Db - nayo ... The mhando uye zvivako ane Database

Db - chinhu Acronym kuti anomirira "Database" kana "Database" (zvichienderana chechinyorwa). Munyaya ino, tinofunga kuti / ivo, chii uye kupi kushandisa. Uyewo dzinokurukura DBMS uye Database - ndizvo chete kana kwete.

mazwi

Database akataura zvimwe muronga dzigare mairi mashoko. Db - uyu ane ruzivo womuenzaniso, vachikwanisa iine mamwe data, pamwe proviso kuti vachanzwikwa akarayira. Mumwe nemumwe wedu akashanda Database kanenge kamwe, asi vakanga vasingagoni kunyange zvokufungidzira, somuenzaniso, nokupinda ari kutsvaka izwi, isu tobva pamwero mukuru hwaro dzakananga ruzivo Data.

DBMS - nderimwe Acronym, iro rinomirira "Database kutarisirwa hurongwa". Kazhinji kacho, dzinomirira zvakasiyana-siyana-software zvinogadzirisa, iyo unogona kuronga Database Data. Izvi zvinoreva kuzadza mashoko nechigadziko, vachirayira nayo, deleting, kukopa, ongororo uye zvakawanda.

Forms Database

In Database pfungwa, kune marudzi akawanda navo. pane:

• Ndeyeukama Databases (kubva Chirungu shoko ukama, iro anoshandura se "kubatana") - vanoonekwa ne noukama uye akaratidza kuva iine dyidzana masangano. Ekupedzisira dzinoturwa muchimiro pamahwendefa, izvo ane Database Data. Izvi ndicho mhando Database.
• Hierarchical - nokuda mwero "mubereki-mwana", "mukuru-omurume".
• Network - nhungirwa yapfuura kwemarudzi.
• Kuramba vaifarira, izvo kushanda zvakananga yakakodzera zvirongwa nzira (PLO).

Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chazvo zvose, zvokurega munzira inokosha pfungwa uye pfungwa ane Database.

Db - chiratidzo?

Ndeyeukama Databases vari mu kumiririrwa yavo yekushandisa haakonzeri zvinetso kunzwisisa - chine chikwangwani chakanyorwa mashoko. Kujekesa, unogona kudana kubatsirwa chaizvo rinozivikanwa Database makambani "Microsoft" - "Acces", chikamu kwavo yekushandisa hofisi mafomu pasuru.

In ndeyeukama Database pamatafura vane vakanyoresa (mitsara) uye minda (mbiru). Wokutanga rine mashoko pakarepo, humboo kare - tsanangudzo zvinorevei yakarekodwa. Somuenzaniso, munda - "zita" kupinda - "Catherine".

For minda rinotsanangurwa ukoshi mhando. Vangave Numeric, hunhu, zuva, nguva, etc. Uyewo, tafura nomumwe ane kuva kiyi munda - .. Record mairi inonanga kuziva mashoko.

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti Database pacharo - harisi tafura. The Database anogona kuchengetwa kubva mumwe anoverengeka zana matafura, zvichienderana uwandu uye zvakasiyana-siyana mashoko.

Relationships pakati matafura

Kuti vave nechokwadi ukama pakati mabwendefa Database ane schema. Communications ndiwo:

• "Imwe-kuti-mumwe" - mumwe zvinopupura patafura anoenderana mumwe chete rekodhi neimwe ndiro.
• "Imwe-to-zhinji" uye "vazhinji-kuti-zhinji". Record anogona dzinoenderana inoverengeka ukama tafura. Nerumwe (musimboti wechipiri).
• "Vazhinji-kuti-zhinji". Hazvina kuoma zvokufungidzira kuti iyi, misara akawanda anogona kusarudzwa kubatanidza akawanda mitsara imwe tafura (link yakadaro yakarongwa uchishandisa inoshandiswa pakutsigira tafura uye miviri inoratidza kupfuura mhuka).

Kutamira kumusoro pasi

Hierarchical Database vane zvakawanda muronga pane hukama. Avanotarisira pakuomerera kuteerera. Pane mudzi chinhu - ari "muromo", iro davi kubvisa pasi - "venhaka" kana "vana". Hierarchical Database - pakadarowo ane muti chivako umo tateguru mumwe chete angava ari mumwe raiva pedyo nebundu.

Iyi mhando zviri nyore kushandisa kuvaka repositories mashoko kare akarayira chivako: somuenzaniso, nechigadziko reuto kana faira Data maneja. Zvakaipira ichaongororwa hazviiti kuti chikwata kuti vanopfuura mumwe mubereki, uyewo kunzwisisa kwakaita Database pfungwa.

wedzera ukama

Network db simbi kusarudza kushaya hierarchical ainzi chete kumusoro. "Vazhinji-to-zhinji" Musiyano chete pakati ichi mhando dzokutambura ukama rakatanga, izvo iyi unoratidzwa yokuti sezvo tateguru angava venhaka zhinji, uye ivo, nevazukuru, munogona kubva nodes wandei.

Tabular kuratidzwa nzira

Pasinei nokuti matafura dzinobatana zvikurukuru ndeyeukama Databases uye hierarchical, network, uye zvinogonawo kumiririrwa dziri pamatafura. The chikuru musiyano pakati kwemarudzi aya - ari musimboti kuvakwa chivako: ndeyeukama, zvichienzaniswa nevamwe vaviri vakasununguka zvikuru uye shoma akarayira.

Chinhu akatarisa Style

Last vaiona mhando - chinhu-zvinangwa - mudukusa chakasviba. Izvi nokuti unyanzvi chaizvo. Complex date Zvivako dzakadaro chawo fomu chinhu uye kushanda zvakananga mutauro chinhu vaifarira zvirongwa. Vakanga muhurukuro eighties remakore rapfuura uye achigere kugamuchira mukurumbira zvikuru pamusana wayo kunzwisisa uye kwete yakakwirira chaizvo mwero nokukurumidza.