Hitler akauya simba. Zvikonzero yaHitler pave nesimba

Sezvo kuzviuraya kuti Adolf Hitler kwave anenge makore 70. Zvisinei, ayo political mavara mufananidzo achiri inofarirwa dzekare vanoda kunzwisisa sei mwero muduku Artist pasina zvedzidzo dzidzo aigona kupinda German rudzi ezvinhu vakawanda psychosis uye kuva initiator uye ideologist zviri kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda kwemhosva munhoroondo yenyika. Saka chii vaiva zvikonzero yaHitler pave nesimba, sei izvi uye chii asati chiitiko ichi?

Mavambo enyika Biography

Future Führer yeGermany akaberekwa muna 1889. Kutanga kwake rezvematongerwe anogona kunzi muna 1919, apo Hitler akanga arega basa rechiuto uye akabatana German Workers Party. Mumwedzi mitanhatu, pamusangano webato iye zvinganaka rename sangano reNazi Party uye akataura ayo Chirongwa enyika, zvinosanganisira 25 points. pfungwa dzake dzakanga aitaurwa pakati vagari Munich. Hazvishamisi kuti panopera wokutanga Party Congress, yakaitirwa 1923, guta vakapfuura stormtroopers kufora, iyo wakapindwa nevanhu vanopfuura 5,000. Saka akatanga nyaya kuwedzera Hitler.

Mabasa NSDAP munguva kubvira 1923 kusvika 1933

Chinotevera chiitiko chinokosha munhoroondo hweNational Socialist yakanga anonzi Beer Hall Putsch, umo zviuru zvitatu colones stormtroopers inotungamirirwa Hitler akaedza kubvuta pakuvaka bazi Defence. Vakanga adzosa kwebope mapurisa, uye navakuru nemhirizhonga vakaedzwa. Zvikurukuru, Hitler akatongerwa 5 years mujeri. Zvisinei, iye ari mujeri kwemwedzi mishoma uye kubhadhara faindi 200 zvinoratidza goridhe. Kamwe vakasununguka, Hitler akatanga chisimba zvematongerwo enyika. Nemhaka yake mubasa 1930 musarudzo, uye ipapo 1932 bato ravo vakagamuchira nhamba huru zvigaro mu Paramende, kuva enyika chinokosha simba. Saka zvakanzi akasika enyika ezvinhu kuti tikwanise yaHitler pave simba. Germany panguva iyoyo akanga ari muuranda dambudziko yakavapo Europe muna 1929.

Economic zvikonzero yaHitler pave nesimba

Sezvo dzekare tenda, mukuru muchinangwa enyika budiriro iri NSDAP airidza The Great Depression, urwo rwakatora makore anenge 10. Zviri kurwadza chaizvo kuti yakarova bhizimisi muGermany uye wakadenha hondo miriyoni-simba 7.5 ari rovha. Zvakakwana kutaura, kuti yakaitwa 1931, miners 'akarova of Ruhr guta, wakapindwa anenge 350 000 vashandi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuwedzera basa Communist Party kuGermany, izvo zvakakonzera kukosheswa vepamusoro mari uye maindasitiri makuru avo akavimba Nazi Party chete simba anokwanisa kuramba vaKomonisiti.

Kugadzwa pambiru musoro Cabinet pakati Vashumiri

Mukutanga 1933, President Hindenburg akagamuchira guru pfumbamuromo magnates German uyo aida paakagadzwa sezvo mukuru Nazi Party chanzera. An musoja yekare uyo akararama upenyu, kunze ose pfennig, asingagoni kudzivisa, uye kare 30 January, Hitler yaigarwa rimwe nembiru inokosha muGermany. Uyezve, paiva nerunyerekupe kuti paiva tyisidzira chokuita Hindenburg zvemari kubiridzira mwanakomana. Asi kugadzwa sezvo musoro cabinet kwaisareva usimuke yaHitler kuti simba, sezvo mutemo chete aigona kutora Reichstag, uye panguva iyoyo, hweNational Socialist vasina runodiwa nhamba zvigaro.

The hwokuuraya vaKomonisiti uye Night of Long mapanga

Pashure mashoma mavhiki pashure Hitler agadzwa, paiva pomoto Reichstag chivakwa. Somugumisiro, mashoko Communist Party rave kupomerwa kugadzirira kubvuta simba munyika, uye President Hindenburg akasaina chirevo pamusoro vabvunza masimba anoshamisa pakati Cabinet.

