Chii Requiem

Requiem. Patinonzwa shoko iri, nokusaziva izvozvo akatibereka kusuwa zvechokwadi, nokuti kazhinji chokuita zvinosuwisa. Munyori akanyora mabasa mazhinji kuti zvinomiririra anokosha nguva upenyu, pamwe nekusuwa. basa rinokosha chirangaridzo, iro Akaperekedzwa chaicho nziyo vakasikirwa zvinosuwisa.

Ndokusaka mubvunzo kuti chii chiri requiem, pane chimwe chete mhinduro - mariro uye Requiem Misa, izvo zvakatsaurirwa kuna kuyeuka vakafa. Izvi inosanganisira mabasa akadai marimba se: "Ishe, ivai netsitsi," "Zuva Rokutongwa" kana "Zuva Yokutsamwa" uye "Gwayana raMwari." KuMiddle Ages raiva guru choral basa, iyo yakavakirwa rwiyo pamusoro Gregorian dau. Chapel akanga kunyanya unhu Catholic Church. Mabasa dzakavakwa maererano mitemo yakasimba uye havana kushandiswa muupenyu yokunyika. Dzechokwadi Requiem yakawanikwa ayo chaiwo vanotarira kuna 1570, iye pachake zvatenderwa Pope Pius V.

Requiem yakasiyana mumachechi akasiyana. The Lutheran uye Catholic, rinoreva "rugare nokusingaperi" uye, chokwadi, ndizvo kuziva dzisinganyaradziki kurwadziwa nokuti akabva nokusingaperi, chete vakanyorwa neimwe zvekuimba chimiro. MuChechi yeOrthodox basa iri kungogumira kuzviomesera inzwi romunhu mumhanzi pasina, polyphony akashandisa vatendi vechokwadi chete ndivo mutemberi.

mhando iyi mimhanzi akagashira kwakakurumbira nemhaka kuita iri mumachechi Catholic. Achishandisa yakasiyana acoustics zvivako yekare, kutinhira kwesimba kujairika dzevanhu manzwi nenyere zviridzwa vakabatsira pakusikwa ounyanzvi kwemakore ose.

Pakutanga shoko requiem rataimboshandisa mumhanzi, chine anoverengeka zvikamu. Mashoko acho akanga akanyorwa muchiLatin.

Chii nhasi ane requiem? Sapakutanga, kuchema ichi, choral mumhanzi. Rine Solos kuti kuridza nekwaya. Pakuzvichenesa hunhu hwake asisiri kutonga, uye zvishoma nezvishoma akachinja navanopinda konzati chirongwa mumhanzi ensembles. Sezvo modernity akachinja requiem. Zvichireva harisati chete, uye Vanyori, sapakutanga, vachipedzera zvaanoyeuka nomudiwa kana vazhinji vakafa muhondo, uchishandisa asiri dzakafuridzirwa magwaro.

Wakambonzwa nomwoyo wose wakaridza kubva pamoyo, nemamwe pakupfutidza manzwiro kushungurudzika uye kuchema rwiyo Mozart? Iye, zvinosuwisa, handina kukwanisa kuipedza kusvikira pakuguma, sezvo akafa. Kana iwe uri vanoziva basa iri, hazvina zvakakodzera kutsanangura kuti requiem. It ndiyo korasi yakadaro, pakutanga kurira kuti uchanzwisisa sei. Pano, mashoko asina kudiwa, nokuti music - shungu kuti haangatongopfuuri munhu zvisingaperi, uye iye Zvimwe kwakunoitwa mumhanzi. Mozart zvaJehovha Requiem icharira rekare vanhu ruchavapo.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri ichi mimhanzi mhando vakauya kudanana XVIII remakore, pakanga pasina mutinhimira kupfuura imwe requiem. Kukosha chidimbu ichi mimhanzi mumazuva iwayo, haagoni dzakanaka (zvinoreva tsika Genres mimhanzi matsvene). Above pavo vaishanda Ludwig Van Beethoven, Ferenc Liszt, Saint-Saens, Russian munyori Osip Kozlovsky nevamwe vazhinji.

A nzvimbo inokosha inogarwa Requiems pamusoro Brahms Vanyori, Verdi kuti "Hondo Requiem" by Benjamin Britten, basa "paMisa C-duku" by L. Cherubini, yakatsaurirwa kuna ndangariro pamusoro Louis XVI, uyewo "Polish Requiem" by Penderecki.

Chii chinonzi requiem? mumhanzi chinoita munhu uyu vanofunga kuti upenyu inopfuura uye zvachose kurasikirwa.