Hondo Stalingrad. Vechikamu hondo; mazita nhoroondo uye dzinonakidza zvinhu

Pashure pokukundwa Nazi mauto pedyo Moscow kwakaita inokosha chirongwa zvizere hwakatamisirwa Red Army. Zvisinei, muna 1942, muna patinotarisira anokurumidza kukunda, Soviet High Command akapa Murayiro pamusoro tsamwisa pamusoro fronts zvose. Pasina kunyatsogadzirira uye replenishment pamusoro reserves zvakatungamirira vanoverengeka zvakakomba vakakurirwa Soviet Union pakutanga 1942. Military nani yave akarasika. Mativi vakanga kugadzirira hondo itsva. Mumwe hondo inokosha yaiva Hondo Stalingrad. Vechikamu hondo, zvave ikoko, akaitumidza "hero panyika".

The inokosha kukosha Stalingrad

Vazhinji kambora uye Western dzekare vaiva vasina chokwadi pamusoro kudzivirira guta. Vaidavira kuti azvidzivirire wake chokuita nezita mukuru mutungamiriri Soviet Union uye vaiva vavariro navadzvanyiriri vaviri, mumwe wavo aida kubvuta guta rine zita mutungamiriri muvengi, uye yokupedzisira akapa simba rose kuzvidzivisa. Asi Hondo Stalingrad, ndangariro vechikamu riri inopikisanawo mashoko aya akanga zvikuru zvine urongwa kukosha. Nyaya iri kuti uto nesimba nemauto Second World War haana kutamba chero basa pasina reserves yeminda mafuta. The chete nyika kuti Hitler akanga Romania. Asi zvinhu zvayo zviri pachena kwete zvakakwana. Germany akamboedza vabate kuIjipiti nemafuta-vapfumi Middle East. Army Group "Africa", iyo inotungamirirwa ari kunozivikanwa Rommel akasikwa kuti chinangwa ichi. Kuwanda kwakanga Chokwadi, duku, asi akafanana hondo British navarwi, asina kurega vokuGermany kundima avo. Italian Vanodzidza, sezvinei kuti nyika yedu uye nhoroondo mafuta Libya haana kuwanikwa. Zvichida nyaya vangadai Muchiitiko zvakasiyana, asi, sezvo tichiziva, hakuna SUBJUNCTIVE kumunetsawo. Saka, chete kusarudza zvakarurama murayiro German yakanga vachisiya Moscow uye kubatwa pamusoro Stalingrad wakasvinudza nzira Caucasus neminda mafuta ayo akapfuma. Mukuwedzera, bindepinde rinokosha chokufambisa tsinga nokuti Soviet Union. KuSiberia, panguva ino mafuta asati zvikaramba, saka kurasikirwa kuCaucasus zvombo zvakakwana hondo dzedu. Naizvozvo, pane mumwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda hondo munhoroondo yevanhu - Hondo Stalingrad. Vechikamu hondo vari unonyatsozviziva kukosha ane springboard. Saka, kuzvipira uye heroism nemauto eSoviet.

Pausiku rokurwa

Kuva hurongwa vaimbopota muzhizha uye Mumatsutso 1942, Dare Headquarters uye State Defence Committee havana vakabatana. Marshal Shaposhnikov vakasimbirira kuti inokosha kuzvidzivirira vagura zvimwe zvikamu mberi kusvika inogumbura. reserves Key anofanira kusimbiswa nechepakati mirayiridzo kuitira kuti vanogona nyore reconnected kuti aida nzvimbo nechemberi kuburikidza richikurukura njanji. Urongwa uhwu kwaibva ukuru chokufambisa of USSR. Kuchiteshi samambure pamusoro ndima raitungamirwa vokuGermany vachisangana nevanhu sabhoteji. Pakanga pasina mukana zvinoshamisa kuchinja inokosha kutungamirirwa aaiitawo. Uyezve, mauto eNazi vasina wechipiri kumberi uye aigona pfungwa kumabvazuva reserves zvose iripo.

