Hot mavara. Map pfungwa inopisa nyika

Nhasi, zvingaita kuti vose zvinotyisa hondo dzaiva kure kare. Asi ichi hachisi kudaro. Pasinei chokwadi kuti, maererano akatsvakurudza XXI remakore somugumisiro remapazi muchiuto vakauraya vanhu kure vashoma kupfuura remakore rapfuura, kubuda inopisa makwapa dzakasiyana mudunhu redu. Armed kusawirirana, nematambudziko uto - zvichida vanhu havazombofi kuisa pasi zvombo zvavo.

Hot panyika - akafanana maronda akare, zvose zvisingatongogoni kuporesa. Kwekanguva Kurwisana vari wasvava, asi zvino zvakare, uye zvakare ikabuda, kuunza marwadzo uye kutambura kusingatauriki. The International Crisis Group akadana kumatunhu inopisa makwapa panyika kuti kukanganisa nyika iye zvino.

Iraq

Paiva Kurwisana "kwechiIslam State of Iraq uye Levant" (LIH) uye mauto ehurumende, uyewo mamwe ezvitendero uye mapoka emadzinza munyika. Saka, magandanga vakazivisa igil kuti vari kuenda kusika muzvinhu eSiriya Iraq ine Islamic Hurumende - the Caliphate. Chokwadi, hurumende ano akaita vachipikiswa.

Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo akakuitira Mauto asingagoni. Hot muchiuto pfungwa kubuda munyika, uye caliphate LIH kuwedzera miganhu yayo. Nhasi nzvimbo huru kweBaghdad kusvikira kumuganhu muSiriya guta Aleppo. The nevarwi hurumende ano akakundikana kusunungura magandanga kubva mumaguta makuru maviri chete - Udzha uye Tikrit.

Complex mamiriro ezvinhu enyika vakashandisa kuzvionera kuti Iraqi Kurdistan. Munguva tsamwisa akavhiyiwa LIH Kurds zvakashandisa simba pamusoro nzvimbo dzinoverengeka mikuru oiri. Uye nhasi ivo vakazivisa kuti vazvichengete referendum uye secession kubva Iraq.

Gaza Strip

The Gaza Strip ari pandandanda inopisa makwapa kwenguva refu. Kunetsana pakati pevaIsraeri Palestinian boka Hamas kwakamuka zvakare uye zvakare kwemakumi emakore. Chikonzero chikuru - the kusada vemapato kuteerera nemumwe nenharo.

Saka, vaIsraeri yakatanga rechiuto oparesheni kuparadza kwezvivako pamusoro pachivande tunnels uye dzokuchengetera pamwe Palestinian zvombo kuunganidza aine maonero kudzivirira magandanga kurwisa Israeli ndima. Hamas Kunodawo kubvisa upfumi blockade of Gaza Strip uye kusunungura vasungwa.

The pakarepo chinokonzera kurwisana kuti zvino muAtlantic muna Gaza Strip, chaiva rufu vatatu Israeli kuyaruka, uye achipindura nayo - kupondwa namaParistina. Uye July 17, 2014 vakatanga dzose muchiuto chiito: akadzinga matangi, zvombo akabhururuka.

Kakawanda munguva ino bato iri kuenda kuti chibvumirano, asi zvose oedza kutaurirana kana pasina. Tinoramba putika mabhomba, achiuraya vanhu, uye venhau dzinorwisana dzinodengenyeka kuti mifananidzo yakadaro kuti tarisa kutyisa ...

Siriya

The kunetsana muSiriya rakamuka pashure hurumende zvikuru woutsinye nokupikiswa mienzaniso rakamuka pasi auspices ari "Arab Spring." Kunotadza hurumende mauto pasi murayiro Assad uye mubatanidzwa reSiriya muchiuto zvakakonzera hondo wechokwadi. Chakasimudzira sei rinenge yose: mapoka anenge 1500 ( "Al-Nusra Front", LIH, etc.) chokuita nezvechiuto chiito, vanopfuura zviuru 100 vagari vakatora zvombo. Kupfuura simba uye ngozi akatanga kukuru Islamists.

