Ko shoko rokuti "annexation"? The annexation of Czechoslovakia. Annexation - nayo ....

Shoko rokuti "annexation" kunoreva yaiparadza mumwe nyika pomumwe, panguva yavakanga anogona kubatanidza ndima imwe mhando. Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa pfungwa iri kukurukurwa nomumwe nevakawanda rokuti - basa, izvo zvinoreva abolition mutemo anopa rakundwa ndima.

mienzaniso annexation

Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo zviitiko muBosnia and Herzegovina, vakatora nzvimbo annexation - ive Austria basa muzana remakore rechi19, idzi, kuti aigona kureva chete chinhu - the kwakaderera pakupesvedzerwa yeAustria ushe uye agodzoka navo zvimwe rusununguko pamutemo (somuenzaniso, kudzoka kodzero kupfeka yaimbova zita ). Mumwe muenzaniso - US annexation of Hawaii. Hatifaniri kukanganwa zvakadaro chiitiko, sezvo annexation of Czechoslovakia neGermany kana reRussia annexation pamusoro Crimea. Pfungwa iyi vakashanda pamusana dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya hunhu mutemo wenyika hwakasimba panyaya hurumende, iyo yaiva Unorudzi zvikuru simba.

Nhoroondo panowanikwa annexation kuRussia

Saka annexation - kuti, maererano nomutemo dzakawanda, zvisiri pamutemo annexation uye kupambwa munharaunda imwe neimwe. MuRussia, pfungwa kokutanga akasangana muzana remakore rechi19, uye raireva kubatana pamucheto munda mumwe hurumende. Hakusi kunyange aimbonzi chiito kuramba aimbova muridzi nharaunda (state). Anoreva zvakafanana iri raiva "annexation" uye "annektirovanie".

Annexation - kwakakomba kutyorwa kodzero?

Annexation ari hunonyadzisa kutyora mutemo dzakawanda. The invalidity kuti miganhu akunde zvakadaro, inova mugumisiro wacho kwaita annexation, kunoratidza zvimwe zvibvumirano uye mabasa dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, izvi ndizvo mutongo pamusoro muNuremberg Military Tribunal (1946), uyewo UN Declaration, izvo anoita inadmissibility kuti kukanganiswa munyaya dzomunyika venyika, chiziviso achiratidza misimboti mutemo dzakawanda pamusoro kutsanangurwa pamwe uye ushamwari pakati States (1970). Pamusoro inadmissibility pamusoro annexation uye rinoti kuita pakati Conference musi Security uye Cooperation mu Europe (Final Act).

Mupiro - concomitant pfungwa

Annexations uye indemnities - kazhinji pfungwa mbiri idzi chaizvo kushamwaridzana nomumwe. Saka, wechipiri izwi anewo nokuiswa zvimwe mhosva iri akakundwa munyika.

"Rugare pasina annexations uye indemnities" akanga aronga muna 1918 mushure World War First. Zvisinei, pamusoro Russia, Hurumende yakanga zvavakatemerwa vanoshorwa ezvinhu zvenyika, kuti kugadziriswa chete 1922. Saka, imwe nyika kunobva chenhau, zvingasava. Inobva tsanangudzo kweshoko, ivo annexation - rudzi kuenderera hasha nezviito, kunyange asina zvakadai munguva makore hondo.

Pfungwa basa

Annexation zvinokosha kusiyanisa basa. Saka annexation anonzi pachiitwa zvimwe zvinhu kuti murege anosanganisira kuchinja mutemo munharaunda achidiwa. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, muenzaniso unogona kushumira Bosnia and Herzegovina, waiva basa muAustria-Hungary uye yakatora izvozvo chete muna 1908. Vasati iyi, State pamutemo vaiva hweTurkey.

VI Lenin annexation

Kunyange Lenin akapiwa tsanangudzo pfungwa iyi. Maererano naye, annexation - zvakadai kumanikidza kukumbanidzwa, yokumwe kudzvinyirira runoratidzwa kubatana womumwe ndima.

