Industrial mumapaki - ndima pokugara kurimwa itsva. Itai, dzichengete, uye basa

Pokugara kurimwa idzva mundima, ndiko kupa kwezvivako uye simba, zvikuru vakarongeka maindasitiri mumapaka. dzidzo ichi anofanira inopiwa ose anodiwa yaiona uye dzepamutemo ezvinhu kuronga. It zvinodzorwa nomumwe kana kupfuura unyanzvi makambani.

mamiriro

Industrial mumapaki - chairo maindasitiri nzvimbo, izvo akazvimiririra mabhizimisi akasiyana kana chete indasitiri. Area nokuti nemabhizimisi zvose kwose nokuti kugadzirwa, kugoverana kwezvivako zvayo, chaizvo chinowanzonzi, sezvo co-kuumba ukoshi wakawedzera kushandisa mabasa ane utariri kambani - private kana voruzhinji. MaKemisiti vane maindasitiri mumapaki - vanonzi namakemikari pairi emakambani vane zvikuru pedyo kutaurirana indasitiri.

Kune Association of Industrial Parks, izvo anobudiswa neZvapupu nemushumo chete, kusanganisira vasiri dzokutengesa Kudyidzana. Industrial kana maindasitiri mumapaki - zviri zvinodzorwa nerimwe chete opareta ane unyanzvi nzvimbo vanoverengeka zvivako, izvo zvinoreva kutanga nyika yose, zvino maindasitiri, yaiona, yokuchengetera zvinhu uye nezvimwe zvivako uye musha. On yose nyika yakanakisa chokufambisa uye ouinjiniya kwezvivako.

umboo

Pakati zvinokosha zvinoitwa ichi maindasitiri mapazi kunofanira kupfuura zvose nyika chaiyo mhando kubvumirwa kushandiswa, kureva indasitiri. Capital kuvakwa huru unyanzvi zvivako rinofanira kupedzwa. Engineering kwezvivako anofanira kuwanikwa. Zvinofanira riwanikwe utariri kambani.

Special pfungwa inobhadharwa ezvinhu pamutemo. Sezvo yekunwa, zvinofanira zviri pamutemo vakabvumirana pamusoro anenge ose zvinhu zviri kuvapo maindasitiri paka: panyika muchikwata kuona akabvumira kushandiswa kuvaka pamusoro kunyoresa zvibvumirano noruremekedzo pamoto uye zvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka. Zvose zvinodiwa yakatangwa mitemo nemirayiro zvinofanira zvakasimba vakaomerera, kusanganisira Rental kuti maindasitiri kwakavakirwa anofanira kuurayiwa maererano nomutemo.

kwikwidzana ezvinhu

Nokuti kubudirira maindasitiri paka inoda zhinji zvinoriumba: ndiwo zhinji basa zviwanikwa, uye munharaunda yakakura pedyo pamisika, kunyanya - Accessibility (pano yakanakisisa kusangana ekudzidza siyana zvose - kubva bhazi uye njanji chokufambisa kuenda mhepo uye mvura). Engineering kwezvivako inofanira zvakanaka kunyatsobudirira, uye simba pfuma - kunyange wandisa.

Mugari mvumo uye okutarisira kurapa zvinofanira nyore kuti vakwanise kurayira ndima yavo. Kwakavakirwa nokuti kweShanduro vakanyatsoshongedzwa maindasitiri paka zvikuru kufanira uye vari modernly akashongedzerwa. Accommodation vashandi uye munzanga kwezvivako haagoni iri kure kure. Industrial mapazi Kazhinji ane mukana kuti Siyanisai kana kuwedzera. Anobudirira nokushanda maindasitiri paka vari kushandiswa kwazvo yemhando ouinjiniya mhinduro.

nyaya

Wokutanga kusikwa maindasitiri paka kwakaitika England muna 1896. Akakurumbira financier Ernest Houli akatenga maeka gumi pamhenderekedzo Manchester Ship Canal, uye akatanga kufunga, sei dzokurasa kunyika ino. Akakurumidza akavaka nzvimbo pakugadzira, asi - kamwe zvakare - kwete nokuda kwake. Pfungwa kuumba muindasitiri paka yakaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Chokutanga, senga uye ouinjiniya kwezvivako zvakasikwa.