Dambudziko guru muna 1942

Marshal S. K. Timoshenko akataura kudiwa preemptive wavanozvisunga South-Western uye Southern Fronts. Pamusangano pamwe Stalin, kwakasarudzwa kurwisa zasi nzvimbo Kharkov uye Crimea.

Asi kurwisa Soviet havana kubudirira, uyezve, yokuGermany Army rechi11 muna May yakatanga counteroffensive pamusoro Kerch mirayiridzo uye chaizvoizvo wakarwadzisa Crimean mberi. Mauto asara akabviswa kweItari. Zvakanga zvisina kubudirira uye kurwisa iri munzvimbo Kharkov. Two makuru pamberi pakuguma May takakombwa uye pamahombekombe kuparadzwa zvachose. ndege German zvachose vakatonga mhepo. Mamiriro munyika hwaipa zvikuru.

The chinangwa chikuru - Caucasus

Zvakava pachena kuti Wehrmacht mauto vachavaka pamusoro kubudirira uye kupaza kuna Caucasus kusvika mafuta kuburikidza Stalingrad. It wakabudiswa nomurayiro nhamba 41, iyo inoratidza kudiwa chokudzingwa kubva Soviet Union wandei zvoupfumi zvokurima nzvimbo muUkraine mafuta kumatunhu kuCaucasus.

Muna June, mauto asara fronts maviri akatanga shure kuitira kudzivirira kuparadza zvakatipoteredza uye kuparadza. Zvino mativi vakanga vachigadzirira kuti yairwirwa hondo kuCaucasus uye Stalingrad. Panguva iyoyo, Dare Bet yakabudisa dzakatevedzana mirayiro vari zvakawanda uye zvikuru vakakurukura zvakawanda kare. Order № 227 "Hapana danho shure" uye chirevo pamusoro pakagadzwa mujeri battalions. In kururamisira zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ekupedzisira kwatova muuto reGermany, uye akaita zvakanaka muhondo. Saka pfungwa pakusika ndohwavo Stalin, sezvo zvairehwa zhinji Western dzakaitika.

tactical zvikanganiso

utungamiri German, ndinofadzwa kubudirira rwezasi, akaita zvine urongwa miscalculation. Huru unoshamisa simba vaNazi vakakanda Caucasus uye Stalingrad akanga dzinounzwa chete 6 hondo General of Paurosi. Mukuwedzera, boka rakanga akatunhidzwa kuvhunduka Tank Brigade uye ugokandwa eCaucasus. VokuGermany havana kutarisira kuona pashure hondo kubudirira ichi munzvimbo zvikuru kuramba Russian. Asi kuverenga of Verkhovna vachiriita - pfungwa zvikuru reserves kuitira kuti vaikwanisa nekukurumidza uchatamisa aida mirayiridzo - kwakakodzera. Hondo Stalingrad akatanga. Vatori vechikamu kundorwa kuvhunduka panguva imwe isu vakarangarira kuti kuguma kwoupenyu hwake. Ngativayeukei tiri.

Vechikamu pamusoro Hondo Stalingrad. pamazita evanhu

Tichifunga kwokuomerwa uye nguva kweuto kuvhiyiwa, mauto akawanda vaiita izvozvo, tangi uye mhepo kupesana. Chokwadi, isu havazokwanisi ipi yokuverenga munyaya pfupi vaya vakaona nemaziso avo ari chiseko inotyisa rinonzi The Hondo Stalingrad. Vechikamu hondo hakuzokanganwiki mune ndangariro nezvizvarwa. Present chete mashomanana magamba dzakaurawa dzavasina mukuyi. Tichafara kana vana vachaona hama dzavo yakakurumbira:

Agarkov Paul Dem'yanovich;

Vorobev Mihail Dmitrievich;

Kolesnichenko Andrey Aleksandrovich;

Smyslov Aleksey Maksimovich.

