Innocent Annensky: biography, yekusika nhaka

Zuva remunyori wenyorwa Annensky Inokentiy Fedorovich (1855-1909) rakasiyana nemhando yaro. Akabudisa nhetembo yake yekutanga yekuunganidza (uye panguva yeupenyu hwake) pazera remakore makumi mana nemakumi mana pasi pezvinyorwa zvinonzi Nick. T-oh.

Munyori wenhema akanga achienda kunotungamirira bhuku rinonzi "Kubva muCango rePolphemus" uye sarudza "Utis", zvinoreva kushandurwa kubva muchiGiriki "hapana" (Odysseus akazvizivisa iye Cyclops Polyphemus). Gare gare kukohwa kwainzi "Cheiet Songs". Alexander Blok, uyo akanga asingazivi kuti munyori webhuku racho aive ani, akawana kusazivikanwa kwakadaro kusina mubvunzo. Akanyora kuti mudetembi wacho akaita seanoviga chiso chake pasi pechisiti chakamuita kuti arasike pakati pemabhuku akawanda. Zvichida, mune uku kurasika kwakaderera, munhu anofanirawo kutsvaga "marwadzo anorwadza"?

Mhemberero yerunyararo, makore vaduku

Murondedzeri weramangwana akazvarwa muOmsk. Vabereki vake (ona mumufananidzo uri pasi apa) munguva pfupi vakabva vatamira kuSt. Petersburg. Anonymous Annensky mubhuku rake roupenyu akazviti kuberekwa kwake kwakapfuura mune imwe nzvimbo iyo muridzi weimba uye zvigadziriswa zvaive zvakabatana. Akanga achida kudzidza mabhuku uye nhau kubva paudiki, akanzwa kusava nehanya nezvose zvaiva bhaal-zvakajeka uye zvepakutanga.

The First Poems

Innocent Annensky akatanga kunyora nhetembo kare kare. Sezvo chirevo che "chiratidzo" muma1870 chakanga chisati chichizivikanwa kwaari, akazviona sechinhu chinoshamisa. Annensky akakwezva ne "sangano rechitendero" raB. E. Murillo, munyori weSpain wezana remakore rechi17. Akaedza kuita iyi faira nemashoko.

Uyu mudetembi wechidiki, achitevera mazano emukuru wake mukuru, uyo aive anonyanya kuzivikanwa nehurumende uye economist (NF Annensky), akasarudza kuti kusvika makore makumi matatu iyo yakanga isingakodzeri kuparidza. Nokudaro, zvinyorwa zvake zvekunyora zvakanga zvisingadi kudhindwa. Innocent Annensky akanyora nhetembo kuitira kuti atadze unyanzvi hwake uye azivise iye pachake seve nhetembo yakakura.

Kudzidza paYunivhesiti

Kudzidza kwekare uye mitauro yekare mumakore yunivhesiti yakashandurwa kunyora kwenguva pfupi. Sezvo Innokenty Annensky akabvuma, mumakore aya haana kunyora chero chinhu, kunze kwekunyora. "Pedagogical-administration" mabasa akatanga pashure peyunivhesiti. Maererano nevanoshanda navo antichnikov, akavhiringidza Innokentiy Fedorovich kubva kuongororo dzesayenzi. Uye vanyoro vetsamba dzake vakatenda kuti akapindira nekugadzirwa.

Pakutanga semutsoropodzi

Innocent Annensky akatanga kushandurwa semutsoropodzi. Akabudisa muma1880s nemakore 1890 mutsara wose wezvinyorwa zvakapiwa kunyanya kuRussia mabhuku ezana remakore rechi19. Muna 1906 yakaonekwa yekutanga "Book of Reflections", uye muna 1909 - yechipiri. Iyi kokorodzano yekutsoropodza, iyo inopesana nekufungidzira kwekuona, Wilde subjectivism uye kufungidzira-kufungidzira mafungiro. Asina mhosva Ferorovich akasimbisa kuti akanga ari muverengi chete, uye kwete muongorori.

Shanduro dzevheiri veFrench

Annensky-nhetembo yevatungamiri vake vakafunga vaFrench symbolists, avo vakazvipira kushandura zvakawanda. Mukuwedzera pakuwedzera mutauro, vakaona kukodzera kwavo mukuwedzera kwekunaka kwekunzwisisika, pakuti vakawedzera huwandu hwekunzwisisa maitiro. Chikamu chinokosha chekutanga chemashoko anonzi Annensky akanyora shanduro dzevanyori veFrench. Kubva kuRussia vaive pedyo neAnokokenty Fedorovich aiva KD Balmont, avo vakabva vatya kumunyori we "Runyararo rwiyo." Annensky aikoshesa zvikuru mimhanzi uye "itsva kuchinja" kwerurimi rwake.

