Ireland, Dublin. Flag of Ireland - Photo. Dublin - Attractions

In Northern Europe, pane zvinoshamisa runako nyika yaro - Ireland. Dublin - guta guru reRepublic. Guta rakamiswa panguva confluence nzvimbo. Lofii muna muDublin Bay, riri mu muGungwa Irish. nzvimbo Its akaenzana zana nemashanu makiromita dzakaenzana. Dublin Nde chiteshi munyika, mukuwedzera, iye anoshumira pakati enyika, zvoupfumi uye tsika upenyu State.

Kwakatangira zita

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti shoko "muDublin" akazviratidza somugumisiro kwemapazi mashoko maviri Irish - ". Vatema" "dubh" uye "Linn", iro rinoshandurudza se "dziva" uye Zvisinei, vamwe vatsvakurudzi zvinombokunetsa Shanduro iyi, zvichireva kuti zita guru raMwari yakaumbwa kubva Air shoko wemishonga «djup lind» -. «Zvakadzama Creek" Zvisinei, vakawanda kare uye nyanzvi dzemitauro, tsanangudzo yokutanga ndiyo kunoratidzika anobata.

Irish ano vanogona sei kudaidza guta ravo mumutauro wadzo? The it Átha Cliath. Kushandurwa zvinoreva "kugarwa panguva zambuko." Izvi refu rokuremekedza iri kazhinji yatsiviwa chidimbu nemi. Mune rimwe guta ano zvakasiyana Anglo-Irish shanduro zita iri ndima chete chizvarwa Irish.

nhoroondo mashoko

Ancient kana nyika ino - Ireland? Dublin Somuenzaniso, muna 140 BC akanga atotendeukira Celtic kugarwa dzakazara pamwe wemamongi. Akazova nhare Air umambo pachitsuwa. Muna 902, iyo VaViking vachidzingwa muDublin, pamwe zvemo vanhu, asi vasingadzoreki Scandinavians vakadzokera kunyika yaigarwa muna 917 muna 1014 kurwisana Clontarf, apo vaCelt akatungamirira mambo wavo Brian Boru akakunda Viking hondo. Vakundwa Bato vakanamatira rugare wokuti zvibvumirano uye nokubatana, vachibvumira kuti VaViking ritonge nyika yavo inotevera matatu emakore.

Middle Ages

Muna 1169 zvakanzi nechisimba hondo Henry II Plantagenet Ireland. Dublin pamusana mukukunda zvisingaiti akava nhare hurumende yeBritain. Nokuda kuzivikanwa raPapa, Henry II akaziviswa Ishe Ireland uye munhoroondo muguta roumambo. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1171. Zvadaro, Anglo-Norman vakundi vakatanga nokushingaira rwezvinhu mutsika, kudzidza mutauro Irish uye tsika. Kubvira ipapo, uye vakatanga pedyo, kunyange nguva dzose nyore ukama pakati Irish uye Chirungu.

Colonisation

Tudor wakatsvaka nechokwadi kuti iye aiteerera Ireland zvose. Dublin sezvo huru guta chitsuwa chaiva kufarira.

Muna 1592, nemhaka kuitwa Queen Elizabeth Vokutanga, iri guta guru pakoreji "Utatu" rakaumbwa. Aiva chikoro yechiPurotesitendi kuti Irish kwamachinda. Dublin vakapfuma Mudunhu vakaramba kudzidzisa vana vavo ipapo. Asi, dzomunyika kwamachinda yakasimbiswa vana vakaenda kuzvikoro Catholic pamusoro kondinendi.

Zvadaro, zviremera British vakaita dzinoverengeka kuchinja kuti kumanikidza yeRoma vazhinji zvawaitaura. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, saka anonzi British itsva dzaiumbwa nomuzongoza munyika ndechei. Izvi yaiitwa kusvikira rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore.

Munguva 1640s, zviuru vaPurotesitendi vakatizira muDublin. The kwakasvika vava kuda rokumukira. Mhirizhonga akarambwa, asi makatorike vakaramba vashoma.

Physiographic zvinhu

Modern Dublin iri huviri nehasha kuenzana kumativi - nezasi - rwizi Liffey. Inoyerera kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva uye runoyerera muGungwa Irish. Rwizi kwenguva refu vakanzwisisa sechipinganidzo nokuda kwazvo waterlogging pamusoro yokumadokero chidimbu uye muromo nguva. Kwemazana emakore anoverengeka, dambudziko iri rakanga chakagadziriswa anoonga zvinodiwa wetlands uye dzakakomba nokusimbaradza pakati embankments. Pari, pane tsika kusimudza pachiyero mvura Liffey.

okunze date

Ko zvakanaka okunze kuna muDublin? Capital kunoratidzwa kuchinja duku tembiricha, nepakati muchando uye muchitonhorera yechirimo. Akanyanya kupisa muna June uye July. Kunonaya muna muDublin anenge kaviri kuvatumwa muWestern Ireland, uye kwakafanana muLondon. Kakawanda kunonaia muna August uye December. mamiriro okunze akaoma kwazvo, kazhinji muna April. Avhareji yegore negore kunonaya zviri pa 762 mm. Izvi idukusa, somuenzaniso, muNew York, Sydney kana Dallas.

