaviri chete nzendo (rimwe rinotungamirirwa Roald Amundsen, mumwe - Robert Scott) akaenda kukunda South Pole. Asi rombo mumwe mapoka nerokuchema daredevils chete. December 14, 1911, Amundsen akawana danda panguva Norwegian mureza. boka rwendo Scott kwakaita asvika nangananga mazuva 27 gare gare, nhengo dzaro dzose vakaurayiwa munzira kudzokera.

Continent pamusoro Antarctica ane wandei chicherwa upfumi zvinogona. Zvisinei, nyika zvenyika dzakasaina chibvumirano pamusoro "inviolability" yacho kondinendi kuti muura 2048.

7 zvinoshamisa zvine chokuita Antarctica

Tinopa iwe 7 zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro Antarctica uye Antarctic:

• Antarctica - the coldest kondinendi yose nyika. Mumakore 80 yakadereresa tembiricha Panyika (-89 ° C) hwakanyorwa muSoviet polar "Vostok" chiteshi;
• Antarctica - uyewo chepamusorosoro kondinendi iri nyika (zvikurukuru nokuda hombe chando chivharo, izvo dzimwe nzvimbo inosvikira munhu Ukobvu 1-1.5 km);
• Antarctica ndicho vhuvhuta uye ari driest nzvimbo Panyika (uye izvi pasinei nokuti rine 70% mvura yakachena yenyika);
• Antarctica - yacho chete pasina zvachose kwevanhu;
• In Antarctica, musha nemhando PENGUIN matanhatu. Pakati pavo - mambo PENGUIN, ayo kuzivikanwa kwavo guru kukura;
• Kubva Ice echiShinto muna Antarctica nguva nenguva muparadzane hombe akakora echando. Mumwe ava yakaumbwa muna 2000 uye akaenda hake kushambira. Kureba kwayo yakasvika 300? Km!
• Munguva Antarctic, hapana kuneta kukuru. Masayendisiti kugara pano kurarama panguva yavo inotaura.

Arctic uye Antarctic Museum

Unoziva kupi Museum kweArctic uye Antarctic? Vanhu vazhinji havazivi aripo ane yunivhesiti yakadaro. Zvakaratidza pane miziyamu yakadaro!

It riri muguta St. Petersburg, iri kuvakwa yaimbova St. Nicholas Church Common Faith (mumigwagwa Vanya, 24a). Muna 1930 chechi yakanga yakavharwa uye akazarura ichi kujairika miziyamu mukati mamasvingo ayo. Iye chete otaura vashanyi munhoroondo uye kukura pakudzidza kweArctic uye Antarctic.

The pashoo inoratidza polar giya, nemamwe zviridzwa, zvisingawanzoitiki mifananidzo, mienzaniso ngarava uye dzinopwanya aizi, uyewo vakawanda mifananidzo unoratidza nyati uye hasha zvakaita polar kumatunhu Nyika.

In mhedziso

Uripi kweArctic, Antarctic uye Antarctica? Zvino unogona kupindura zviri nyore mubvunzo uyu uye kuratidza nzvimbo ichangobva kutaurwa ari panyika. Pasinei kure nezviuru makiromita pakati kweArctic uye Antarctic, pane zvakawanda zvakafanana pakati pavo. Muzvikamu zvose nyika wacho zvikuru inotonhora, pane zvakawanda chando, chando uye icebergs, uye akapotsa hapana zvinomera.