Kudyisa vana kubvira mumazuva okutanga ehupenyu. Nzira yekudyisa vana

Kupa vana kubva mumazuva okutanga eupenyu kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti nguva inenge iri pakati penguva yekuberekwa uye kutanga kwekudya kwemavara kunofanira kuva duku. Chiratidzo chikuru chenguva ino chinofanira kuva 1 awa. Zvose zvinoreva izvi. Kune chiedza, vana vanenge vachangoberekwa vanoratidzika vane simba risina simba. Somugumisiro, vanogona kutarirwa zvirwere zvakawanda. Kuumbwa kweropa ravo hakuchina hutachiona hunodiwa. Asi kuvonga colostrum, vana vasina simba vane simba. Mumuviri wavo unogamuchira chirwere chezvirwere, izvo zvichatsirwa kusimbisa kudzivirirwa kwemuviri. Mukuwedzera, ruvara rwevana ndechimwe chinhu chinonaka chinonaka.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti colostrum haisi iyo chete inokonzera zvirwere zvakakosha. Inotaridzirwawo sekuti inhibitor yemagetsi yekuita. Kurumidza kugamuchira ruvara nemuviri kunobatsira kuti mudumbu remwana, lactobacilli kuone, iyo inodzivirira mukurudzirwa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopararira. Muchiitiko ichi, mabhakitiriya anokuvadza haawani kuwana mudumbu uye mumatumbo. Uyewo mabhakitiriya anobatsira anovandudza kudya, kukurumidza kubuda kwechigaro.

Kudyisa vana kubvira mumazuva okutanga ehupenyu: tsanangudzo

Kudyisa mbudzi pasi pemubereki kunoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mbudzi ine mukaka wakawanda wekuita. Zvadaro kuvapo kwembudzi nemukomana kunowedzera kusvika kumwedzi 4 yezera. Zvadaro zvinotamirwa kune imwe yekudya (somuenzaniso, mukaka uchatsiva). Apo kudya mbudzi kubva pamazuva okutanga ehupenyu kunoitika pachitsiko, zvinodikamwa kunyatsoongorora kuti udde hwakachena uye hune hutano, uye mukaka pachawo unowanzosunungurwa kunze. Kazhinji, mushure mokuberekwa, mwana anotanga kuyamwa ari oga, asi zviri nani kutsigira nemukoma, sezvo zvichiri zvakaoma kumire pamakumbo ayo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviputi mumbudzi zvinoputika, izvo zvinoita kuti vana vasapinda mumukaka. Inofanira kuonekwa kuti vana vasina simba uye havakwanise kusvika kumukaka zvachose nekuda kwekanyori. Saka, usati watanga vana, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchenge kunze kwekutanga.

Nguva yekutanga vana vacheche vacheche vanobvumirwa kuenda kumbudzi imwe awa mushure mokuberekwa kwake. Anovadyisa nguva dzinenge 6-8 pazuva. Kubvira pazuva rechi11 rehupenyu vana vanotanga kudyora zvinyorwa zvitsva uye zvakanyanyisa oatmeal. Zuva rimwe nerimwe vanoisa hutsva hutsva mugomba. Nokuti kudyiswa kwemisi isina kunwa kunoshandiswa mukati memazuva gumi.

Kukura makwayana nevana: kudya mitemo

Muvhiki yekutanga, kuenzanisa kwevana vaduku kunofanira kuva ne 1.5 litita emukaka, uye uitore 3-4 kazuva. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mukatsiva wemukaka unofanira kuverengerwa zvishoma nezvishoma muzvokudya. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa kusvikira mukaka waamai uchatsiviwa. Pazera remakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu kusvika makumi matatu kusvika pane makumi matatu kusvika makumi matatu kusvika makumi matatu kusvika kune makumi matatu, zvakakosha kuisa mukutya kwembudzi yemaminerari fertilizing. Iyi inenge magiramu mashanu emunyu, 7 gramu yekiki yakapwanyika kana bone. Chikamu chakagadzirirwa mumwe munhu. Kana mwana akave nemwedzi mitatu, iwe unogona kuwedzera mugove wezuva nezuva wemapfupa (chaki) kusvika ku 10 g.Zvino muzera rino iwe unofanira kutanga uchechera vana kubva kumai vachidya. Inokurudzirwa kugovera zvemazuva gumi-gumi. Munguva iyi, mhuka inofanirwa kudyidzana nemukaka wamai amai uye kuisa pfungwa, kuitira kuti zviri nyore kudzidzira kubatsiririra mukaka waamai.