Ipapo financier asarudza risi kuti maindasitiri emakambani nzvimbo ndezvake. Nyaya akapfakanyisa bhora tikaisa, uye vakazotanga kutengesa zvikamu Hawley. Saka akaberekwa yokutanga munyika maindasitiri Trafford Park. Muna 1910, kwaiva pano Genri Ford akauya hope dzake American - wokutanga European motokari chirimwa, uye makambani anopfuura mazana matatu makatora muenzaniso wake uye akatamira mahofisi avo uye kugadzirwa kubva America kusvikira Manchester makore gumi. Saka maindasitiri nyika vakanga vaidzvinyirirwa enterprising vanhu.

ukoshi

Chii kusikwa muindasitiri paka kuti unahwo? Chivako ichi utariri - utariri zvinhu mu rinokosha outsourcing, apo kupindira makambani anogona nokuda wevasungwa huru mabasa kubatsirwa, vachidikanwa kukwikwidzana munzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Pano kushanda uye Synergies uye upfumi scale, kana guta guru-ndichibvunza kwezvivako, akaderedza mari pamusoro zvinokosha mabasa, sezvo emakambani dziri yakabatana isiri.

Developer kutarisirwa kana kambani kunopa Zvivako zvakanaka, kureva moto nedziviriro, kunyange maindasitiri paka anogona kuva yavo. Used yakanaka zvinhu zvose, kusanganisira nzvimbo, uye nzvimbo maindasitiri paka pane kuwedzera kukwezva kwayo, kuderedza zvavo mari pachavo pamusoro kugadzirwa. Pane mukana akudziridze bhizimisi nokuvhura kugadzirwa idzva sezvo rendi maindasitiri nzvimbo mupaki zviri yakaderera.

In Russia

Kubva pakutanga sixties remakore rechimakumi maviri, pfungwa yacho maindasitiri paka akatanga kushandiswa zvakanyanya kushingaira. MuRussia, vakatanga kuonekwa chete post-perestroika nguva, zvakarudzwa chokuita motokari bhizimisi uye kukura makemikari indasitiri. Kazhinji, akazaruka maindasitiri mumapaki vokumadokero makambani muRussia.

Zvinosuruvarisa kukodzera nzvimbo, chaizvoizvo kusango, potse pasina kushandisa kugadzirira akagadzirwa kugadzirwa site, iyo kuvhara zviri wechipfuwo maindasitiri munyika chihombe yakatarwa. Uyezve, nomurayiro mamiriro muindasitiri paka mu Russia haina kurerekera kuvabereki, asi kare makasimbisa Association, uye kubata akafa nguva yava haachatauri. Chinhu chikuru - kubatanidza kuMudzidzisi mabasa, kuti vachengete utsanana uye kwezvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka, kushandiswa ngozi zvinhu zvaizova pasi pesimba uye kushandiswa kwemvura akatakurirwa nemitemo.

mhando

Nyika Tsika rinokamukana aivapo mumapaki maindasitiri zvitatu zvinokosha yokutevedzera.

1. paka, izvo zvinosanganisira kwezvivako utariri kambani, ichipa mabhizimisi, kuwedzera nzvimbo nezvinobvamo, ariwo nhamba mabasa uye rose kwezvivako. Kakawanda, kambani zvakanaka akadaro muridzi muindasitiri park, asi haina kuzvireva. mabasa ayo - chikamu vakasununguka musika, kana urongwa chibvumirano asingagoveri kudyiwa mabasa inopiwa iri fanira hwaro.

2. Separate maindasitiri mumapaki, duku kazhinji, kukwezva makambani mabasa kubva kana anopa utariri kwezvivako yemakambani kuisa pamusoro yavo inoshandiswa yavo.

3. Industrial mumapaki pamwe chinotsigisa investor (rakakura User), iro mabasa ose mabasa uye kwezvivako zvakanaka.

Power zvitengeswa uye tsvina

Energy pano haana chete sechinhu magetsi, asi zvimwe zvose zvakafanira zvokuvakisa, izvo anoparadzirwa pamwe rukoronga uye waya network: magasi (rehydrogen, senitrogen, okisijeni, compressed mhepo nezvimwewo), mvura (anokosha zvaida kuti zvimwe zvirimwa, kutonhora mvura, desalted, zvekushandisa, kunwa uye zvichingodaro), refrigerants (amoniya, freon) nezvimwewo. Tinobudisa chiutsi rinokosha, sezvo ari maindasitiri mumapaka yayo firimu haringorevi zvinodiwa hwemvura kudziyisa, kune vazhinji kugadzira, kuwedzera kushanda kwomudzimu, CHP.

