History uye gore Kazan

On zano n'anga, kuti Bulgars aifanira kutakura guru VAT remvura, uye panzvimbo apo mvura mamota, zvakakodzera kuvaka guta. Uye chishamiso chakaitika kugungwa Kleban. Yakanga kutanga pakaberekwa Kazan Khanate.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Izvi chete imwe ngano yakanaka yakawanda kuti vakombe chawo Kazan. Pane shanduro dehenya uye pamusoro akazvipira muMuslim, iyo yakarova chishamiso chitubu, uye pamusoro anotyisa moto-kufema zibukanana, iyo nguva dzose vanoratidzwa nguvo maoko kwemazana emakore, uye dzimwe nyaya dzinonakidza zhinji.

Gore chaiwo nheyo Kazan, zvinosuruvarisa kunzi kusvikira hapana. Panotanga kutaurwa nawo yaMakoronike Russian ndeyemunguva 1376 uye 1391 makore uye kumabvazuva zvinyorwa - remakore rechi15. Geographer Rachkov akafunga kuti Kazan yakavambwa pashure pokufa Batu muna 1255.

Asi mukuru anoonekwa akasiyana nguva, apo pasi raiva Kazan. Musi 1005 kwakavakirwa migumisiro matongo paicherwa matongo Kazan Kremlin.

Kwenguva refu, iyo yakavakwa kuva nechokumuganhu Nhare Volga Bulgaria, Kazan aiva chikamu Golden Horde. Izvi kwaiva nguva yaro zvoupfumi kukura. Nokuda kwayo nzvimbo uye kukura siyana rwokugadzira zhinji dzakatangwa zvokutengeserana uye ukama kwoupfumi pamwe Turkey, Crimea, Moscow nevamwe.

A enguva itsva

Zvino kwaiva nguva kumbonyanya yakaoma ukama Moscow. Uye pasinei nokuti vaisagona kudziviswa pakati pamaguta nedzenyu ukama, hondo.

Muna 1552, Ivana Groznogo mauto vakatora Kazan. Dzakawanda dzevanhu nezvinhu muna August pakurwa, uye ipapo akapedza anodarika mwedzi zvakasiya kukombwa Kazan mukana. Raiva gore yakaomesesa munhoroondo muguta. Of Kazan, nzira kwayo upenyu kunge rakadzokororwa chose, uye mushure mokuparara muguta October 1552, akatanga itsva nguva mumadhorobha chiitiko Russian mamiriro.

The vomunzvimbo raiva kunze kweguta, uye nzvimbo kugarwa kwavo yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Old Tatar kugarwa. The chaizvo chete Kazan nokushingaira akatanga kugadzirisa vatama vachibva kumaguta Russian. Muna 1556, musi zvarayirwa Ivan IV vakatanga kuvaka Kazan Kremlin. The guta yakavakwa uye mari yakatanga. Chaioneka misha yakawanda webasa, mabhiriji dzakavakwa, fekitari wokutanga akamisa.

Paitonga Petro Kazan First akagamuchira mamiriro guru Kazan province. Huro zvachose yemitambo uye Kazan University (1791 uye 1804) vakanochengeta wenyaya tsika uye kwesayenzi muzinda munyika.

Asi pakanga muKazan uye zvinosuwisa. Fire munguva Pugachev yemuna kwaizotevera moto muna 1815 uye 1842 katatu vakapisa guta rinenge pasi.

zvisakamboonekwa

Today Kazan ari chakakodzera kuonekwa guru Russia rechitatu. guta siyana iri rakasiyana rinobatanidza kusiyana netsika uye zvitendero.

Pasinei-refu amire dzakavamba gore yakadaro, Kazan akanga asingakwanisi kuponesa zvechokwadi enhoroondo sezvivako.

Most zvivako vekare uye zvinyorwa pamusoro kurapa Kazan rakaparadzwa vakawanda moto uye hondo dzinoparadza, uye zvikuru zvivako mapurani Ensemble chinomiririrwa muzvivako 19 uye 20.

Asi pasinei ichi kufarira Kazan zviri zvikuru chaizvoizvo.

• Islamic Museum (Rine matongo Monuments of 10-11 emakore);
• Monument Kazan katsi (chakavakwa varayirwa Catherine II);
• Temple zvitendero zvose;
• Petro Paul Cathedral (yakavakwa kukudzwa anorichengeta Petra Velikogo - Peter uye Paul);
• Temple of Cross;
• Azimov Mosque;
• Imba Gracious;
• Holy kubvuma wemamonk Zilant;
• Kazan University;
• Al-Marjani (. Rokutanga ibwe Mosque yakavakwa Kazan mushure kubatwa zviri Ivanom Groznym mvumo Catherine II);
• Aikwana Kazan kwemba (riri pa nzvimbo ine Ages caravanserai);
• Paka 1000th gore Kazan;
• Kuzviuru Anniversary rechiIslam Mosque;
• Blue Lake;
• Temple Mutsvene Face Muponesi (riri pachitsuwa muna Kazanka, yakavakwa mundangariro nemasoja Russian akafa panguva yacho kubatwa pakati Kazan) , uye vamwe vakawanda.

Uye, chokwadi, kupfuura akashanyira nzvimbo kuenda muna Kazan Kremlin. Chivako ichi chinosanganisirwa ndandanda UNESCO World Heritage zvepaIndaneti.

Umbwa muna 1556, uye iye zvino mukuru administrative chivakwa. Ndicho yakagara purezidhendi.

fadza mhemberero

Muna 2005 iye vakakomba uye chinokosha musi - segwapa eMillennial nhoroondo Kazan. Foundation muguta (musi) muguta anokwezvwa vanhu vazhinji. machinda chete vanenge akashanyira guta guru Tatarstan kukudzwa zuva, paiva 10 zviuru. On nzendo guta vaiva gala Concerts.

A itsva rudzi njanji, vakanga yakazarukira kuyeukwa mupaki Kazan Millennium, nakisisa Danho mimhanzi matsime. Uyewo, vagari veguta kutarisira nomufambi chipo ari muchimiro hwomukova Kazan pachivande. Vapedza kupemberera guru tysyachezalpovy sarupu.

Kutarira yanhasi ukuru guta rekare, zvakaoma kufungidzira chichava 2000 gore fung pakati Kazan.