Geographic map muDublin unokubvumira kuona kuti guta iri kumusoro Latitude. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, muguta guru muzhizha kunogona chiedza maawa gumi namapfumbamwe zuva, uye muchando - usati pfumbamwe.

Guta rimwe zvikuru tichitarisa inoitika njodzi. Akanga asingatyi tsunami, kudengenyeka kwenyika, madutu uye washington. In Dublin dzimwe nguva hombodo simba uye gusty mhepo, asi Ireland vanotambura mamwe maguta zvakawanda.

Nyanzvi kuziva duku tembiricha musiyano pakati nepakati uye kumucheto guru. Saka, mumwoyo guta madhigirii maviri kana matatu inodziya. Coldest muna December, January naFebruary. Munguva kubva November kusvika April chando akawa, asi kazhinji inonyunguduka mukati mana mashanu mazuva. Mabhanan'ana hadziwanzowaniki, kazhinji muzhizha.

simba hurongwa

The guta riri pasi kudzorwa muDublin City Council. Ichi muviri mumiririri. Election kwenhengo dzinoitwa pamakore mashanu. Panzvimbo Council vangakwanisa vamiririri vose munzanga uye mapato ezvematongerwe enyika. Ndicho kupfuura reDare matunhu neminisiparati zviremera yose Ireland. The Council anoshanda yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita kuti mari, anotonga matunhu neminisiparati bhajeti. Mukuwedzera, ayo pfungwa nzvimbo - unhu migwagwa, mvura uye voruzhinji utano. A anokosha muviri - maneja guta. Central hofisi riri muchivako kurutivi rwezasi embankment. Liffey pedyo nepakati guru.

Economy, kwezvivako

Mireniyumu itsva vakauya naro kuwedzera zvinakire vagere of Republic of Ireland. Dublin (mufananidzo guta rino rakanaka dzinoturwa munyaya) panyaya iyi haisi anosara. Zvino iye anotora navatanhatu nzvimbo chepamusoro akawanda mumaguta zvinodhura munyika. Panguva iyoyo mubayiro ndezvimwewo soro.

The chikuru bazi guta emakore anoverengeka ari kutanga. A anozivikanwa foamy drink Guinness iri brewed muna muDublin kubva 1759. Pari muguta guru unoshanda shamwari zhinji maindasitiri kushandisa pagadzirwe mishonga zvigadzirwa. Uyezve, achitungamirira makambani mubasa mashoko michina, zvakare, vane vagoverwa muDublin uye akapoteredza kumaruwa. Pakati Hofori izvi Google, Microsoft, PayPal, Amazon, uye Yahoo!. Company Hewlett Packard uye Intel vane mafekitari hombe Kidler County, riri gumi makiromita kumadokero guru.

Recently muna muDublin upfumi mberi kunosimbisa nzvimbo rwezvemabhengi. Saka, guta kubudirira ushande Commerzbank uye Citibank bazi.

Panguva upfumi tiguu kwakawedzera kuvaka, uye nhasi nzvimbo iyi anonzi kwainyanya mabasa. Kunyange zvakadaro, muna 2007 Dubliners vari nechinetso kwemabasa nokuti kuti pfungwa yave mberi kudiwa pabasa pamusika. Nhasi, nokushingaira mundotarisisa seedy maindasitiri nzvimbo yeguta, pane vakawanda zvivakwa kwakasiyana-siyana. Pakati zvirongwa pfupi - kuvakwa pevhu.

Muguta pane zvikoro zvina dzidzo yepamusorosoro. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo - wepaYunivhesiti muDublin, ndiye zvakare mukuru.

Nokure tsika

Dublin - the nzvimbo yechizvarirwo vazhinji matarenda vanhu. Nyika yose anoziva pamusoro yakakurumbira vanhu vakaberekerwa guta rino. Pakati pavo vane Semyuel Bekket, George. George Bernard Shaw uye Uilyam Batler Yeyts, Dzhonatan Svift uye Oskar Uayld uye Bram Stoker. Zvisinei, yakakurumbira zvikuru muDublin anoonga okugadzira zvinhu Jakobho Joyce. Ndiye mumwe havaoni kuti modernism mune mabhuku. Portrait of munyori anogona kuonekwa kunyange panguva mashanu bhiri. Mabasa Joyce vari vakazadzwa kunakidza mashoko kubva upenyu panguva yake vaigara muDublin.