Kudyisa nemukaka usina kuputika

Chimwe chinotsigira chizivo chemukaka chinogona kuwana mimwe yakasiyana. Uyu ndiwo mukaka wembudzi wakasanganiswa wemhuka chaiyo. Pasteurization inofanirwa kuti iparadze zvisikwa zvose zvinokuvadza, zvichiita kuti mukaka ukwanise kushandiswa kwenguva yakati mushure mekucheka.

Nzira dze pasteurization

Pasteurization inogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri - nokukurumidza uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Kutsanya kwakakurumidza ndeyokuti mukaka unopisa kwehafu yenguva kusvika kutsigira ye-74 degrees Celsius. Apo nzira inononoka inoshandiswa, kutonhora kuchave kwakadzika (64 degrees Celsius), asi nguva yekubata yakareba (zvakakosha kumira hafu yeawa). Nekugadzirirwa kwemukaka usina kuputika, unogona kushandisa mubiki anowanzo ne thermometer kana imba pasteurizer.

Mushure mekuita, iwe unofanira kukurumidza kubvisa mukaka mune imwe yakasviba ndiro. Inofanira kuyeukwa kuti chero chinhu chipi zvacho chinogunzva mukaka chinofanira kushandiswa kuti chisasvibiswa. A teknolojia yakasiyana neimwe inoshandiswa kupisa colostrum. Colostrum inofanira kupiswa kunopisa ye 56 degrees Celsius, uye inochengeterwa kweawa. Nzira yakadaro inokwanisa kuparadza zvisikwa zvose zvinokuvadza, asi, zvakasiyana, zvinokosha kuchengetedza ma antibodies anokosha kune mbudzi munzvimbo inoshanda.

Apo kudyisa mbudzi kubva mumazuva okutanga ehupenyu kunoitwa kunze kwechibereko, muzviitiko zvizhinji zvekumwa kwemhuka kushandisa mabhodhoro kana makapu. Dinnerware mukaka unofanira kuva wakachena. Inofanira kugara ichiyeukwa kuti sezvo vana vachikura, vanobva vashanda, vanogona kuvhiringidza pavanorova munhu achidya kubva mubhodhoro. Zvinofanira kutariswa kuti kudya vana vacheche vaine bhodhoro rekudzivirira kunotora nguva yakareba.

Zvokudya kubva pani

Vana vaduku vanogona kudzidziswa kudya mukaka kubva pakuberekwa kwavo. Kudyisa mhuka kubva pani inzira inoshamisa, asi vana vanoita nenzira iyi yekudyisa vazhinji. Nokuti vanogona kunwa mukaka wakawanda sezvavanoda. Kudyisa vana kubva mundiro kana pate kunogona kubva kubva panguva yekunwa doro. Mwana wacho achafara kunwa mukaka kana akashongedzwa kutonhora kwe40 degrees Celsius (iyo inopfuura mabhirigirii akareba kupfuura inowanzoshambadza). Apo mwana paanoona chirongo kana ndiro yekaka, hazvizoiti pakarepo. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuvhara chiso chake mumudziyo wemukaka. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvichakwana kuti mwana anzwisise zvinofanira kuitika zvinotevera. Pakutanga iwe unogona kushandisa mabhuru maduku ekuimbira mwana, iyo munguva pfupi inogona kuchinjwa kuva pani kana ndiro. Mukombe kana chipupu chinoshandiswa nyore nyore kushambidza kupfuura pepurasitiki. Mukuwedzera, pachava nematambudziko asina kutarisirwa anowanikwa nekutenga mavini uye mabhodhoro. Asi mukudyisa kubva pani panewo zvakare kuduku-kazhinji vana vanoiswa muhutano hwetsoka, saka vanoidururira.

Zvokudya zvemwana wembudzi

Kudya nekutarisira vana kubva kuberekwa kusvika mumazuva makumi matatu ndezvotevera.

Usati wasvika mazuva makumi matatu ekuberekwa, vana vanokurudzirwa kuti vadye kanomwe pazuva, kureva, maawa mashanu. Chidya chamangwanani pamwana chinofanira kutanga pamatanhatu mangwanani, uye kudya kwemanheru nenguva dzepfumbamwe.

Pamazuva gumi ekuberekwa, zvishoma zvehusi kana mafirosi zvinogona kuwedzerwa kumudyari wembudzi. Uyewo mukudya kunotanga kuisa munyu (4-6 gm pazuva pazuva).