Zvinyorwa mumudhiriri we symbolist

Innocent Annensky akatungamirira upenyu hwemabhuku ega. Munguva yekudengenyeka uye dutu, haana kutsigira kodzero yekuvapo kwe "hutsva" unyanzvi. Annensky haana kubatanidzwa mune dzimwe nharo dzekutaura.

Pakazosvika 1906 mabhuku ekutanga a Innokentiy Fedorovich mu symbolist (iyo magazini "Pass") inosanganiswa. Kutaura zvazviri, kupinda kwake mumamiriro ekufananidzira kwakangoitika mugore rekupedzisira rehupenyu hwake.

Makore apfuura

Mutsoropodzi uye mudetembi Innokentiy Annensky akapa hurukuro muPoetic Academy. Akanga ariwo nhengo yeSosaiti yeZealots yeArtistic Word, iyo yakashanda pasi pepanhau reApollo. Pamapeji epepanhau ino, Annensky akabudisa nyaya inogona kunzi nyaya yepurogiramu, "On Modern Lyrism."

Chikamu chinyararire, "Cypress casket"

Kuburitsa kwakakura mumitsara yeSymbolists kwakakonzera kufa kwake kamwe kamwe. Innokenty Annensky akafa pachiteshi cheTsarskoye Selo. Hupenyu hwake hwakaguma, asi kuguma kwekufa mushure mekufa kwave kuchiwedzera. Pakati pevaduku vaduku pedyo neApollo (kunyanya Acmeist orientation, iyo Symbolists yakaseka nokuda kwekuregeredza Annensky), kereke yake yakatevera yakatanga kuumbwa. Mwedzi mina pashure pokunge Innokentii Fedorovich afa, chikamu chechipiri chezvinyorwa zvake chakabudiswa. Mwanakomana wemunyori wenhema, VI Annenky-Krivich, uyo akazova munyori wezvinyorwa zvake, commentator uye mhariri, akapedzisa kugadzirirwa kweCypress Casket (kukohwa kwakatumidzwa saizvozvo nokuti mabhuku anonzi Annensky akachengetwa mumusipiresi). Pane chikonzero chekutenda kuti haasi nguva dzose kutevera kuda kwomunyori kwababa vake nenguva.

Innokenty Annensky, ane nhetembo panguva yeupenyu hwake akanga asingafarirwi zvikuru, nekubudiswa kwe "Cypress Casket" yakawana mukurumbira wakafanira. Blok akanyora kuti bhuku iri rinopindira mukati memoyo uye rinotsanangura kwaari zvakawanda pamusoro pake. Briusov, uyo aimbova nehanya ne "kutsva" kwekutendeuka, kuenzanisa, zviputi uye kunyange nemashoko akange asarudzwa mumusangano we "Quiet Songs", watoona sekuti hazvina mubvunzo kuti hazvikwanisi kufungidzira kubva ku Innokentiy Fedorovich mazamu maviri anotevera kumativi maviri ekutanga uye pakupedzisira Inoshanda pakutanga kwayo. Krivich muna 1923 yakabudiswa mumusangano pasi pemusoro unoti "Posthumous Poems Of In." Annensky ", zvinyorwa zvakasara zvemuroyi.

Chinyararire

Hero yake yeruzhinji ndomunhu anonyaradza "ruvengo rwekuve." Annensky anotaura nekunyatsoongorora kwe "Ini" yemurume angada kuva nyika yose, kupera, kuparara mukati maro, uye iyo inotambudzwa nekuziva kwekuguma kusingadzivisiki, yekusagadzikana kwega uye kusagadzikana.

Kumavhesi aAnnenky, chinyorwa chakasiyana chinobatanidzwa ne "kunyengera kusina mano". Maererano naV. Bryusov, akava munhu wechipiri weIn Innokentiy Fedorovich semunyori. Nzira yekunyora munyori we "Cypress Casket" uye "Rwiyo Rwakadzikama" inoshamisa zvikuru. Kufananidza kushamwaridzana kwakadanwa naVyacheslav Ivanov. Annensky aidavira kuti nhetembo hairevi. Zvinongotaura chete kune muverengi asingakwanisi kuratidzwa nemashoko.

Nhasi, kugadzirwa kweInokentiy Fedorovich kwakakosha mukurumbira. Purogiramu yechikoro yaisanganisira murunyori akadai saAngokky Annensky. "Pakati pezvisikwa," kuongororwa kwacho kunobvunzwa kuitisa kune vadzidzi, zvichida ndiyo nhetembo yake yakakurumbira. Cherechedza zvakare kuti, kuwedzera kune nhetembo, akanyora mito mina mumweya weEuripides pamusoro pezvakaitika mumatambudziko ake akarasikirwa.