Chii zvipenyu kukosha asexual kubereka mune miti?

Kuwedzera nhamba yevanhu mhando - rinokosha basa chero muviri. Ndokusaka, pamwe kurara kubereka asexual akazviratidza. Plants vari dzakashandisa dzavo zvinobudirira kufambiswa, uchishandisa nhengo dzomuviri wake. Chii zvipenyu kukosha kwezvinhu asexual kubereka? Ndezvipi zvakanakira nekuipira nzira iyi?

Chii asexual kubereka?

Mumwe zvinangwa ariko mupenyu muviri - kutamba pachavo mhando kwavo. Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko iri, miti, mhuka, mabhakitiriya, uye dzimwe nhengo zvipenyu vakawana dzavo kuwedzera nhamba. Ndosaka kubereka dzinopiwa mumwe parameters ose upenyu pamwe kukura, simba muviri, kuti nguva dzose ari womukati kwezvakatipoteredza, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Asexual kubereka - ndiyo nzira iyo kutora chikamu utachiona masero haina kuzvireva. Zvisinei, Gametes kutamba inokosha basa nokuumbwa itsva Muviri nemagene zvinhu, hakusi nguva zvichiita kuti chinja kuti ukwanise kubereka nzira. Chii zvipenyu zvinorevei asexual kubereka?

Vamwe Utachiona, dzakadai utachiona - ndiro chete Tingawedzera yevagari saizi. Nokuti vamwe mhuka uye chirimwa nyika asexual uye zvepabonde kubereka zvinodiwa pamwero zvakaenzana. Kana rokutanga rinoshandiswa nokuda quantitative kuwedzera nhamba, wechipiri - nokuti unhu (kureva shanduko magene zvinhu).

Mhando asexual kubereka

Kutamba azvo pachavo panguva kumhanya - ndizvo zviri zvipenyu kukosha asexual kubereka ezvinhu zvipenyu. Izvi mhando kubereka akura, uye naizvozvo ayo kutonga nhongonya low kukura nhengo. Next zvichakurukurwa mhando asexual kubereka, zvinogona kuitika nenzira dzakasiyana taxonomic mumapoka.

1. Binary fission. Izvi mhando kubereka ndizvo kuti vakawanda vamiririri prokaryotes uye majemusi. Sero anoumba munhu transverse partition iyo rinokamukana mune hafu, nokudaro achiumba mwanasikana masero maviri.
2. Schizogony. Nzira iyi inogona sechinhu nani shanduro binary weboka, kana mumwe sero hwapedyo subsidiaries akawanda. First yakakamurwa paro, uye ipapo - muchitokisi pachayo. Izvi mhando kupararira kunogona kuonekwa mune upenyu kutenderera Sporozoa (semuenzaniso, Plasmodium falciparum), uye vamwe algae.
3. Yotunga. Pasinei nyore binary fission uye schizogony, kwete zvinenge zvose, izvi maberekero nzira vanogona kubudirira. Nokuti izvi chinyakare metazoans sezvo Coelenterates, inozivikanwa yotunga - kuumbwa muviri mutsva muchimiro outgrowth, iyo kutanga zvakabatana munhu ari mubereki, uye ipapo kure. Kana "itsvo" yakadaro haina akochonorwa, zvinoumba mapoka zvipenyu anoverengeka. Yotunga zvakare maitiro mbiriso.
4. Haisi. Izvi kubereka kunobva mhando muviri anogona panoda. Ndiwo maitiro planarians, nemerteans, sechipanji, vamwe filamentous algae. Kana zvokuimba kukuvara mubereki munhu unogona kukamurwa akawanda zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe tibvunze kuti muviri mutsva.
5. Sporulation kana spore inotungamirwa. The kupfuura mberi mhando asexual kubereka, sezvo paumbwe nharo ane kupanana magene mashoko. Somugumisiro, mashoko genotype zvizvarwa siyanei kwomubereki shiri. Sporulation anogona kuonekwa notumwe, algae, horsetails, ferns, chikwindi, Moss.