Pamasvondo matatu ezera, vana vakatokwanisa kutarisana nekusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana: bran, flattened oats, pomace yakapwanyika. Kune idzi inogadzirisa zvakanakisa kuwedzera 10 g yevhu choko kana bone bone. Zuva rega rega mbudzi dzinenge dzakabikwa oat porridge, iyo inofanira kunge yakadururwa zvishoma uye inoshandiswa ichidziya. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemidzi midzi yekudyisa vana vaduku vakadurwa.

Paunenge uchikura mbudzi, chirongwa chekudyisa vana kusvika pamwedzi chinenge ichi:

• 1-2 mazuva - vanodya magiramu 200 emukaka wose mukudya kumwechete (kanomwe pazuva).
• 3-5 zuva - vanodya 225-250 gm (4 kana pazuva).
• 6-10 zuva - mune imwe kudya kunopa 300 g.
• Kubva pamazuva gumi kusvika ku20, 200 gramu ye oatmeal inodyiswa.
• 21-30 mazuva, kunze kwemukaka (1200 g pazuva), mwana anopiwa 300 gm oatmeal uye 300 g ye concentrates.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kubva pakuberekwa kwevana kunoda mvura. Saka, zvakakosha kuvapa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwemvura yakachena, isiriye.

Kana mbudzi dzichienda kugadziriro yekuchengetedza pazera remwedzi gumi nemana, dzinoda kupa imwe nehafu yenguruve zuva nezuva, inenge 300 g ye concentrates uye inenge imwe kirogram yemidzi yakasiyana. Kudya kwakadaro kuchapa mbudzi ine nhamba yakakwana yezvinhu zvinobatsira uye ichasimudzira kukura. Iyi chirongwa chekudyisa uye kutarisira vana mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu kunogona kuvimbisa hupfumi hunosvika 4 kg pamwedzi.

Zvakanakira Mbudzi Chizi

Varidzi vembudzi vanoziva kuti mukaka wembudzi inowedzera caloric. Mukuwedzera, ine chikamu chikuru chemapurotini, mafuta uye nenyaya yakaoma. Kana ukachienzanisa nemukaka wemhou, zvino ine amino acids inodiwa kumunhu. Umukaka wembudzi kune mafuta. Zvisinei, ine zvakanyanya zvinopesana nematambudziko. Vanhu vazhinji havadyi mukaka wembudzi nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kwayo. Zvisinei, iyi haisi mhosho yemhuka pachayo. Misi ine kunhuhwira kunokonzerwa nekusava nehanya kwevanatenzi vayo. Mhuka inochengetwa yakachena, udder nguva dzose inoshambidzwa, uye ndiro dzekudya dzakachena, dzichabereka mukaka pasina kunhuwa. Kunhuwira kwembudzi kunogona kuvhara zvose zvakapoteredza, kusanganisira zvokudya, mvere dzemadzimai. Inofanira kuonekwa kuti mvere dzembudzi dzinofanira kushandiswa mashizha kamwechete pavhiki kuitira kuti kudzivirira ganda rePores kubva pakuvhara. Kana zvisina kudaro, izvo zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuenda nemukutuka kupinda muropa nemukaka. Vagadziri vane ruzivo vanoziva kuti kuti vaone kunaka kwemukaka wembudzi, mumwe chete anoda kunhuwa musoro wembudzi. Kana kushushikana kusingafadzi kuripo, iwe unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti mukaka uchange uine husina kunaka.

Kudyisa mbudzi yembudzi

Mbudzi dzinowanzopiwa zvokudya zvakasvibiswa (zvinomera zvemiti, mbatatisi peels). Munguva inopisa, mhuka dzinofara pamvura , saka haifaniri kuwedzera kuwedzera. Nhengo yezuva nezuva yehusi yembudzi inenge 3 kg. Nokuda kwechando, mhuka dzinorayirwa kuti dzigadzirire inenge hafu yematani. Inofanira kuyeukwa kuti uswa hutsva muzhizha hunovandudza kushandiswa kwekudya kwemhuka. Kunyange zvazvo mbudzi dzisinganyanyisi pakusarudza zvokudya, dzinoramba dzichibva kune zvigadzirwa zvakapambwa nehutu.

Zvokudya zvevakadzi

Izvo "mhando" yevakadzi inofanira kunge ine 2 kg yehusi, inenge 2.5 kg yezvokudya uye imwe hafu ye kilogiramu yemagetsi. Chikamu chemhuka chinofanira kunge chisina mahwendefa uye chinyoro. Mumwaka wechando, imba inofanira kunge ichiita mweya, ndiko kuti, inofanirwa kupa mweya mutsva.