Gasi reserves munyika. Negasi reserves munyika

Kushandiswa negasi - chinhu chinokosha muupenyu ano. It rematsutso mudzimba dzedu yechando, kunotipa mukana kubika uye ageze nemvura inodziya, achibatsirwa uchifamba motokari uye mabhizimisi makuru mashandiro. Zvaisazova negasi - vachauya kuparara. Pasinei hombe gasi reserves munyika, unofanira kuva anonzwisisa uye zvibereko kushandisa mari zhinji kumarudzi mushure isu vanogona Makomborero yebudiriro.

Gas reserves munyika (2014)

Pasinei cubic metres negasi kana huri ura avo nyika dzakawanda, mumwe anofanira kungwarira uye mari wayo kugadzirwa uye kudya. Resource haina achiudza uye hakusiko aumbwa. Saka, nokufamba kwenguva kwaangave ichaguma.

The chaiyo negasi zvakavigwa pasi akaturikidzana enyika, hapana vachanditi iwe. Asi maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, tinogona kutaura 173 matiririyoni nekusimba reserves. More anenge 120 tiririyoni anofungidzirwa chakavanzika kubva pameso edu, uye ruoko murume haasati asvika pakavanda pfuma. Izvi zvinofanira kunge zvakakwana negasi chavanhu nemakore 65 chete okuberekwa. Where ndiko kuri gasi reserves munyika? Table rakanyorwa nenyanzvi, kuchatibatsira kupindura mubvunzo uyu.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane nyika pamwe reserves pakukura shale gasi munyika. Uyu ndiye United States, Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, Poland, Austria, Germany uye dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope.

Russia

nyika yedu ine vakapfuma deposits ino upfumi. Sezvinoratidzwa tafura, nokukosha Vhoriyamu negasi zvichisiyana 31 tiririyoni cubic metres kusvika 50. kubva muzana tine kubva 24 kusvika 40 muzana zvose zviripo gasi reserves munyika.

Vanopfuura hafu vanotarisira pfuma yamarudzi Russian Federation iri kumadokero munzvimbo kweSiberia, kupfuura kota - pasherefu of Kara uye Barents makungwa. Chikamu for pakati deposits vari kuramba mumakungwa pakati East ari Kure kweArctic, uyewo mune yokuAsia chikamu nyika. Kana nekusimba,-zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu rinoiswa mudumbu Yamalo-Nenets nharaunda. The European Chikamu Russia zvinokuhwandira chete 10%. Ndicho chikuru gasi reserves munyika, izvo chete dziripo.

Urengoy munda negasi - rechitatu pakukura munyika. Kazhinji, unogona kuchengeta 16 tiririyoni cubic metres. Gas Kugadzirwa zvinopa kambani "Gazprom", izvo anopa chigadzirwa kunyika dzakawanda dzeEurope.

Iran

The Kudeuka negasi reserves munyika, kunze Russia, uye ichi ndicho uyewo vechiIslam zvokuvhoterwa. Kungopa Masvomhu, riri pamusoro 16% vose huripo zvekuvaka munyika. Chinonyanya kukosha deposits vari kuchamhembe iri kumhenderekedzo iri Persian Gulf uye. Hurumende anoronga kuvaka gasi Mapaipi "Iran-Pakistan-India."

Itariro gasi reserves munyika makuru, uye Iran ane mugove wavo weshumba. Naizvozvo, akagadzirira kukwikwidzana Russia romugove mari mu Europe. Simba Islamic Republic ari kuisa negasi muna kuchamhembe-kumadokero. Route nzira tiri vazhinji kuburikidza Turkey, Siriya, Iraq uye Caucasus. Kunyange zvazvo vanotarisira bazi rokutanga, mutevedzeri Mafuta Gas Minister Ali Majed akadana kupfuura zvinovimbisa.

Kuvaka gasi Mapaipi chakapedzwa muna 2019. Panguva iyoyo, uye uchatanga pakusununguka. Turkey achagamuchira mabhiriyoni matanhatu cubic metres kubva negasi pagore, sezvo dzaifanoiswa nyika, asi muna Europe vachaenda anenge kaviri Vhoriyamu upfumi.

Qatar

A nyika duku kuti haasi munhu wose achawana pamepu yenyika, ane guru chaizvo gasi reserves. Nyika wechitatu uwandu cubic metres negasi zvakavigwa muura enyika. Inenge iri 24-26 tiririyoni m³. Zvichienderana kwenhamba kumusoro, nyika inogona zvakachengeteka kuita gasi kurimwa pamusoro 150 akatevera. Pano mumwe kumunda kupfuura munyika - North Dome.

