Chii kurema, sei kuverenga izvozvo, uye sei zvakasiyana kurema?

Concept nako tiri vanoziva kubva muduku, - uremu. Asi, mukufamba wefizikisi pamwe zvidzidzo ayo anosanganisira zvimwe zvinetso. Saka, tinofanira pachena kutsanangura chii uremu. Sei rinogona kuwanikwa? Uye nei hazvina kuenzana kurema?

Kutsunga vakawanda

Natural nezvesayenzi pfungwa mutengo ichi ndechokuti anosarudza chitsama pafuma huri mumuviri. Nokuti ayo rokuti zvakakurumbira kushandisa Latin tsamba m. The chairema yakayerwa munyika vomureza kwava kilogram. In nematambudziko zvoupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye aiwanzoshandisa non-SI: giremu, uye tani.

Paboka yechikoro mhinduro kumubvunzo wefizikisi: "Chii uremu" hunopiwa kudzidza chinonakidza kuti inertia. Zvadaro rinorondedzerwa so muviri anogona kudzivisa nokuchinja kumhanya kufamba kwavo. Saka, anonziwo inertial guru.

Chii uremu?

Chekutanga, icho simba ari vector. Weight racho scalar uwandu. Weight Vector anogara vasiyana rutsigiro kana kuturika uye chinotungamirwa mune imwe nhungamiro sezvo simba regiravhiti, kureva, vertically pasi.

The yemaitiro nokuti pakuverenga kurema inoenderana nokuti rubatsiro urwu zvinofamba (kuturika). Kana vamwe hurongwa kushandisa kutaura:

P = M * g, apo F (mu Chirungu akashandiswa tsamba W) - uremu, g - kumhanyisa regiravhiti. G nokuti nyika wakatorwa kutorwa 9.8 m / S ^2.

Kubva ichi yemaitiro uremu kunogona hwokurara: m = F / g.

Kana kuenda pasi, kureva nenzira uremu chiito, kukosha kwayo kunoderedza. Naizvozvo, nzira inova:

P = M (g - a). Pano, "munhu" - ndiye kumhanyisa ari kufamba hurongwa.

Ndiko, kana wakaenzana izvi accelerations zviviri hauremi mamiriro kunoitika apo muviri kurema akaenzana razero.

Kana muviri anotanga kwira, ipapo kutaura pamusoro kufuta. In izvi, kune zadzisa ezvinhu. Nekuti muviri uremu kunowedzera, uye nzira yaizoita seizvi:

P = M (g + a).

Sezvo gobvu chokuita arambe achirema?

Very nyore. The kukuru arambe achirema yemashoko iyo muviri chinosanganisira, zvikuru kukosha achava kwayo vakawanda. Nekuti arambe achirema kunotsanangurwa so nhamba mbiri tsika. Chokutanga vhoriyamu guru - wechipiri. Unoratidza kukosha ichi wasarudza Greek tsamba ρ. The chairema yakayerwa ndiyo nhamba makirogiramu kuti cubic mita.

Zvichienderana ose pamusoro, vazhinji payakavakirwa anotora zvinotevera fomu:

M = ρ * V, sezvamakaropafadzwa V runotaurwa netsamba vhoriyamu muviri.

Interesting dambudziko

Mushure kugadzirisa mubvunzo chii uremu, unogona kutanga kugadzirisa matambudziko. Avo kuti vane zvemafaro kugutsikana, kuva kufarira vadzidzi.

Task № 1. Conditions: Wini Pooh akagashira maviri akafanana fő muhari. Mune mumwe wavo, uchi, mafuta mune dzimwe. Ndinoziva sei apo uchi pasina kuvhura navo?

Decision. uchi arambe achirema kupfuura mafuta. Wokutanga ane ukoshi 1430 makirogiramu / m ^3, uye wechipiri - 920 makirogiramu / m ^3. Saka, pamwe zvakafanana hari kuti uchi achava kwakanyanya.

Kuti kuva mhinduro kunyatsoenderana kuti mubvunzo racho vanofanira kuverenga zvakawanda uchi uye mafuta ari muhari. Bhuku ravo kuvazivisa - 1 fő. Asi Masvomhu zvaida kukosha cubic metres. Saka, tinofanira kutanga kuita shanduro. Mune mamita rimwe ³ rine 1000 litres. Naizvozvo, kana kuverengwa mugumisiro kunodiwa kutora kukosha bhuku akaenzana 0,001 ^m3.

Zvino nzira uremu kunogona kushandiswa, umo arambe achirema kane vhoriyamu. Pashure nyore Masvomhu akadaro vakawana vakawanda tsika: 1,43 makirogiramu uye 0,92 makirogiramu uchi uye mafuta azvaitwa.

Mhinduro: The muhari uchi kuoma.