Hot makwapa vanoparadzirwa munyika nhasi. Handiti VaSiria kutongwa akasiyana-siyana nemagandanga emakoronyera. Dzakawanda kufambidzana, dzinodzorwa nevarwi vehurumende. North State akakunda vanodzima LIH zvachose. Kunyange zvazvo mune dzimwe nzvimbo Kurds achiri kuedza vawanezve ndima. Kwete kure guru, vapanduki vakaenda iboka rakarongeka inonzi "kwechiIslam Front". Uye muguta Aleppo ndivo skirmishes pakati mauto ehondo Assad uye zvine mwero kupikiswa.

South Sudan

Nyika iri huviri anorwisana dzedzinza mubatanidzwa - Nuer uye Dinka. Nuer ndivo koshesa Vagari ehurumende, kwavari zvinoshandawo purezidhendi ano. Dinky - chechipiri pakukura pakati pendudzi South Sudan.

The kunetsana rakamuka pashure President Sudanese vakazivisa pachena kuti mubatsiri wake, mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi, akaedza kutsamwisa munyika kubvuta masimba. Pakarepo mushure kutaura kwake munyika akatanga nemhirizhonga, kuratidzira uye vakawanda kusungwa. Complete kuparadza disorganization yakatanga kuva chaiye uto kusawirirana.

Nhasi, munzvimbo mafuta-nyika - inopisa mavara. Vari pasi pesimba vapanduki, rinotungamirirwa yanyadziswa mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi. Izvi inokanganisa upfumi chezvinonhuwira vokuSudan. Zvakaipa dzaparadzwa uye rugare Vagari venyika: vanopfuura zviuru gumi vakaurayiwa, vanenge zviuru zvinomwe namazana dzakamanikidzwa kuva vapoteri. Kuti zvimwe kugadzirisa kusawirirana, UN wakatuma Southern Sudan ayo anochengetedza runyararo contingent, waiva kushanda kudzivirira rehurumende vanogara.

Muchirimo 2014, ngwizhingwi mibatanidzwa vaiedza kuuya chero nzwisisa. Zvisinei, mukuru wevapanduki mutungamiri akaita akabvuma pachena kuti akanga refu akatadza kudzora vapanduki. Uyezve, rugare Nhaurirano chaitadzisa neUganda mauto kuita pamusoro parutivi Sudanese President.

Nigeria

Munyika unoshanda sangano remagandanga Islamic rinonzi "Boko harami" kubvira 2002. The chinangwa chikuru kuti vanotevedza - ndiko kumisa yose Nigeria Sharia mutemo. Zvisinei, vose vakuru uye ruzhinji vagari pamusoro "pfungwa", sezvo vechiMuslim munyika hadzisi vazhinji.

Sezvo dzakavamba boka kwaro rakawedzerwa nawo, aine tsime uye akatanga pachena kuuraya vaKristu nevaMuslim vakavimbika kwaari akamisa. Magandanga vaite gandanga mabasa zuva nezuva uye akaurayiwa pachena vanhu. Uyezve, havana panguva nenguva kutora hostages. Saka, muna April 2014 ari Islamists vakatapwa vaiva schoolgirls anopfuura mazana maviri. Vanoramba vave rudzikinuro, uyewo ufeve uye kutengeswa muuranda.

kakawanda The Hurumende vakaedza kutaurirana nemagandanga, asi hapana Nhaurirano vakakundikana. Nhasi, nzvimbo yose munyika dziri pasi pesimba mapoka. Uye zviremera vasingakwanisi kutsungirira mamiriro acho ezvinhu. The President wenyika Nigeria yakumbira rubatsiro rwemari kubva dzakawanda munharaunda kuitira kuvandudza kurwa kugona weuto munyika, panguva kurasikirwa mwero.

Sahel nharaunda

Dambudziko rakatanga muna 2012, apo nokuda vemauto akavhiyiwa kuitika Libya, kusvikira pamuganhu Mali Tuareg massively nemafashamo. Kuchamhembe kwenyika vakaumba ezvinhu inonzi Azawad. Zvisinei, isingasviki gore iri breakaway Power akarova zvemauto akabvuta chigaro. Kushandisa zvinhu, France akatuma mauto munharaunda Mali - kubatsira kundorwa Tuaregs uye kukuru Islamists uyo kudzora nzvimbo. Kazhinji, nhasi Sahel rashanduka munhare kwevaranda, kutengesa zvinodhaka, maoko rokutengesa uye upfambi.