Mumakore achangopfuura, Qatar ari kutsvaka mikana Export kuna EU. Uyewo Iran, zvakanakisisa corridors weHurumende ichi kupfuura Siria uye Turkey. Nepo kunyengetedzana nevatungamiriri venyika idzi pamusoro dzaifanoiswa, kuti Qatar zviremera hope kukwikwidzana Russia, uye kunyange yokunzvenga nayo maererano nokuwanda zvifambiswe negasi. Uye zviri zvechokwadi. Nyika ari kushingaira mafuta uye gasi. Mumatanda munyika zvinhu izvi anoparadzirwa nenzira kuti iri Kuwait zvinokuhwandira weshumba mugove. Mari deposits munharaunda vanofungidzirwa pa $ 10 tiririyoni, riri kaviri kupfuura mune imwe Russia uye Iran, Saudi Arabia uye Venezuela.

Turkmenistan

Kwakachengetwa nenyika gasi vanosarudzirwa kuita kuti nzvimbo wechina chepamusoro yedu chaizvo ichi mamiriro. Uye ane mukana wose kuti ipazwe pamusoro matatu, sezvo muna 2015, munyika mutungamiri Garbanguly Berdimuhamedov akarayira hurumende kuwedzera upenyu mafuta kusvikira pamabhiriyoni 83 cubic metres uye kunze kwenyika - kukwira 48.

Nyika ari kushingaira unokupai negasi kuna China, uye zvinoshamisa kuti Iran uye Russia. Zvino mamiriro kuri kutanga kuvakwa itsva gasi Mapaipi Tapi.

Norudo vaRafa mafuta uye gasi munda mu Turkmenistan - Galkinish - yakavanzwa guru gasi reserves. Munyika idzi duku nzvimbo. mashandiro ayo akatanga tichishandisa ichangopfuura - muna 2013. Uyewo, nyika ine guru deposits ose zvekuvaka vakapoteredza guta Iolotan, ainzi kuremekedza nzvimbo iyi - South Iolotan.

United States

nyika iyi pakutanga rine reserves pakukura shale gasi munyika. Kusvina kubva shale, uye ine akawanda methane. Yokutanga tsime vezvokutengeserana akanga akachera pano kare 1821 muNew York. Kubvira ipapo, United States akava mumwe wavatungamiri kweShanduro zvekuvaka ichi panyika.

Kudeuka gasi reserves muna US vari Gulf of Mexico. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa: Red Hawk, iyo yakavhurwa 2002, uyewo Ticonderoga uye Thunder Horse, zvose zvakavanzika uye mabhiriyoni 20 cubic metres negasi. Panguva iyoyowo, hofori zvakawanda kubva 1965 kunoramba Point Thompson, unova chikamu mafuta uye gasi wamashekeri kuchamhembe Alaska. Pano mudumbu panyika zvine 3 tiririyoni cubic metres. Kutakura pfuma nyika kuvaka gasi Mapaipi. Achatambanudzirapo kubva Point Thomson kusvika Pacific pamhenderekedzo, uye kubva ipapo mwoyo America - Washington.

Nyanzvi dzinoti munda uyu anogona kupa 7% gore negore kudiwa muUnited States. Zvinotarisirwa kuti Mapaipi achapedzisa chivako 2018, uye panguva imwecheteyo hunotanga zvizere mashandiro.

Saudi Arabia

Pane vanodarika chikamu reserves nekusimba mafuta. Kazhinji, kuti mamakisi ari kumativi 260 bhiriyoni emiti. Sezvo nyika ino chikuru regulator mafuta mutengo munyika uye mutungamiri weOPEC.

Kana gasi, ipapo anotevera 10 makore kaviri simba nyama yawo. Export vazvo haana kutarisira, kuti riwedzere ichapa chete dzomunyika zvinodiwa nehurumende. Panguva ino, chikuru gasi Munda Tuchman, riri pakati perenje kwiza al-Khali. Initial kumucheto pano vanofungidzirwa pana mabhiriyoni 1 cubic metres. Resource nhema ari kudzika makiromita mashanu.

Saudi Arabia, kunyange mumwe gasi Hofori zvenyika gumi, asi zvose zvakafanana "dyisa" pachavo kunonyanya kukonzerwa mafuta. Kuti muridzi kupfuura mafuta munda munyika - Ghawar. Zvadaro kusvina 65% munyika yacho mafuta. Somuenzaniso, muna 2006 chete muna Gavar ikakwiridzirwa pamusoro pemvura 6,5% okuwana mafuta yose. Panewo kwomuzvarirwo rechirwere negasi: 56,5 miriyoni m³ anogadzirwa ose zuva.