Chii zvipenyu kukosha asexual kubereka miti?

Chirimwa umambo rakakamurwa spore uye mbeu. Aimbova zvinosanganisira mosses, horsetails, tsvimbo mosses, ferns, uye kune wechipiri - gymnosperms uye angiosperms. Asexual kubereka vana spore miti iri kunyanya paumbwe spores. In gymnosperms uye angiosperms sporulation anoramba sechinhu zvenguva danho iri kwaita gametes (microspores uye megaspory). Kubereka nokushandisa nhengo dzomuviri - ndizvo zvipenyu kukosha asexual kubereka mune miti.

Vegetative kubereka ndiwo maitiro chete nokuda zvikuru dzakabudirira mhando kasvisto, uye zvakare chete mhando asexual kubereka. In nzira iyi spore zviri apo neapo. Ndicho chimwe chinhu, zvinhu zvipenyu kukosha asexual kubereka mune miti.

Sei kubereka kwemarudzi vegetatively?

1. Nadzurudzo of hunde. Izvi zvinosanganisira Mabumba, corms, rhizomes, stolons, tubers, ndebvu. At izvi chirimwa nhengo dziri aumba wokugaya nhungirwa kubva izvo mapazi matsva kukura. nzira iyi kubereka inogona kuwanika AND tulip, yokwaNakisasi, hanyanisi, blackberries, Iris, mastrawberry, mbatatisi uye zvichingodaro. D.
2. Root tubers (korneklubni). Miviri ava adventitious midzi, zviri stocking muviri. Korneklubnyami erudzi Violet, Jerusarema artichoke, Dahlia.
3. Kuchekwa. Kugoverana - ndiko chero chikamu hunde, iyo ine dzinenge imwe raiva pedyo nebundu chete adventitious wotungira. Dzimwe nguva yakakwana ruchikonzera semucheka pasina hunde. Mienzaniso zvinomera: Begonia, Fuchsia, Dracaena, etc ...

The chaivo basa asexual kubereka zvinomera

Process gamete inotungamirwa inotsamira zvinhu zvakawanda. Kazhinji, asexual kubereka inogona hubudirire, nokuti unogona kuitwa pasina kunobatanidza gametes. Nokuti spore miti zvachose Nde chezvinonhuwira upenyu kutenderera. Nokuti mbeu - a vegetative kubereka, umo unogona kuwedzera nyore nhamba yevanhu.

Chii zvipenyu zvinorevei asexual kubereka? Izvi zvichaita kwete chete kumhanya, asi kuderedza Implementation rikurumidze. Kana kurara kubereka mamiriro optimum kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa zvokunamata pamusoro chirimwa, iyo asexual kunogona kuitika chero nguva woupenyu wacho.

Zvisinei, vegetative kupararira ane zvainovhiringidzawo ayo. Somuenzaniso, pamwe kwakadai kubereka hapana kupanana magene mashoko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirimwa haisi dzakashandisa nhamba zvizvarwa ezvinhu matsva zvakatipoteredza, uye izvi zvingaita kuti kurasikirwa nevanhu kuti miitiro inoburitsa zvinhu zvakanyatsofanana yapihwa.

Kushandiswa kwevanhu asexual kubereka zvinomera

Pfungwa kubereka iri zvinowanzoshandiswa zvebhizimisi. Vegetative kubereka zvinomera inobvumira kudyara maturakiti nyika mbatatisi, hanyanisi, beets, makarotsi, mastrawberry, Strawberry uye zvichingodaro hombe. D.

Uyewo vegetative kupararira anobvumira kuwedzera uwandu zvadzinofura, muriwo, zvishongo zvirimwa, uchagadzikana kuramba zvinomera ezvinhu yaivhuvhuta dzezvakatipoteredza Via inoculation.