Editor you: murayiro, kurayiridza, anoiswa

Chizvarwa chitsva makombiyuta somunhu yakavakwa pamusoro nechepasi uchishandisa maitiro ane graphical inowanikwa. Nhasi, kunyange zvose yeuka kuti anenge makore 40 akapfuura, utariri zvose zvakaitwa kushandisa chaiyo rwezuva mirayiro, uye basa aine kombiyuta rakaita imwe-nzira kukurukurirana chat. Uye pasinei rwunotyisa kuchinja munyika zvemagetsi, aivapo akawanda mari chete kuraira-mutsetse mafeni, uye zvinogadzirwa kushandisa rugwaro mirayiro. Somuenzaniso, ari VI mupepeti, izvo vaiona imwe yenzvimbo nyore uye kusanduka maturusi kuti achitaipa nhasi. In zvinotevera kunyatsoongorora pamusoro zvinhu inomiririra him. Mirayiridzo mupepeti, dzinokosha mirayiro uye zvinogonekwa - zvose izvi pashure.

Chii thou?

At paro, VI haasi mumwe kunze chaiwo chinyorwa mupepeti, izvo vazhinji munguva kubva mangwanani 70 kuti mukupera 90 wacho. Izvi Kunyanya yl yakatanga muna 1976. Pfungwa asimbise mutsva nyore chinyorwa mupepeti akauya musoro Bill Joy, uyo akabva rakashandiswa mumwe akakurumbira chigadzirwa - ed. Maererano Joey nevamwe vake, ed akanga zvakaoma uye "munhu anofa" vaisagona mukudzidzire zvizere. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, Dzhordzh Koloris akasika yayo chinyorwa mupepeti, iyo Zvinoshamisa kunzi "mupepeti kuti munhu anofa", uye ipapo Bill dzakachinja uye kwakatungamirira ano pfungwa, izvo iripo nhasi.

System zvinodiwa

Hapana prerequisites kuti kukura murayiro mutsetse uye chinyorwa vapepeti akafanana thou haako. Unogona kutanga kubva muvare uye chimwe papuratifomu, kana Unix-zvakadai gadziriro (uye "nemaforogo" kwavari) kana nokugoverwa yakavakirwa Linux. In nomumwe wavo unogona kuisa thou mune fomu kana zvimwe. Vi mupepeti nokuti Windows kuvapowo.

Customer mikana

Usati watanga kushanda vi, unofanira kusarudza yakakodzera nemhosva. Chokwadi, unogona kushandisa uye pakutanga mupepeti, asi achatungamirira kuvandudzwa, uye anotarisa zvakaoma, saka, vanofanira kuteerera zvinotevera mafomu:

• Vim - a dzakachinja shanduro ainakidza mupepeti. The chikuru chepfungwa chirongwa kukwanisa kumisa tsika Extensions, akadai nemarongerwo highlighting Unicode rutsigiro, rutsigiro macro, kunze nomumwe muzvirongwa uye zvakawanda. Panewo shanduro imwe graphical inowanikwa inonzi GVim.
• Elvis - mumwe miitiro inoburitsa zvinhu zvakanyatsofanana yokutanga vi, rakanyorwa C zvirongwa mutauro uye rinowanika platforms zvose kamwechete. Hazvina wenguva chidzitiro mupepeti hunotsigira Windows nemarongerwo ichijekesa.
• Vile - kuedza nokubatanidza zvakanakisisa maviri yakakurumbira rwezuva vapepeti. Pakati vanoshandisa rugwaro vapepeti Emacs uye thou pane private daka. Ville Developers vakaedza nokubatanidza kiyi zviri zvirongwa zvose kuitira kuti kupa vanoshandisa aine ichiita mabasa akawanda chishandiswa kushanda wenyaya.
• NVI - Classic mupepeti inobva vi, recompiled zvakananga FreeBSD hurongwa.
• Nyoka - haisi kunyange chimwe mutengi, asi chete plugin nokuda yakakurumbira Emacs chinyorwa mupepeti unokubvumira kutevedza rugwaro mupepeti, him anorayira.

Kutanga pamwe him

Zvimwe kushanda mupepeti kunyange kuva kudhanilodha chinhu. Most Linux-nokugoverwa kuuya him yaisanganisira. Chaizvoizvo kumhanya chete vanofanira kupinda murayiro zvakakodzera uye kutaridzwa faira ichazarurwa. Kana uchida kuvhura faira mu vim, zvinokosha kunyora - «vim * faira zita * .txt». Pakarepo mushure, iwe zvichakurukurwa gwaro. Kuti usvinudze panzvimbo y, unofanira kutsiva chikwata musi - «gvim * faira zita * .txt». Pakutanga, unokwanisa kuraira nzira. Editor thou kunosanganisira basa modes zviviri: Edit muoti uye murayiro muoti. Chokutanga chinoshandiswa kupinda rugwaro, uye mumwe wekushandisa uye mabasa mabasa akadai kuchengetedzwa. Ngatitange pamwe murayiro muoti uye wekushandisa.

