Krubera Cave muna Abkhazia

Redu hwakazara zhinji asinganzwisisiki uye dzinonakidza nzvimbo. Vamwe vavo makazara vanhu Inoziva, uye vamwe pashure zvizhinji kutsvakurudza achiri anofanira kuongorora mberi. Vamwe chakavanzika uye anonzi zvakadzamisisa munyika Krubera Cave, iri Abkhazia. Mumakore, masayendisiti munyika yose vari kuedza kududzira yayo yekare zvakavanzika.

Nhoroondo mubako mazita

Krubera Cave Abkhazia marairirwo mu inofa arabica makomo. Inoitwa matsime kakawanda, interconnected Via namaberere uye stile. Water mumapako kupa upenyu pfupi rwizi munyika Reprua River, iyo inoyerera muGungwa Dema. Kureba haasi mamita anopfuura gumi.

The bako kunosvika kudzika anenge 2,200 mamita. Wakatanga Akaongorora ne speleologists kubva Georgia (1960) uye pakutanga akanzi ari kukudzwa musayendisiti Alexander Krubera. Nepo udzamu kwayo kwave kugona chete mapfumbamwe nemashanu mamita.

The kudzidza chechipiri chaiva kuitika chete muna 1968, nemhaka cavers kubva Krasnoyarsk Territory. Kudzidza kuna kudzika zita ravo raishandiswa Siberian mazana maviri negumi mamita.

The chinotevera Kudzidza mubako vakanga mubasa eighties Kiev cavers. Vakamupa izvozvo rimwe zita - Makunguo. Muchiitiko chino, masayendisiti vakashanda kuti kudzika mazana matatu namakumi mana mamita.

zvinyorwa cavers

Nokuda kuvengana rakafukidza nharaunda Abkhazia, cavers uye vava dzisingambosvikiki Krubera Cave. Pamepu yenyika kutsvakurudza, iye akaramba inoshamisa nzvimbo kwenguva yakati.

Zvisinei, panguva pakuguma cavers 90 kubva Kiev ushande kudzidza rakazotanga, uye pakupedzisira boka Kusvika kudzika chimwe namazana metres mana namazana gumi. On January 2001, kwakaratidzwa mutsva chiratidzo - 1710 m, yaiva nyika chinyorwa mugumisiro masayendisiti vari wokuUkraine Speleological Association.

Uyezve kuita Kunoonekwa maari nechisimba Cavex chikwata kuti muna August 2003, pasinei nematambudziko zvikuru, asvika kudzika 1680 mamita. A gore yakazonzi zvinotevera zvinyorwa. Nhengo rwendo akasvikawo mucherechedzo 1775 metres, uye vechikamu pamusoro Ukrainian Speleological Association - kusvika 1840 mamita. Uye muna October 2004, nhoroondo yenyika kokutanga zvabatsira kutenda kwako kushayiswe nokukurira muganhu maviri-kiromita.

Kutozosvikira munguva ichangopfuura, rekodhi udzamu pa 2,191 metres Nhamba mutsvakurudzi G. Samokhin (August 2007). Mumwe kunofanira ona nemigumisiro yakanaka nokuramba nevakadzi. Saka, Lithuanian S. Pankene asvika kudzika zviuru zviviri metres imwe zana namakumi mana masendimita.

On wokupinda kubako

Login, ine Krubera Cave, riri pana 2250 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Asi pane mbiri kuwana. Inouya mumapako akadai Genrihova rakadzika zvisina mugumo uye Kuibyshev. Vari zvimwe ari mugomo. A mamita zana kuvatumwa nomukova rarira, pane mukana kuburikidza Berchilskuyu mubako. The Kureba kwakadaro svinga mamita anopfuura zviuru zviviri zvakadzama.

Kuvapo mapako akakura vakawanda mukati kugomo hurongwa arabica masayendisiti vaifungidzira kwenguva refu. Kunyange pakutanga ramakumi remakore kutungamirira karstology Martel wokuFrance, ndichipedza munzvimbo idzi tsvakurudzo, akagumisa kuti paiva mumakomo huru mumigodhi.

Zvisinei, kuwana gobvu kubako rakanga rakawanikwa chete 60s. Asi nokuda pfupi wakamanikana ndima vokuGeorgia speleologists (kunyange pashure kuwanikwa kutsime) vaifanira mumusiye kubva achida basa. Yakanga chete muna 2002, akapayona zvakadzamisisa mumapako venyika vave kuzivikanwa nenhengo chikwata wokuRussia-Ukrainian.

