Archimedes - yemasvomhu, akati "Eureka"

Archimedes - a yemasvomhu Greek, akati "Eureka." Ndiye mumwe kupfuura nomukurumbira masayendisiti kubvira kare. Research mabasa Archimedes akabata kwete chete wemasvomhu, sezvo vanhu vakawanda vanofunga. Scientist akaratidza pasango wefizikisi uye zvomuchadenga, uye kunyange hurongwa. Akasika zvinhu kushandiswa muminda mabasa evanhu akasiyana, kubva kurima kuti zvehondo. Vamwe zvikamu yakataurwa Archimedes ndivo hwaro zhinji mano nhasi. Somuenzaniso, "Archimedes sikuruu" rinoshandiswa muna kongiri mixers uye nyama grinders. musayendisiti ichi chekare Greek waiva mumwe iconic mukufambisira tsika munyika uye nhoroondo.

A shoma Biography

Archimedes, vekare yemasvomhu, akati "Eureka", akaberekwa muna 287 BC muna Syracuse. Baba murume uyu akanga Phidias - nyanzvi uye nyanzvi yemasvomhu. Yaiva Pope kubvira ndichiri muduku akaisa muvana vavo kuda sayenzi, zvikurukuru nezvenyeredzi, masvomhu uye hurongwa.

MuIjipiti, Alexandria, yemasvomhu, akati "Eureka", akasangana anozivikanwa masayendisiti namazuva iwayo; Conon uye Eratosthenes. Gare gare, kuguma hwake pamberi Archimedes yakambotora unhu izvi. Greek yefizikisi vaigara ichatonga zvine mbiri Library weArekizandiriya. Zvaiva vanopfuura zviuru 700 mumanyoro. Zviri pachena, izvi ndiko Archimedes kudzidza mabasa Democritus uye Eudoxus, uyewo mamwe kuvazivisa geometry weGirisi yekare.

Asi muna Alexandria, musayendisiti haana kugara kwenguva refu. Nokukurumidza akadzokera kweSisiri. In Syracuse, akanga, uye kuteerera munhu, uye kutsigirwa nemari. Sezvo Archimedes akararama kwenguva refu, vakawanda chokwadi Biography wake rakada zvakanyatsobatana ngano uye kufungidzira, saka zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvakanga zvechokwadi uye zvisiri. musayendisiti Ancient Greek waiva consummate makanika theorist uye vaiita, asi masvomhu raiva basa rake.

The inozivikanwa shoko musayendisiti

vanhu vose vazive chii yekare yemasvomhu akati "Eureka", asi kwete kunyanya kuzivikanwa nevakawanda, pasi ezvinhu zvaitika. Inoshamisa kuvamba musayendisiti kuva chikonzero ngano raikura muupenyu hwake. Saka, pane nevakawanda rungano Archimedes akakwanisa kumisa kana Hiero mambo korona akaita zvachose nendarama kana akashanda ari kwayo pakusikwa mutengesi kusanganiswa zvinhu zvinokosha sirivha.

Vakanyarara goridhe uremu aizivikanwa, asi kuoma mubvunzo raiva pedyo milligram huwandu enhancement, sezvo korona yakanga irregularly kuumbwa. Archimedes kugona kupedza dambudziko iri. Kamwe, paakanga kugeza muimba yokugezera, akanga arohwa ne pfungwa: soka chigadzirwa, unogona kuisa inzwi rayo, akayera ane ruzha emura misha nayo.

Maererano nengano, Archimedes ari mushwi akamhanyira mumugwagwa nenzwi guru kuti "Eureka!", Zvichireva kuti "Found izvozvo!". Ndicho chikuru mutemo hydrostatics wakashamira panguva ino.

kwesainzi

Zvakawanda sayenzi yekare yemasvomhu. "Eureka" akanga asiri chete nemukurumbira mashoko ake. Zvakare, zvose kuudza ngano: Hiero sechipo kuna mambo weIjipiti, Ptolemy akavaka ngarava kwoumbozha inonzi "Sirokosiya". Asi chikepe vasingagoni kupinda mumvura. Archimedes akavaka cheni chitakuriso - kwegadziriro zvinogumbura, kuburikidza azosvika ubvume basa pamwe chete ruoko kufamba. Just chiitiko ichi chakava chikonzero ake mumwe wokuti akakurumbira: "Ndipei fulcrum uye ini kuchaita Pasi '!.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro yemasvomhu

Yemasvomhu, akati "Eureka", Archimedes, aiva muvambi anopfuura mana gumi nevaviri zvigadzirwa. Saka vakagadzirawo catapult kuti paanounza 250-kilogram matombo. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzemazuva ano vanodavira kuti munhu uyu akava pfuti.

Vachikudza murume uyu akangwara ainzi ane mwena, asi asteroid uye mumigwagwa mumaguta akadai Amsterdam, Nizhny Novgorod, Donetsk, ari Dnieper, uye, chokwadi, imwe nharaunda kuSirakusi.

Leibniz kamwe wakataura mashoko kuti kana nokungwarira kudzidza mabasa musayendisiti, Zvakawanikwa parutivi geometry asisiri kunzi itsva. Uye zvirokwazvo, mumwe uye chiuru hafu makore, ruzhinji Masvomhu vaGiriki vekare inodzokororwa ne Newton uye Leibniz nokudaro.

shasha rufu

Nyika yose anoziva yekare yemasvomhu, akaita zvakawanda zvakawanwa uye zvigadzirwa. Archimedes ndiani, kunyange vana vazive. Yakanga zvechokwadi shasha. Upenyu hwake wakakomberedzwa zvakavanzika uye ngano. Zvisinei, kunyange rufu musayendisiti haisi pasina zvakavanzika ayo. Saka, kana uchitenda mazwi Ioanna Tsetsa, mudzidzi wemasvomhu nourefu rimwe Kurwa kwakanga pedyo nomusha wake uye vaifunga pamusoro vanodhirowa kwakaitwa naye pamusoro mujecha, rakanga avete mumugwagwa. musoja wechiRoma akamhanya ari parutivi uye akafambira mberi mufananidzo. Pashure paizvozvo Archimedes vachipururudza "Usabata vanodhirowa" vakamhanyira murwi. Somugumisiro, musoja yekare vakauraya pachando ropa masvomhu.