Wakati agamuchira carte Blanche, Hitler akarayira asungwa kurovedzera of Communist Party kunhivi 4000 uye akaita chiziviso sarudzo itsva kuna Reichstag, apo vanenge 44% mavhoti vakaenda nebato. Chimwe simba kuti anogona kuita kuti zviome yaHitler pave nesimba, akanga kurwisa mauto, iro rinotungamirirwa Ernst Rohm. Uye kuti neutralize sangano, vaNazi yakapamba, akazozivikanwa se "Usiku of Long mapanga." Munhu ari vachiurayiwa vakava vanenge chiuru vanhu, kusanganisira vakawanda SA vatungamiriri.

referendamu

August 2, 1934 President Hindenburg akafa. chiitiko ichi wakakurumidza usimuke yaHitler kuti simba, sezvo akakwanisa vabudirire yaitsiva mangwanani musarudzo referendamu. Pamusangano August 19, 1934 vavhoti vakakumbirwa kupindura mubvunzo mumwe chete yakarira sezvinotevera: "Unobvumirana kuna President uye chanzera zvinzvimbo kunge zvabatanidzwa?" Pashure kuverengwa mavhoti kuwanikwa kuti vakawanda vavhoti vaiva nyasha richaitirwa vehurumende nadzurudzo . Somugumisiro utungamiriri yakaguma.

The Führer uye Reich chanzera

Maererano nevaongorori vakawanda, gore Hitler akauya simba - 1934. Chokwadi, mushure referendamu musi waAugust 19, akava kwete musoro cabinet, asi mukuru wavarwi, vakanga pachake kupika muteveri kuhondo. Uyezve, ndiyo nguva yokutanga munhoroondo yacho akanga paakavapa musoro Fuehrer uye Reich chanzera. Panguva iyoyowo, vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofunga kuti Patinoongorora pave nesimba Hitler, musi 30 January 1933 ndiko kukosha sezvo kubvira iye nebato ravo aigona kuchikosha kukanganisa mudzimba uye vatorwa wokuti Germany. Ivai kuti hazvo, muEurope maiva nomutongi, somugumisiro maitiro ayo yaparadzwa nemamiriyoni evanhu mumakondinendi matatu.

Germany. Hitler akauya nesimba chokuita mumhuri mutemo uye upfumi (Makore 1934-1939)

Makore okutanga pashure kufarirwa nyika udzvinyiriri mupfungwa vemo zvakavharwa akatanga dzidziso itsva inobva pembiru zvitatu: revanchism, Anti-Semitism uye kutenda kusiyana yeGermany. Nokukurumidza, Germany, simukai Hitler kuti simba, yakanga zvakafanorongwa kubudikidza kusanganisira vatorwa mutemo zvikonzero, akatanga kuona kukura kwoupfumi. Zvinoshamisa kwakaderedza nhamba havashande muna indasitiri yakafara-siyana kuchinja vakanga yakatangwa uye kuitwa zviito siyana zvainanga kuvandudza chinzvimbo varombo eGermany. Panguva iyoyo chero kuparadzana akanga woutsinye mu chipande, kusanganisira kuburikidza muhombe udzvanyiriri, kunotsigira kazhinji nomwoyo wose burghers mutemo, zvakafadza kuti hurumende quarantines kana kunyange kuparadza vaJudha kana vaKomonisiti, kuchivhiringidza, sezvo ivo vakatenda, paumbwe imwe Germany Greater. Zviya, basa rinokosha yakanga reDare kunoshamisa kwakarungwa kwounyanzvi Goebbels uye Führer pachake. Chaizvoizvo, kana iwe tarisa pa "maviri-vakananga egondo. Hitler akauya simba "- firimu Lutz Becker ari zvinenge zvachose inobva newsreels, ayo akanyorwa nguva kubvira pakutanga November chimurenga muGermany uye kuti bhuku Motokari - munoziva sei zviri nyore kukorovhera voruzhinji kuziva. In gahadziko chokwadi ichi kuti hatisi kutaura pamusoro zana kana mashoma zviuru vatapatiri vechitendero, asi multimillion rudzi, iro agara zvakurukurwa chimwe chezvinhu chinoziva mu Europe.

simukai yaHitler kuti simba, iyo zvishoma zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro - mumwe bhuku mienzaniso sei kuti simba nevanhu yakasvika mudzvinyiriri vvergshy yemapuraneti mhirizhonga Hondo Yenyika II.