Military kupokana pakupedzisira kwakatungamirira muhombe nenzara. Maererano neUN, vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni gumi munzvimbo vagere pasina chikafu, uye kana mamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadziriswa pakazopera 2014 nhamba iyi kuchawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni manomwe. Zvisinei, hapana shanduko nani ari pamberi: nharaunda yose Mali chipatapata ruvengo pakati hurumende, French, asi Tuareg uye magandanga. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti mamiriro hakuchina Azawad.

Mexico

MuMexico, makore anopfuura gumi nevaviri vakapfuura kugara nebope pakati zvinodhaka cartels vemo. Zviremera kumbobata, nekuti vakanga zvachose uori. Uye akanga asiri chakavanzika nokuda munhu. Zvisinei, kana muna 2006, President Felipe Calderon wamasarudza, zvose zvakachinja. Musoro itsva munyika asarudza zvachose kushandura raivapo mamiriro ezvinhu uye akatuma hondo muna rimwe inoti kubata mhosva uye kudzorera mutemo uye kuti. In chii chakanaka haisati zvakaguma. Masoja nebope hurumende uye makororo kugumisa hondo, izvo pakupedzisira akaratidza yose nyika.

Mumakore masere kubva kukonana akatanga zvinodhaka cartels vakawana simba, simba uye akawedzera zvikuru nemiganhu yayo. pakati pavo kana vakanga varwa kuti uwandu uye unhu narkoproduktsii, nhasi vari nharo kuti migwagwa, zviteshi uye kumahombekombe maguta. Pasi kudzorwa Mafia vaiva zvombo pamisika, chipfambi, kunyepedzera zvigadzirwa. Hurumende Mauto zvakajeka yokurasikirwa kurwa ichi. Uye chikonzero kuti - uori. Totaura chokuti vazhinji muchiuto kungogeza kurutivi zvinodhaka cartels. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, vagari vemo uyewo akatsutsumwa pamusoro Mafia: ivo akaronga anopamba. vanhu ava vanoda kuratidza kuti zvachose vasingandivimbi kana zviremera kana mapurisa vemo.

Hot Central Asian pfungwa

Kusungika munzvimbo anosika Afghanistan hondo chisingazivi kuserera kwemakumi emakore akawanda, uyewo Uzbekistan, Tajikistan uye Kyrgyzstan, uyo vakapindira munyaya miganhu kukakavadzana mumwe. Chimwe chikonzero dzose nokurwisana munzvimbo - huru kutengesa zvinodhaka muna Eastern Hemisphere. Nokuti naye nguva dzose nemamiriro vemo emakoronyera.

Zvaiita kuti pashure vokuAmerica kubviswa hondo dzavo Afghan, nyika yave pakupedzisira kuuya mupfungwa. Asi akazosvika refu. Mushure musarudzo paiva zvakawanda disaffected, uyo akaramba kubvuma sarudzo sezvo pamutemo. Kushandisa mamiriro ezvinhu munyika, gandanga sangano, "iri Taliban" vakatanga rokutora guru Afghanistan.

In yechando 2014, Tajikistan uye Kyrgyzstan vakava zvematongerwo miganhu nharo, achiperekedzwa zvechiuto chiito pamuganhu munzvimbo. Tajikistan akataura kuti Kyrgyzstan yakanga yatyora aivapo miganhu. Kyrgyz hurumende zvinozoita vaivapomera zvakafanana. Sezvo kuparara Soviet Union pakati penyika mbiri nguva nenguva pane kusawirirana pamusoro kuitika pakunzi miganhu, uye zvakajeka vakaparadzana kana kwete. The gakava akamedura uye Uzbekistan, nechekare aendesa zvaanotaura. Mubvunzo ndiro: zviremera havabvumirani miganhu, iyo yakaumbwa mushure pokuwa USSR. States kakawanda vakaedza zvimwe kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu, asi kune chibvumirano uye yakananga mhinduro yacho mubvunzo havana kuuya. Panguva iyoyo, ndiyo mumhepo munzvimbo nerongo, uye chero nguva anogona kuva uto chiito.