Kukunda rekodhi zvabuda

Tichishandisa ichangopfuura, muna 2012, masayendisiti ari Hebrew University akanga akatakurwa rimwe kudzidza nyika mumapako akakurumbira. Kugadzirira Chiitiko vaiva nhengo chikwata kwemakore akawanda. The chinangwa chikuru boka remasayendisiti chave kuongorora mubako, ayo kudzika uye pevhu mvura manyuko, uyewo kunzwisisa kukura kamwe avapo pamusoro climate Wepasi. Zvisinei, kunze ichi, mumwe zvinoshamisa migumisiro basa ravo rakanga kuwanikwa unexplored mhando hove mhenyu mvura yakachena ari kudzika anodarika zviuru zviviri mamita.

Krubera Cave chinokwezva masayendisiti akawanda. Dzidza ayo pakadzika kakawanda anova nechinhu kubva makwikwi ane mutsa kuzadzisa zvabuda itsva. Saka, nguva ino Ukrainian dzendege mukati rwendo vakazobvumirana rekodhi udzamu - 2 metres 196 masendimita pazasi pemvura. Nokuti kupinda migove akanyanyisa cavers bako aifanira kushandisa tambo uye svetuka mumvura inotonhora zvikuru. Zvinosuruvarisa mumwe nhengo rwendo akafa zvinosuruvarisa panguva kuedza.

Uyezve, akanga arohwa uye mumwe rekodhi mugumisiro. Israeli musayendisiti Feigin aiva mubako mazuva makumi maviri nemana, yakanga wakarebesa nguva aipedza pevhu.

kupfura bako

Zvechokwadi, kwete chete kune speleologists, asiwo Photographers dzakawanda zvikuru Krubera Cave. Photos akatorwa pana makuru pakadzika, chinhu kujairika uye incredible. Mukurumbira mifananidzo S. Alvarez akaita vakawanda kwepfuti kukuru basa cavers. Vasati kuti, akashanda ari mifananidzo yechitendero, zvetsika uye tsvakurudzo vanotongwa, tichishanda mabhuku akadai Time, National Geographic Magazine, Travel Holiday, Adventure, Delta Sky. Asi vamwe nguva chitandadzo ake akava chakakomba kuongorora remapako.

A itsva mhando zvipembenene

Kwete chete nokuti speleologists nayo dzakazonaka nzira itsva Krubera Cave. Karwendo ari kuumbwa kutsvakurudza, vakarongwa maererano Spanish zvipenyu havasi kumanikidzwa kuzomirira nguva yakareba kuti migumisiro zvitsva. Vakanga vakawana vasati kudzidza chimiro chenyika zvipembenene. Vari pakati kupfuura glubokoobitayuschim pevhu Tupukanana tichiverenga makemikari nyaya uye hunokuvadza kuora. Duvalius nhengo kwemarudzi vane meso kudzikisa rima pedyo pepasi. Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vanodavira kuti ichi karst bako unogona kuwana mhando dzakawanda zvikuru akasiyana zvipembenene kuti vanogara shoma munharaunda, sekuti mubako kana chitsuwa.

Vakundi mumapako

Russian-Ukrainian boka cavers Cavex akaita chaizvo yokuburitsa zvakavanzika mutsva zvakadzamisisa mumapako zvenyika. Pashure vose daredevils ose chikwata ndiye akatanga kuburuka rose pakureba matsime pevhu kuti kudzika 1710 mamita.

Kuyaruka ongororo hwakafumurwa Krubera Cave. Cavex kazhinji kuuya mhiri akafa-magumo maberere kana mahwindo diki iri mumadziro matsime, asi ivo vaizongoguma kutungamirira kutanga nzira itsva. Nechekare muna 2001, masayendisiti zvasvika pakadzika itsva, iyo yakava nyika zvinyorwa mugumisiro. Akazarura bako nzvimbo dzakaguma mumirazvo kamuri rimwe dhamu yainzi "Hall of speleologists yeSoviet." Saka kwakasimbiswa kuti kubudirira ichi rave zvibvire anoonga basa nezvizvarwa zvevazukuru masayendisiti.

Chinokonzera yakawanda tsvakurudzo

Muna 2001, gore Krubera Cave pamutemo vakagamuchira zita zvakadzamisisa munyika, inopfuura rapfuura chinyorwa yokuisira - yeAustria bako Lamprechtsofen uye French Per Sen Martin, uye Zhan Bernar.

Kuti tinzwisise kudzika kwaro rechokwadi, rinofanira akabvuma kanenge nomwe Eiffel Towers, akatarisana mumwe. Nei cavers zhinji sei vaisagona kudaro refu kumisa wechokwadi kukura mubako? Chikonzero chinokosha yagara kushaya unyanzvi nzira. Uyezve, mashoko anotyisa uye yakamanikana chaizvo mberi nokudzoka shure achikanda dambudziko zvinouraya nevaongorori vakawanda.

Kunyange zvakadaro, risingazivikanwi bako ichiri chinokwezva masayendisiti kuti ayo incredible pevhu mapopoma, tunnels uye matsime, zvichiita ANOITA zvose zvinhu zvitsva.