United Arab Emirates

214 tiririyoni cubic metres - chinokosha gasi reserves. Munyika Emirates rakaitirwa munzvimbo iyi kutungamirira nzvimbo: 4% kubva deposits enyika yacho upfumi. Kumboda anogadzirwa mune Abu Dhabi. Aidzorwa zita iwoyu kambani 90 muzana gasi matura ehurumende.

Maererano nenyanzvi, kuti Brazil anonziwo rakava 5th munyika okutengesa mafuta. The nyika - reserves mafuta weOPEC nhengo wacho richagara kwemakore anopfuura 100. mabhiriyoni 66 emiti - zvikuru dema goridhe ane mudumbu ivhu rakaorera Arab. uyewo anodzora sectors National kambani "Abu Dhabi".

United Arab Emirates - vakapfuma nyika munyika uye vaitungamirira pakati zvoupfumi. Sezvo 1970 uye kusvikira nhasi ari GDP paminiti capita yakawedzera ka20. Huru dzaishandiswa vadyidzani vari Italy, Germany, Great Britain, South Korea, uye Japan. Brazil uyewo nyika anonakidza. Iye vakasarudza mhedziso kwazvakarerekera, vose pachinhu kuMadokero, uye kuti chizvarwa wake East.

Venezuela

munyika negasi reserves makuru, uye chikamu wavo chaizvo Bolivarian Republic. Iye anodada panzvimbo wechisere Rating kwedu gasi hofori. Of 146 tiririyoni tsoka cubic chetatu Classified se "zvichibvira". Hurumende anotora chikamu kukura yeminda gasi dzinongoitika pasherefu pamwe nemakambani kubva Russia, China, Algeria uye Malaysia.

Kumadokero hemisphere iri nyika iri kusimbiswa muVenezuela, chikuru mafuta reserves - vanenge mabhiriyoni 75-80 emiti. Kunyange zvazvo hurumende inoti nhamba idzi kuderedzwa kakawanda. Chero zvakanga, muLatin America mamiriro ichi №1 kubudisa ndarama dema. Zviri nhengo weOPEC uye mumwe mafuta exporters munyika simba kupfuura.

Venezuela - kwete chete anozivikanwa mutungamiri-kunokosha ekisipota kuti zviwanikwa, asi anoti nzvimbo yokutanga iri chepamusoro zvikuru dzakasimukira uye kubudirira munyika muLatin America. Uye ichi pasinei zvose mukurwisana kwayo pamwe United States, muganhu Antilles uye yakavakidzana Colombia.

Nigeria

Mumatanda nenyika negasi akaparadzirwa nenzira yakadaro kuti twumapuranga 10 kupfuura gasi umambo akawa, uye vaviri African inoti. In repfumbamwe nzvimbo tine Nigeria - Power №1 pamusoro kondinendi "dema" iri nekusimba matura negasi. Norudo panyika pane chakavanzika anenge 5 tiririyoni cubic metres kubva upfumi. Largest ekisipota Nigeria inoremekedzwa kuti 7th nzvimbo munyika, riri Somugumisiro wakanaka.

It ane nyika uye mafuta deposits. Zviri wechipiri chete Libya nenhamba emiti ose nekusimba reserves. Asi hazvisi kuenzana panyaya Vhoriyamu kunze kwenyika endarama nhema Africa. Nigeria vachishingaira anotengesa kuwana Western Europe, USA, India uye Brazil. Mudzimai ane honorary nhengo weOPEC.

Algeria

Kudeuka gasi reserves munyika yaiva dzakadzika African nyika. Uye apo hurumende chete 10 fung ari pamazita munyika huru deposits pamusoro negasi, asi ndiwo chechi5 iri chepamusoro zvikuru zvibereko uye tichishingaira earners ichi upfumi. Nyanzvi atungamirire maumbirwo 4,5 tiririyoni cubic metres - ichi anozivikanwa gasi reserves. Munyika imwe nyika shoma anozvikudza migumisiro yakadaro.

Most negasi deposits kuAlgeria - gasi asununguka mafuta reservoirs nguwani, kana munhu muminda gasi. Vamwe zvinhu (anenge 15%) unoparara mumafuta, dzinoti, huru mumunda matema goridhe Hassi Messaoud. Kudeuka gasi munda - ndiye Hassi R'Mel gasi munda, vamwe rinozivikanwa pfungwa zvekuvaka dzokubudisa - nomutsa, Lira Nous uye Wende-kuverengwa. Kubva 1990 mazuva nekusimba matura negasi kuAlgeria uye kusvikira vemazuva ano nekaviri, waiva mugumisiro vanoshingaira Geological basa.

Sezvaunogona kuona, negasi reserves panyika zvakakwana. Asi kuti haatipi pamutoro kubva mutoro wavo mari uye zvakakodzera kushandisa kubatsira zvizvarwa zvaizotevera.