Nemigumisiro yakaipa indemnity

It watopiwa kushandiswa chinhu chakadai somupiro inotaridza rokumanikidzirwa kuunganidzwa vachibhadhara kana pfuma yakabatwa kubva akakundwa mamiriro yapera ruvengo. At mumwoyo indemnity akateya pasi chinhu akadai "rworudyi akunda." Pfungwa iyi inoshanda zvisinei kuvapo kururamisira zvinoitwa hondo, rinokunda hurumende. Size, chimiro uye mamiriro ezvinhu indemnity kubhadhara takatsunga ne Kumukundi. Pfungwa iyi yakatanga senzira iyo vanhu ari akakunda mamiriro kana guta pakutanga kutenga kure zvinogona zvaibiwa kwakaenderera.

History rinopa mienzaniso indemnity wakajeka. Saka, nokuti isingadzorwi zvakapambwa kurambidzwa vagari pasi nyaya yacho Hague Convention muna 1907 vakanga kungogumira kuchaja kukura. Zvisinei, panguva mbiri dzenyika, nyaya idzi dzakanga nani kukutsvinyira chibharo. Geneva Convention, kureva kudzivirirwa zvavo muna 1949, haana kupa muunganidzwa. Entente States mubishi rakasikwa Chibvumirano Versailles, akasaina muna 1919, vakanga dzakamanikidzwa kusiya mari mhando iyi, asi vakaritsiva nemazita yokugadzirisa. Muna 1947, rugare zvibvumirano anopa mazano vasiri kushandisa indemnities. Munzvimbo yayo, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, uyai kugadziriswa kuzvitsinhanisa, kuripira uye mamwe marudzi zvinhu basa nyika.

The annexation of Czechoslovakia ne Germany

Achitaura nezvezviitiko Hondo Yenyika II, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kusachinja-chinja yaHitler zvinangwa izvi. Naizvozvo, kana mutemo kuMavirira akavambundira mashoko ake kukoshesa, nenguva chiito aigona kumisa Hitler ipapa. Asi chokwadi - chinhu chisingarambiki. Saka, mushure Implementation pamusoro annexation pamusoro Sudetenland kubudikidza Hitler, kwakasarudzwa pamusoro rokurwa yose Czechoslovakia. danho Izvi zvinoita German mutemo, kunze makomborero kwoupfumi, tora kunyange uye geopolitical zvinobatsira mune nechokumabvazuva Europe, iyo pave anobudirira mufambiro remapazi zvechiuto muPoland uye muBalkans.

To kubatwa of Czechoslovakia akanga ropa, zvakanga zvakakodzera rokurwadzisa ari Czechoslovak statehood. Hitler rave akaita mitsara nezvokukosha kudzivisa munhu European hondo. Zvisinei, pashure pokunge zviitiko muMunich, wezvematongerwe enyika wokuGermany vakatanga kuziva kuti wakatevera dambudziko anogona chete kuguma muhondo. In iyi, chero "kutamba" pamwe London wo vakarasikirwa zvazvinoreva.

Pakati achangobuda kuedza kukurukurirana nezvibvumirano - kusaina of 1938 chibvumirano ne France, izvo kwakagonesa inviolability pakati nhengo miganhu. Yaiva mhando chinamatidzwa kuna Munich Anglo-German Declaration, chakagadzirirwa pfupi akadzikama Germany kumavirira parutivi. Uye Paris Agreement kwakaratidza nzvimbo zvaratidza kutanga kwekupwanyiwa neitsva danho iri European nezvibvumirano.

Zvisinei, Hitler, aitoita Czechoslovakia zvachose. Rakanga kuitwa Germany separatist vakakutsamwisai. Hurumende muPrague okupedzisira kuedza kuponesa hurumende residues vakatorwa. Saka, vakanga emauto akadzingwa mabasa Slovak uye Rusyn (Transcarpathia) hurumende, uyewo mutemo wechiuto pamusoro munharaunda Slovakia. Izvi zviri chose zvienderane Hitler munzvimbo. Saka, muna 1939 vatungamiri Slovak Catholic (Jozef Tiso uye Ferdinand Durkansky) vakanga vakokwa Berlin, kwaakanotanga akasaina mapepa vagadzirira, iyo vakazivisa rusununguko Slovakia. Panguva iyoyowo Reich kunoda kutora itsva ezvinhu pasi yayo kudzivirira. Saka, yakanga zvakataurwa annexation of Czechoslovakia neGermany.