wekushandisa

Kutanga ndiko tinyatsoziva chii mupepeti thou mirayiro kubvumira kutamisira cursor iri gwaro. Mostly kushandiswa ichi chinokosha H, J, K, L, izvo basa kufamba kuruboshwe, pasi, uye zvakanaka, ukuwo. Kutaura zvazviri, mushanduro ano vi, kusanganisira vim uye hwakajeka "nemaforogo", vachitsigirwa basa museve, asi nokuzvimanikidza kushandisa chaiwo shanduro, iwe uchava pakupedzisira vajaire nayo uye kuti zvikuru nokukurumidza uye nyore. The chete Pakanzi chinogona kuvhiringidzika - nekusagona kutamira pamusoro mutsetse kubudikidza H uye Jehovha, kufamba uye pasi mabhatani tinongogara kushandiswa J uye k. Kutamira pakutanga kana pakupera mutsetse kiyi anoshandiswa uye $ 0. Kufamba pakati mapeji uchishandisa yokudimbudzira kiyi Ctrl + F uye Ctrl + B.

Kufamba pakati mashoko W makiyi anoshandiswa, e, b. Nokukurumidza kune chimiro rinotevera shoko, wokudhinda W wokutanga. Kutamira okupedzisira hunhu rinotevera shoko, wokudhinda E. Kusvikira kwakavakirwa kuti chimiro rapfuura shoko, wokudhinda b wokutanga. Panowo panova snag. Chokwadi chokuti kunzwisisa shoko mupepeti rinokamukana kuti chinhu dzezvimwe uye hyphens kune vakaparadzana mashoko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mashoko - usiku-nemotokari ichakurukurwa nemashoko nhatu dzakasiyana. Kuti varege kutambisa nguva pamusoro achikwakuka mhiri nokuputsanya, unogona kushandisa mirayiro nemabhii makuru, kureva, W pamwe W kana B b.

Kuti uwane anoyevedza akasvetuka inoshandiswa muzvikomberedzo (), uye {}. rubatsiro wokutanga kufamba pakati mitongo, uye vamwe pakati rose ndima.

The zvikuru yokuita nzira kufamba - zviri kufamba pemitsara uye mazvi. Kutamisira cursor kune imwe mutsetse, unofanira kupinda mutsetse nhamba uye G (ngazvive chinhu guru G). Kutamira imwe shoko, unofanira kutanga kutsvaka wako tichishandisa / mutambi. Somuenzaniso, kana uchida kuwana shoko anaphora, pinda / anaphora uye wokudhinda Enter. Kufamba pakati kutsvaka mashoko akashandiswa makiyi N uye N.

Editing uye Saving

Chokutanga, tsvaka nzira kuenda mupepeti him. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa pamwe murayiro q, izvo kungotaura anovhara chirongwa asina kuchinja. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pedyo chirongwa hakushande kana kuchinja chero zvakaitwa kuti gwaro racho. mhando iyi kudzivirira mashoko kurasikirwa, saka vasati achikusiyirai unofanira kuponesa akapinda mashoko nguva dzose. Kuchengetedza ari thou mupepeti iri vakaurayiwa murayiro: w. Zvikwata zvinogona vasanganiswa. Somuenzaniso, achitaipa: wq, iwe panguva aponese Data uye kuvhara chirongwa. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Kana uchida kuchengetedza achinja gwaro sechipiriso faira itsva, unofanira kushandisa murayiro mupepeti thou - «Save ikwidzwe", iro chinozoiswa nokupinda: w * faira zita * .txt.

Ikozvino ngatitaurei pamusoro "nyore" fora, izvo yakasungirirwa mirayiro zvakafanana pasina kuchinja zviri magwaro. Somuenzaniso, kubvisa chero vanhu vaishandisa X anokosha, uye J. kiyi inoshandiswa nokuda maererano pakati pemitsara miviri nomumwe kuti kubviswa ane mutsara yose vachishandisa kaviri kudzvanya makiyi d. Tsiva vatambi nokushandisa kiyi r.

Chero ari pamusoro mirayiro, unogona kutevedzera (kana kudzokorora kakawanda), achishandisa kiyi. (Dot). Saka, Somuenzaniso, inogona kubviswa mitsetse mana chete kupinda dd ....

Izvi mirayiro dzinogona kubatanidzwa. We munotoziva kuti achibatsirwa kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo) anogona kufamba munzvimbo pamugumo mutsetse, uye tichibatsirwa kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo}, unogona kusvetukira pakuguma ndima. Vashandi navo kiyi D, zvinobvira kuti zvinomuomera kuikanganwa mitsetse rose uye ndima pasina kutambisa nguva.