China uye nyika yacho nharaunda

Nhasi, ari Paracel Islands - ndiyo nhamo nyika mavara. Pakutanga kupesana pakuti Chinese akambomisa pokumuka matsime mafuta pedyo yezvitsuwa. Izvi hazvisi kufanana Vietnam uye kuPhilippines, yakatumirwa kune Hanoi mauto. Kuratidza Chinese mafungire kuti mamiriro ezvinhu, mauto ose nyika rakaita zvinokosha Football mutambo pamusoro Spratly yezvitsuwa. Izvi vakadana Beijing hasha pedyo nharo zviwi Chinese warships akaoneka. No kurwa panguva imwecheteyo hazvina kubva Beijing. Zvisinei, Viet Nam anoti kuti warships pamwe Chinese mureza hwaderera vanopfuura mumwe mudziyo hove. Akashorwa uye kupomerwa dzimwe chero nguva chikonzero kuti kutiza munhu chitundumuseremusere.

Hot makwapa muUkraine

Dambudziko muUkraine akatanga muna November 2013. Mushure Crimean kweItari muna March, ndanogara Russian Federation, asimba. Ndisingambofariri ezvinhu munyika, kurovedzera aifarira-Russian vakaumba East Ukraine raMwari Donetsk uye Luhansk vanhu Republic. Hurumende, akatungamirirwa purezidhendi mutsva Poroshenko, akatuma hondo kuzorwa separatists. Fighting zvinopindura panzvimbo Donbass (hotspots Map pazasi).

Muzhizha ra2014 munharaunda Donbass nemauto separatists, akanga chakaparadzwa chikepe kubva Malaysia. Vakaurayiwa vanhu 298. hurumende Ukrainian akazivisa nemhosva dambudziko Mauto Dni uye LC, uyewo Russian divi zvichipomerwa unokupai zvombo nevapanduki, uye mhepo-kuzvidzivirira hurongwa, iyo yakarohwa pedyo chikepe. Zvisinei, DNR uye LNR akaramba kubatanidzwa mune tsaona. Russia akati ine chokuita kunetsana muUkraine, uye rufu liner.

September 5 Minsk akasaina ceasefire chibvumirano, izvo zvakazoita chaizvo kurwisana munyika ikanyarara. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo (semuenzaniso, Donetsk yendege), kutokonora uye kuputika vachiri kuenda mberi.

Hotspots Russia

Kusvika panguva Russian Federation akavhiyiwa zvechiuto havasi kuitwa, uye hapana inopisa makwapa. Zvisinei, sezvo kuparara Soviet Union iri nharaunda nyika yedu vakaramba kwakamuka nokurwisana. Saka, Hottest pfungwa gumi Russia - Ichokwadi, muBosnia, muChechnya, North Caucasus uye South Ossetia.

Kusvikira 2009, muBosnia, muChechnya ane nzvimbo yechigarire remapazi: kutanga wokutanga hondo Chechen (1994 kusvika 1996), ipapo wechipiri Chechen hondo (1999 kusvika 2009). In August 2008 kwakanga vokuGeorgia-Ossetian kurwisana, yakanga kuendavo nemauto Russian. Kurwa yakatanga musi August 8, uye mazuva mashanu gare gare kwakaguma kusaina ane runyararo chibvumirano.

Nhasi Masoja Russian pane nzira mbiri kusvika inopisa makwapa: hondo uye basa kondirakiti. Maererano yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita chakaitwa urongwa kudare iri muchiuto, muchiuto zvinogona vakatuma nhamo makwapa pashure pemwedzi mina kudzidziswa (pamberi izwi raiva mwedzi mitanhatu).

Pasi chibvumirano, inopisa panzvimbo anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza kusaina imwe tsamba sungano nyika. chibvumirano ichi chinoitwa chete iri yokuzvidira hwaro uye nokuda yakamisirwa rokuti, iyo mugari anosungirwa kushumira. chibvumirano basa kunokwezva vakawanda nokuti izvi zvinogona kuita mari yakawanda. Rakawandisa zvinosiyana zvichienderana kumatunhu. Somuenzaniso, muna muKosovo akabhadhara 36 zviuru pamwedzi, uye muna Tajikistan - shoma zvikuru. mari Big zvinogona chichiwanikwa kuti ngozi muBosnia, muChechnya.

Asati kusaina chibvumirano, vazvipiri vane narwo munhu zvakaoma selection, kutanga kombiyuta-inobva yokuedzwa iri nzvimbo Bazi Defence uye anopera zvakazara kuongorora utano, psyche, macheki, mutemo uye kuvimbika.