Chitendero muKazakhstan: kutarisa mukati mekare, zvinhu chaizvo

Kazakhstan inyika ine nhoroondo yekare yekare yechitendero. Zvitendero zvakawanda zvakayambuka pano, dzimwe dzadzo dzakwegura kwazvo. Chitendero muKazakhstan chakanyanyisa, uye zvakakodzera kutarisa.

Nguva yekutanga yeIslam

Nguva refu mushure mekunge Islam isvika kuKazakhstan, Tengrians yakapararira pano. Mukutenda uku, mwari mukuru ndiye Tengri. Iri zita raishandiswawo kune dzimwe vamwari, asi dhesi pamusoro pavo rakanga risina kuchengetedzwa.

Chinokosha chekutenda uku ndiko kupatsanurwa kwenyika muzvikamu zvitatu: kudenga, pasi uye pasi. Zvinhu zvakasikwa, zvisikwa zvaive zvichishandurwa. Ichi chitendero muKazakhstan chaivawo nemamiriro ezvinhu enyika. Vasi vekumaodzanyemba vaitenda utsvene hwemapako. Mumwe wavo, somuenzaniso, vakadzi vakadzienda kuzobata vana. Kumabvazuva, nyika yevatsvene yakagadzwa vakuru vemapoka akafanana.

Shamanism zvakare yaitonga Islam muKazakhstan. The Supreme Shaman yaiita tsika, achitaurirana nemweya yemadzitateguru. Zvirongwa zvakadai zvinomubatsira kuti aporese vanhu, vawane mombe dzakarasika uye kunyange kutarisira zvisikwa.

Kuuya kweIslam

VaMuslim vakapinda muKazakhstan kwemakore anopfuura zana. Chitendero, chakagamuchira nyika yeSouth yenyika yacho, chakapararira zvikuru pakupera kwezana remakore rechi10 mu Semirechie uye kumiganhu yeSyr Darya. Zvisinei, chikamu chezvikamu zvinonzi chiKristu (Nestorianism), iyo yakauya pano muzana remakore rechi12 ne13 neanim.

Kwenguva yakati, kukurudzirwa kweIslam muKazakhstan kwakagadziriswa nekuda kwekukundwa kwenharaunda nemaMongolia. Panguva iyoyo, madzinza eTurkic neMongolia akaomerera kune zvitendero zvechechi. Izvi zvakachengetedzwa pasi peKhan Burke panguva yeHorld Horde, uye zvakasimbiswazve naKar Uzbek. VaSufi vaMuslim vaifanira kutora chitendero chavo kuenda kumakumbo. Asi pasina nguva mamishinari akapiwa nzvimbo yevatungamiri vevaduku.

Gore roga rega chitendero cheMuslim muKazakhstan chakasimbisa nzvimbo dzayo. Misikiti yakawanda yakaonekwa, inowanzovakwa pamutengo wekutsvaga mari yega. Kunyatsoshandiswa kwemutemo weSharia muhupenyu hweKazakhs zvakaitika panguva yekutonga kwaSultan Aryn-Gaza.

Muzana remakore rechina reXIX rakaratidzwa nechisimba chevatapi veTatars, avo vaiwanzova miralah uye vakaita mabasa ekudzidzisa, vakabatsira pakuvandudza tsika netsika yekuverenga. Gare gare, pakati peMuslim Kazakhs, maitiro emazuva ano anowanzobuda - Jadidism, iyo inosimudzira dzidzo yepasi uye dzidzo munharaunda.

Current situation

Saka, rudzi rwechitendero chiri muKazakhstan nhasi? Panguva ino, iyi republic is poly-confessional. Kune hurumende dzinopfuura 3 000. 40 masangano anomirirwa nezvivako zvechitendero zvinopfuura 2500.

Chitendero chikuru muKazakhstan is Sunni Islam. Kune masangano anopfuura 1600 echiMuslim, masikiti anopfuura 1 500 akavakwa. Nhamba yevagari venyika vanozviti chiIslami inosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu, uye iyi inyika dzakawanda.

Nzvimbo yeChipiri maererano nehuwandu hwevatendi pano iOrthodox Christianity, mugove wayo inenge 30%. Mukuwedzera, kune vanopfuura 300 000 Makatorike muKazakhstan vane nheyo dzakasimba.

Asi izvi hazvisi zvose zvitendero muKazakhstan. Pakati pevagari vemo kune maProtestanti akawanda, vaJudha, Buddhist, nezvimwewo. Mushure mokuwana rusununguko, temberi yekutanga yeBuddhist yakavakwa pano, nhamba huru yemasikiti matsva, machechi, machechi, dzimba dzekunamatira, masinagogi akavakwa.

Zvivakwa zvechitendero zvakakurumbira

Zvivakwa zvinoshamisa zvemaitiro akasiyana-siyana ezvitendero nemapurani ezvigadzirwa zvekushongedza maguta ehurumende, zvichiwedzera kukurudzira kwevashanyi. Pakati pevakakurumbira zvikuru:
1. Muzinda weRugare nekubatana
2. Mosque we Nur-Astana
3. Beit Rakeri Ramasinagoge - Habbad Lubavitch
4. Nzvimbo Yakakwirira Inokwidzwa Cathedral
5. Cathedral yaamai vaMwari Kubatsira pasina

Nur-Astana ndiyo musikiti mukuru muCentral Asia, uye Beit Rachel-Habbad Lubavitch Synagogue, pamwe chete, ndiyo sinagogi huru mune ino .

Avo avo vakambove vari kune nyika ino yekunaka vanoziva kuti nyika dzakawanda sei Kazakhstan. Chitendero uye rusununguko rwarunosarudza ndeimwe yekodzero dzevagari vemo, iyo inobudirira kunoonekwa pano. Kushivirira uye kuremekedzana mune hukama hwekupa mvumo ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa kushanda kwevanhu.