Kuziva sezvo thou mupepeti rinorayira kuti zvinomuomera kuikanganwa rugwaro, unofanira kudzidza nzira kudzorera zvose dzadzimwa (ndiani anoziva). Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kiyi nepfambi, izvo zvinoita kuti kutora danho shure, pasinei chiito Kwaiitirwa pamberi (kana Chokwadi, ichi hachisi kuvhara purogiramu).

pepeta muoti

Zvino kuti unoziva mirayiro kudzora chinyorwa mupepeti, yava nguva kuenda pane ayo pakarepo basa - kupinda rugwaro. The chaizvo urongwa chokupinda chinyorwa Chokwadi, hapana zvakasiyana zvimwe mupepeti, asi zvakakosha nguva dzose yeuka kuti unofanira kuramba ufambe pakati fora uye zvikwata. Kuwana hurumende kuchinja ndinoshingaira kana (chete kuti vari cursor nzvimbo mundima kuchaenderana). Pashure paizvozvo, unogona kutanga mubayiro pakarepo. Zvose rugwaro chichange akapinda rimwe mutsetse, chero iwe havashandisi bhatani Haiwa, izvo achasika mutsetse idzva, kana CC kubva chikwata, iyo ichatsiva kuitika zvinoenderana itsva rwezuva. Kudzokera murayiro muoti, shandisa Esc kiyi.

Visual rudzi, kopi namatidza

Uchishandisa ndima vapepeti, isu kazhinji kushandisa bhuku namatidza mashandiro anoita acho. Tiri kushandiswa kune kiibhodhi Shortcuts Ctrl + C uye Ctrl + V vemazuva anodawo enyika, saka basa rinogona sokunotyisa him. Kutaura zvazviri, haufaniri chete kuenda kuona nzira, ipapo kushandisa kare akadzidza zvikwata sarudza uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa chinyorwa. Copy mupepeti thou (kufanana namatidza) anoshanda chete ari mumufananidzo chaiwo muoti (kusashanda nokutsikirira v). Mugore chinooneka kwadzinoita rugwaro gwaro yenyu kunoratidzwa. Pachena nzvimbo zvinogona kuchinjwa nokushandisa kiyi kufamba uye mubatanidzwa ayo. Zvadaro, pashure kusarudza zvakakodzera nharaunda, chete venhau and kutevedzera rwezuva kana D nokuda kwayo kuzvicherera (kubviswa munharaunda yasarudzwa). Pinza rugwaro sezvo nyore - kutamisira cursor kune kutsvakwa nzvimbo uye muchisviniro P. The acho pakarepo mumunda mushure cursor.

mirayiro dzakaoma

Mukutonga kunzwisisa zvikwata inokonzerwa nechikwata vasanganiswa. Vakato zvataurwa pamusoro apa, asi vanofanira kuisa kamwe zvakare, nekuti nemhaka kurudyi wemishonga, unogona kuzadzisa kunonyanyisa zvibereko uye nyore.

Unogonawo kushandisa nhamba vamwe mirayiro kufamba. Somuenzaniso, kana uchida kuzununguka shoko rimwe, uye pakarepo kuna 6, pane matanhatu-nguva chinokutsimbirirai W, anongoti kupinda 6w. With nhamba dzinogona kubatanidzwa zvikwata zviviri chete. Somuenzaniso, kuti zvinomuomera kuikanganwa mashoko akawanda, unogona kushandisa d5w chikwata kuti abvise mashoko 5 chete. Saka, mubatanidzwa sadza kuchaita zvinomuomera kuikanganwa mitsetse, ndima uye zvichingodaro.

Tsiva chinyorwa

Pakati mamwe zvinhu ndiko kupa mukana kutsiva akakora orugwaro, uyewo zvose zvinenge zvidimbu yose gwaro. Zviri tsvarakadenga chinobatsira chisarudzo, kunyanya kana totaura-software remitemo kana kuzadza Profiles makuru pamwe nouya mashoko. Fungidzira kuti pane mashoko ari utsanangurirwe yasarudzwa mutsetse chemashoko, asi tinoda kuzvishandura mumwe, zvakadai kupa zvokudya pfungwa. Panyaya iyi, murayiro achava sezvinotevera -: s / tsananguro / kupa zvokudya nokuda kufunga /. Kutsiva zvose anotaura tsananguro iri gwaro anogona zvishoma omesa chikwata, ipapo vachaona seizvi -:% s / tsananguro / kupa zvokudya pfungwa / g.

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Saka zvino munoziva kuti hutonge mupepeti him. Munoziva zvose mirayiro inokosha sei kuchinja uye aongorore chinyorwa. Takasangana pamwe zvinobatsira mirayiro uye zvinogonekwa. Zvino ndiyo nguva yakakwana kuedza zvose vachiriteerera. Pasinei kwayo zvishoma sembura nechitarisiko uye yakakwirira chokuedza kupinda, VI mushure pfupi tsika kungava kwamuri kupfuura nyore yokuti kushandisa. Chinhu chikuru - musavhunduka, chinyorwa zvose vakadzidza mirairo, mumanyoro, uye kudzokorora zvose muruoko tsika kuti vauye unyanzvi zvitsva automaticity.