Chii Ilizarov midziyo?

Muna 1951 iye akasikwa echimurenga yakaitika muna traumatology uye orthopedics - Ilizarov midziyo. Zvazvakadaro zviri ino nguva, hapana mumwe nzira pfupa kunotevera haana kugamuchira yakafara akaparadzirwa akadai nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov.

Ilizarov midziyo chinomiririrwa maviri simbi zvindori zviviri yegwara spokes. Akatasva kuti mudziyo dhipatimendi metaphyseal mapfupa Via intersecting waya simbi dzakasiyana dhayamita.

Mune mashanu remakore rechimakumi maviri, masayendisiti akawanda akaedza kuumba mudziyo nokuda osteosynthesis chreskostnogo, asi rakavambwa chete - kubva Ilizarov midziyo. Matambudziko kugadzwa mudziyo iri kushoma kubva chikwata ichi rinopa unhu immobilization pamusoro hunenge richiripo.

Kupa rushoma kushanda yakuvara (kudzorera kubereka ake uye mamwe mashandiro), unyanzvi ichi akabvumira kushandisa panguva kurapwa nguva tsandanyama maoko nemakumbo kuti kwete chete kuwana kukwira chirongwa vapore, asiwo zvakaita kuti kumhanyisa pakati nedanho Fusion zvimedu. Nyaya iyi iri nokuti kuti kushanda hunenge muzvidimbu ropa riyerere inowedzerwa kwete chete kwayo tsandanyama rinenge asiwo kune pfupa inotungamirwa. Inosimudzira ropa zvitengeswa callus inosimudzira mangwanani Fusion nezvimedu uye tishu anoporesa.

A pachena chepfungwa Ilizarov midziyo yayo kusiyana uye pakawanda. Nokuda siyana okunatsiridza uye yokuwedzera mano, unyanzvi uku osteosynthesis awana paupamhi kushanda mazuva okurapa.

Kupa yepamusoro kugadzira ari hunenge muzvidimbu Ilizarov midziyo kusika kushoma (shanduka) diastasis pfupa nezvimedu uye zvinyama havi tishu kukura. Nyaya iyi akabvumira kuti kurishandisa zvisiri chete kuti mishonga mitswe, asiwo kuzoita mamwe anatomical abnormalities (kazhinji nedzimwe urefu Mbabvu).

Kukuru basa uye Ilizarov boka rose masayendisiti uye vanachiremba kushanda kusika midziyo, dziri nokugadzirwa wakanaka, hapana analogues zvevakomana. Kombiyuta anowanzodanwa kushandiswa nhasi, bazi iri somushonga "kunotevera". Ilizarov midziyo akaita yokuita zvose zvakanakisisa kuti ringashandiswa osteosynthesis.

Nhasi, mudziyo uyu akagashira vamwe okunatsiridza. Saka, masayendisiti ichiitwa wandei netsvakurudzo kuti kutara zvechadenga mudziyo pakutanga nokuda spokes, uye takatsunga kwete chete nokuda kuomarara dzavo (dhayamita uye kudhonza simba pamusoro kubereka marin'i), asiwo angled perekrestov. Zvino Rigidity mukuru kuchengetwa perekrestov akataura panguva necheparutivi pamusoro mapfumbamwe inegumi. Uyezve, kuderedza kukuvara metaphyseal mapfupa rinenge (nokuisa spokes) zvakasiyana muromo (triquetrous uye shaped nepfumo) zvakasikwa. Kuti kuwedzera zvaibvira mutoro pamusoro Ilizarov midziyo munzvimbo ndima yacho spokes zvakananga kuburikidza pfupa rinenge chaizvo nzvimbo vakasikwa izvo kuwedzera vanotsigira pamusoro namano. Kwakadaro vaise Pedhi rinonyanya riri nechepakati chikamu spokes. Basa huru Mapedhi anogona kuita zvose zvemarudzi dzinokanganisa spokes pokunamatidza pamusoro payo uye flattening wevakabhuroka.

Kutsvakurudza Modern akaita kuti zvibvire kuti pave spokes-zvinenge zvakazara chaiyo unhani, izvo zvinosimudzira basa chakaita zvokugadzirwa mapfupa.

Kusvika panguva Ilizarov midziyo rakanakira repositioning pfupa zvimedu, uye zvichida chete nomutsa mudziyo vayo percutaneous osteosynthesis.