The basa nhamba 2. Condition: Clown otora kurema pasina matambudziko, pamusoro zvakanyorwa, kuti murume uremu iri 500 makirogiramu. Chii mukanyiwa chairo kurema, kana zviri akaenzana Vhoriyamu 5 litres, uye fuma iyo Wakaitwa, - the chivhariso?

Decision. In tafura unofanira kuwana kukosha koko arambe achirema. It akaenzana makirogiramu 240 / m ^3. Zvino tinofanira kushandura kukosha bhuku, wawana 0,005 mamita ^3.

Kuziva tsika izvi hazvisi nyore kushandisa nechakare payakavakirwa kuverenga guru nyepera uremu. Zvinonzi vakawana akaenzana 1,2 makirogiramu. Zvino ndinonzwisisa nei chigure hakusi nyore.

Answer. Mukanyiwa chairo kurema ndiwo 1,2 makirogiramu.

Problem № 3. Conditions: Genie agere chubhu, bhuku iro harizivikanwi. Asi arambe achirema kwayo panguva ino yakanga 40000 makirogiramu / m ^3. Pandakasunungurwa kubva mubhotoro, yava tsika kuva parameters womunhu: vhoriyamu 0.08 mamita ^3, arambe achirema pakati 1000 makirogiramu / m ^3. Chii vhoriyamu chomwenje?

Decision. First unofanira kuziva kwayo uremu mune chakaipa mamiriro. Zvichava akaenzana makirogiramu 80. Zvino tinogona anozodzidza kuwana mwenje goho. Taifunga kuti Jean inoremekedzwa zvose nzvimbo mukati maro. Zvadaro kuda kupatsanurwa kuti arambe achirema chevanhu vakawanda, kureva 80 kusvika 40.000 kuwana kukosha 0.002 mamita ^3. Kuti akaenzana marita maviri.

Answer. The Vhoriyamu mwenje akaenzana 2 litres.

Matambudziko nokuti vakawanda kukarukureta

Kuenderera kukurukura pamusoro chii mukanyiwa, vanofanira kuva chisarudzo mabasa chokuita noupenyu. mamiriro ezvinhu maviri vanoonekwa pano, izvo hucharatidza kushandisa ruzivo uchidzidzira.

The basa nhamba 4. Condition: ngarava tsaona yakaitika, zvakazoita raparadza mafuta muGulf muna 1979. panzvimbo yayo aiva dhayamita ine 640 M uye Ukobvu vanenge 208 cm. Ko uremu mafuta yakateurirwa?

Decision. Oil arambe achirema 800 makirogiramu / m ^3. Kuti kushandisa kare inozivikanwa wevacheche, unofanira kuziva vhoriyamu yenzvimbo. Zviri nyore kuverenga, kana tikatora panzvimbo yacho humburumbira. Ipapo yemaitiro nokuda vhoriyamu richava:

V = π * R ² * h.

Pakazoti R - ndiye nharaunda uye H - kureba humburumbira. Uchawana mashoko wakaenzana 668,794.88 ^m3. Zvino unogona kuverenga mukanyiwa. Zvinoitika seizvi: 535034904 makirogiramu.

Pindura: Oil kurema ndiwo anenge 535.036 matani.

Task № 5. Conditions: Kureba wakarebesa runhare wire ndiyo 15151? Km. Chii uremu hwemhangura, iyo vakaenda kwayo gadzira kana waya muchinjikwa chikamu chiri 7,3 masendimita ^2,?

Decision. Copper arambe achirema ndiyo 8900 makirogiramu / m ^3. Musha ndeyokuita payakavakirwa iyo unotora munhu chigadzirwa chawo tsoka nokukwirira (pano waya urefu) humburumbira. Asi kutanga unofanira kutendeutsa nzvimbo ino pachivara mamita. Izvozvo dzakapararira nhamba akapiwa 10000. Mushure kukarukureta rinozobudawo kuti zvachose Vhoriyamu waya anenge akaenzana 11000 mamita ^3.

Zvino unofanira vawande pamusoro arambe achirema uye vhoriyamu tizive, chii uremu. Zvinoguma dzinoverengeka 97900000 makirogiramu.

Mhinduro: mhangura kurema ndiwo matani 97900.

Chimwe chinetso chokuita mukanyiwa

Task nhamba 6. Condition: The zvikuru kenduru uremu 89867 makirogiramu ane dhayamita pamusoro 2,59 M Chii yakanga yakakwirira.?

Decision. Wax arambe achirema - 700 makirogiramu / m ^3. Kukwirira aifanira kuwana nzira yokuita bhuku. Kureva, V yakakamurwa zvibereko π uye yaiungana yacho nharaunda.

Uye bhuku rinowanikwa kurema uye arambe achirema. Zviri akaenzana 128,38 ^m3. Kukwirira chete raiva 24,38 m.

Mhinduro: Kureba kwembiru kenduru iri 24,38 m.