In guru, wakazarura National Museum of heraldry. Rayakavambwa inopfuura zana apfuura - muna 1908, uye mumwe mukuru mamiziyamu munyika zvidzidzo zvakafanana. No zvishoma kunakidza ndiye kushanyira Irish Museum of Modern Art.

Dublin. rainzwika guta

St. Patrick kuti Cathedral ndiwo kupfuura zvivako zvakadaro kuIreland. Pane imwe nguva yakanga yakakurumbira abbot Dzhon Svift, uyo akava kuonga yakakurumbira basa rake rinonzi "Nzendo Gulliver kuti."

Dublin Castle zvino nzvimbo dislocation nehurumende chitsuwa. It rakadzikwa varayirwa King Ioanna Bezzemelnogo kuitira kudzivirira kubva yokurwiswa Normans. Castle yakazarukira vashanyi, kana isina misangano hurumende inokosha.

"Spire pakati muDublin" ane mapurani unonyanyoshandiswa guta. Monument Izvi zvinoonekwa kubva zvinenge zvose pfungwa guru. Pamasikiro "tsono" iri nyore: pa 121 metres kumusoro hunokwira zvishoma nezvishoma tapering simbi spire.

Dublin Territory Botanical Garden zvechokwadi hunoshamisa pamusoro maviri namashanu maeka vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri-siyana kasvisto pasi nyika. Iyi nzvimbo iri noruremekedzo kunzi uswa mwoyo eguta muDublin.

Rainzwika guru asingadi kugumira ipapo. A kufarira nzvimbo inofamba Dubliners nguva dzose kunzi Garden Rokuyeuchidza. Pane chiyeudzo ndangariro vaya vakapa upenyu hwavo nokuda zvakanaka uye rusununguko chacho. Pasinei achidemba kukonzera, nzvimbo ino izere anosimbisa upenyu-dzinongoitika nokubwinya.

Yomunharaunda Zoo unogona kuyemura sezvinoita mhuka zvakafanana omunharaunda uye kashoma vamiririri fauna of. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mudonzvo sangano uyu zvose zvinoreva kutsigira simulation zvikuru rwokuzvarwa dzinogarisana pakati kumawadhi avo.

nzira rwokufamba

Metropolitan senga samambure chinomiririrwa mukuru-nokukurumidza emagetsi nezvitima nemabhazi. Mutengo tikiti zvinosiyana zvichienderana ya rwacho uye ari kuwanda 1.65-4.3 euros. On Kutengeswa muri matikiti kuti vari kushanda vari zvitima nemabhazi. Kazhinji, basa mumadhorobha chokufambisa rinotanga pa nhanhatu mangwanani uye rinoguma hafu apfuura gumi usiku. Panguva dzemazororo, iyi inogona chokuwedzera yomunharaunda yaitonga.

batanidzo

The kutaurirana gadziriro guta asangana kupfuura inoomesera mitemo uye zvinodiwa. In dzakasiyana-siyana mumaguta michina runhare, pamwe mari unogona kubhadhara pamwe kubhengi kadhi. Zvisinei, kunoda makadhi rinokosha runhare mari isingadhuri zvikuru kutenga navo makuru muzvitoro, mune newsagents zvose uye peturu zvechitima.

Mobile kukurukurirana mhiri chitsuwa unoshanda pamusoro GSM mureza. With ichi kungomberereka basa riwanikwe ruzhinji nevashanyi vokune dzimwe nyika. Alternative - kutenga imwe Irish SIM-kadhi. Chinonyanya dzakakurumbira dzaishandisa vemo - O2 uye Vodafone.

Exit kuti World Wide Web anogona kuva chero guru dhipatimendi pakukurukurirana kana paIndaneti Datenroku.

mamiriro chiratidzo

Ireland Flag (mapikicha zvinogona kuonekwa pazasi) iri remadziro rine mapoka matatu. Ivo kupendwa zvinotevera mavara: chena - pakati, girini - pfumo unopinza, orenji - vane vakasununguka. Panyaya iyi, ruvara rokutanga chinofananidzira rugare hukama pakati zvitendero, wechipiri - makatorike, wechitatu - nevaPurotesitendi. Kokutanga mureza akaita sechiratidzo renyika muna 1916. Zvino akamutswa pamusoro guru posvo panguva mhemberero Isita.

Dublin nguva

Gore negore nyika inobereka nguva machena-kuchengetedza. Museve apo ochinja kweawa mberi. Saka, pane yakatsauka kubva GMT kwemaminitsi makumi matanhatu. Muna 2014, kuchinja kwakaitika musi March 30 uye October 26 Dubliners vachava kushandura nemiseve wachi yake shure awa rimwe.

mhedziso

Kumusoro arondedzera zvakadzama guta guru akanaka nyika iyi European kufanana Ireland. Island map, mureza uye varipo anonyorwa pamusoro mifananidzo. Tinovimba kuti rakapotsa rwavakaita akubatsirai iumbe pfungwa pamusoro guta rino.