Izvi uye zvimwe vechikamu Hondo Stalingrad, akafa kana vapenyu kucharamba magamba kuti nyika yedu.

"Dzengarava Volga hapana nyika kwatiri"

August 23, 1942 vokuGermany kwazvo anokandirwa mabhomba muguta. Vakamurova pfuti zvose. A simba maindasitiri muzinda matongo. Dvuhsotdnevnaya akatanga kwokudzivirira guta. VokuGermany akaziva miscalculation ake uye vakakanda vavabatsire Paurosi simba nokusingaperi itsva. Asi zvakanga vanyanyononoka. Soviet vehondo navarwi zvavo akapika kuti chero kwaiva kudzivirira guta. Kukunda kurwa kwaireva kukunda yose Second World War. Chokwadi, kusvikira pakuguma yaiva yakawanda achiri, akarasikirwa noupenyu, kukunda makuru uye ikakunda kunetsa. Asi kukundwa mikuru mauto eGermany ari pano kupa pfungwa yakachinja yose pamushandirapamwe. Hapana tsaona US uye British enyika kunyange rakapa kuyeukwa Medals uye zvitupa, yakatsaurirwa chiitiko ichi.

Heroes acharangarirwa nokusingaperi

Dambudziko Hondo Stalingrad chaiva yose vanhu veSoviet. Mazita vechikamu ratinoparidza munyaya ino. Ragusa Sergei Alexandrovich, akaberekwa muna 1922. In Stalingrad ndaiva mukuru muduri platoon. Akanga paakavapa ari Stalin pachake wakasainwa tenda "Nokuti munhu ushingi uye ushingi." platoon wake akarega ane simba tangi kurwisa. Mukuru pachake nemamiriro mumwe wavo chiso nechiso, asi akaramba musoro wake uye vakakanda vaviri Molotov cocktaileja. The tangi raputika kubva mumoto. In kurwisa ichi, kuti platoon Raguzova akaparadza 4 rinorema muchina, vanoverengeka dhazeni Marines. Total yakaitika vanenge 10 matangi. Vamwe nezvinhu vakawana pashure dzokera shure.

Tula Ivan Antipovich

Akawira vafa vakashinga magamba kumapati zhinji Hondo Stalingrad. The Soviet Union, uye Russia ano haasati kukanganwa magamba ayo. Ndinoda kuyeuka Tulyakova Ivan Antipovich - a dzomupepanhau hondo uyo akaurayiwa apo kuyambuka Volga. In ichangobva chitsamba ake Ivan Antipovich akanyora: "Zviri nani kuva mukadzi, mai, mwana akafa gamba kupfuura gwara akapona." Uye saka takafunga vose vanotsigira muguta.

Churanov Viktor Vasilevich

Child vechikamu pamusoro Stalingrad kuhondo anoyeukwa mumwe gamba mazuva ano - Churanova Victor Vasilievich. Nhengo Kutsigira Moscow, Kutsigira Stalingrad, ari kubatwa pakati Warsaw akanga paakavapa Medals mbiri "Nokuti Noushingi". Somunhu tangi mutyairi-makanika, iye kutsarukana motokari yake kusvikira muvengi, asingaregi upenyu. vashandi vake akapfura pasi ndege wandei German pedyo muMoscow uye Stalingrad. Mumwe vashomanana vakapona vanotyisa mazuva hondo kubva pakutanga kusvikira pazuva rokupedzisira.

Shelyvanov Vasiliy Andreevich

Battery pamusoro Vasily vokuGermany akakanda 18 michina. Vaitsigira, achiratidza heroism akasangana nevaFascist simba atirari moto, achiuraya 4 mota, vashoma zvikuru varohwa, asi vakadzoka shure. VokuGermany aisatarisira nemishonga kwakadaro, vakadzokera shure.

Heino haasaruri mazita evanhu akurukurwa munyaya. Zvinosuruvarisa, vakabirwa muhondo zvinotyisa izvi zvakawanda. Hatidi kukanganwa mazita avo.