Kwetsvina - zvakare chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mabasa upi utariri kambani, sezvo izvi zvinofanira vanokodzera, sezvo ari maindasitiri paka haisi chete maindasitiri naveimba tsvina, asi kazhinji chepfu kuti inoraswa kunoda rinokosha hovhoni. Uyewo vanofanira zvavo kurapwa nembesa maindasitiri wastewater.

urongwa

Nyanzvi vakasvika nokubvumirana pamusoro chii kukwikwidzana mukana maindasitiri mumapaka. Izvi Chokwadi, urongwa kwezvivako akaisa maindasitiri ose, nokuti kubva ichi uye kunoenderana kubudirira chirongwa ichi uye vose kugadzirwa mazuva. Kuvaka nzvimbo dzakawanda maindasitiri kunobatsira kuponesa kwezvivako mari, pamwe maindasitiri mumapaki ino mhando nyore zvikuru kukwezva makambani.

Developers kazhinji wakarerutsa kunzwisisa nyaya chokuita nesangano kwezvivako, uye pane kuvakwa-refu uye isina nemapaki havagoni kushanda pamusoro kunyatsoshanda ari indasitiri. The maindasitiri paka inofanira kuva inivhesitimendi kukwezva. Uye sezvo vakadaro inogona chete kuita zvakanaka akavaka kwezvivako. Kwakajairika maindasitiri nzvimbo iri kushaya zvakafanira mabasa uye inopa vakasiyana maindasitiri mumapaka.

kutaurirana

Industrial boka, riri munzvimbo ine maindasitiri park, hapana chikonzero kuita kwavo kuchengeteka kana kwetsvina uye logistics. Zvose izvi zvaifanira kutarisirwa paka varidzi kana utariri kambani. Pasinei nokuti kambani iri kushanda akasiyana kana kunyange chete indasitiri, iyo inoratidza pakati pavo Makavakwa tichiregeredza zvavo zvisingashanduki nezvinobvamo. Somuenzaniso, kambani anogamuchira yakatsvuka zvinhu uye pave nezvinhu, vamwe otora cheni, uye pave Semi-rapera chigadzirwa kubva mairi, uye ipapo nechetatu kambani unobereka Semi-rakapera chigadzirwa.

Bato Kanenge inoita yemakwikwi nokuda rinoyevedza kwazvo mutengo. Nemakambani munzvimbo iyoyo, kwete kuitwa apedza kudaro pamusoro pamabasa kwezvivako yacho park, sezvo mari vakakamurwa zvachose uye kugamuchira shoma kupfuura kana nomumwe kuronga yayo kwezvivako. Kunyatsoshanda kuwedzera, sezvo zvose zvinoitwa vari dzirambe chete pamusoro kugadzirwa. Dzidziso mabasa maindasitiri mumapaki Conceptual, vagari vanoshandisa unyanzvi basa. The pamwero mabasa kubva kwezvivako zvakanaka mabasa ari kuramba yakakwirira, mamiriro acho ezvinhu aisimudzira bhizimisi.

About rutsigiro

Pari muRussia pane kudiwa kukuru rutsigiro uye kugadzira maindasitiri mumapaka. Hurumende anotanga kutarisira izvi kuburikidza dzinopiwa uye mutero musisiri, inokosha chikwereti zvirongwa. Quite zvinobudirira ishande mumapaki yakadaro Kaluga ( "Grabtsevo"), apo chirimwa "Volkswagen" riri. Pane zvinotendwa nevakawanda nzvimbo Park - vanopfuura manomwe namakumi matatu maeka, uye chete anenge makumi manomwe vachiri vakasununguka.

Unogonawo kumbotipa muenzaniso wacho maindasitiri paka "Vorsino", apo nzvimbo yokuti pagadzirwe miti zvakadai sokunge Nestle, NLMK, Samsung nevamwe. Kune vari zvakanaka kunyatsobudirira paka iri rinokosha zvoupfumi munyika dzine - kuBaltic Industrial Park (Kaliningrad), ipapo nokukurumidza achatanga basa kunyange chiteshi yakaoma. kubudirira yakadaro akatsanangura nyanzvi, kuti pane pane fanira uye zvakakura mamiriro rutsigiro. Local zvirongwa vachitsigirwa chete panguva remunharaunda vanochiva kuva kure saka kutsanya uye zvakadaro pamwero.