Kugadziriswa kwepenjeni kune vasiri vashandi vezvemari: mazano pakuverenga

Kuwedzera kwehukuru hwebhadharo yepenjeni kwakauya kusvika pakutanga mune urongwa hwekugara kwenguva refu kwepenjeni. Chechi chikamu chiduku chevanhu vekare veRussia vanogara mukubudirira, vazhinji vari kure nemamiriro akanaka ehupenyu. Vamwe vanogara mubhadharo vanomanikidzwa kudzokera kubasa, vamwe vanobatsirwa nevana vakwegura. Pamusana pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emari, vanhu vakwegura vachiwedzera kutarisa mamwe mapeji emari. Asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehutano, vazhinji vanotofanira kumira basa ravo.

Panguva yakadaro zvakakosha kuziva pamusoro pezvaunogona kuverenga uye kuti zvipi zvepamusoro zvichaiswa. Kugadziriswa kwepenjeni kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara zvinodiwa, sezvimwe mamiriro ezvinhu angakanganisa kuwedzera kwemari yekubhadhara.

Chii chinonzi recalculation?

Izwi iri rinotsanangurwa neBritain Law "PaInishuwarensi Pensions". Kuvandudzwa kwepenjeni kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara mari kunoreva kuchinja kwehuwandu hwekubhadhara kwakakodzera. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana vagari vemo vanopa purogiramu itsva yemabhuku anotsigira kuchinja kwehupenyu mamiriro ezvinhu. Chikonzero chekugadzirisa zvakare chinogona kunge chiri kuchinja munheyo yemutemo.

Ndeipi nzira dzinorondedzera penheji?

Nzira yekudzokorora mari yepensheni kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara mari inogona kushandiswa nenzira mbiri:

1. Pakarepo paunenge uchizviisa pasi pezvinyorwa zvePensheni Fund yeRussian Federation. Recalculation inoitwa maererano nemari yakatarwa. Imba yepensheni neyekutanga, sekutonga, inouya kare mumwedzi unotevera mushure mekunyora kwepadikanwa mapepa.
2. Automatically. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, chiyero chakatarwa uye uwandu hweupensheni penhesi inogona kuwedzera. Izvozvo zvinoreva kushanda kwevashandi, kuburitswa kunoitwa maererano nemipiro inobva kuvashandi vavo. Asi mvumo kune chiyero chepamusoro inotendwa apo vagari veRussia vanosvika makore makumi masere.

Ndinofanira here kudzokorora mapensheni kune vasiri vashandi vezvemari? Zvechokwadi, hongu, kana pane chimwe chezvinhu zviri pasi apa. Paunosvika makore makumi masere, iwe unogona kutenga bhonasi kubva pazuva rimwechete. Kana boka rekuremara rakashanduka, mitsva itsva ichawedzerwa kubva panguva yekubuda kwebhuku rekusimbisa. Asi kana kuchinja kwehupenyu mamiriro ezvinhu kunoreva kuderera kwemari yekubhadhara, kuchinja kuchaitika kubva pamwedzi unotevera.

Ndinoratidzei zvakare kana ndava nemakore makumi masere?

Nzira yekugadzirisa sei mari yepenjeni kune vasiri vashandi vehupfumi vakashandura makumi masere? Munyaya iyi zvose zvinowanzoitika. Chipo ichocho chinopindirana nehuwandu hwekubhadhara. Iko pachayo inotarisa dhipatimendi yedhara, iyo inotsanangurwa munyaya yekubhadhara.

Kuti uve muridzi wechipiri chekubhadhara, iwe unoda kugamuchira mushuwarisi. Vachikumbira mari yepamusoro inogona kuva iyo vagari vezera remakore avo vanobhadharwa hupfumi hwevanhu.

Kuve muridzi wemari yakatarwa kaviri inogona kuitika kana kukanganisa kwechingwa-mukundi. Asi munyaya iyi, unoda kunyora kuregererwa kwezvibatsiro uye kuenda kumubhedha nemakore. Iyi nzira inogona kushandiswa muPensheni Fund.

Ko penheji inodzokororwa sei?

Zvinokwanisika here kudzokorora pensheni kumunhu asiri kushanda mubhadharo kana boka rekuremara richichinjwa? Hongu, pamusana pemafungiro evanozivikanwa. Nzvimbo yePension Fund inogara iyo ichadzokorora zvakare pachokwadi ichi. Kuwedzera penhesi yepensheni inowanikwa kubva pazuva iro mamiriro matsva ekushaya simba kwebasa akaiswa.

Nzira yekuita sei chirevo pamusoro pekudzoka?

Zvinyorwa zvekugadziriswa kwepenjeni yevasingashandisi mubhadharo ndiyo inheyo yekuita izvi. Chirongwa chacho ndechepepa guru. Vose vagari veRussia, avo vari pazororo rakakodzera, vane kodzero yekufuratira pamusoro pekuchinja kwemari yakabhadharwa kwaari. Zvikonzero zvinotevera zvinogona kushanda sezvikonzero zvekutumira chikumbiro:

• Shanduko muhuwandu hwevanhu vanovimba mumhuri;
• Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo itsva yekugara nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo (zvinoreva nzvimbo dzeFar North kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadaro);
• Kuwana kodzero yekurega basa rapera mukuvapo kwechiitiko chebasa muHarare North.

Icho hachisi chaicho kuvapo kwega kwekushandisa kuPensheni Fund . Kune zviitiko apo, zvichienderana nehutano hwehutano hwevanhu, izvi hazvibviri. Zvadaro mumiririri anogona kudhinda zvinyorwa. Iyo nzira inogona kushandiswa mukutarisira kweNzvimbo yePension Fund, post office kana kuburikidza nejiro rayo pane webhusaiti yehutano.

Chirongwa chicharatidza dhipatimendi yedhara, chikonzero chekudzokorora, uye runyorwa rwemashoko akabatanidzwa.

Nokunyora mapepa pasipoti, nhamba ye inshuwarisi yebhuku rega rega richave yakakosha. Chero mimwe magwaro anogona kukumbirwa chete kana zvichidiwa kana musipo mavari mumabhuku ehurumende.

Iyo maitirwo anofunga kubvunzwa mukati memazuva mashanu ekushanda.

Ko pachava nehomwe yezvipo kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara gore rino here?

Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekubhadhara mari yepenjeni kunofanirwa nehuwandu hwekuwedzera kwehurumende munyika. Uwandu hwepensheni hunobatanidzwawo nemutengo wevatengi. Saka, maererano nezvose-chiRussia zviratidzo, premium ichave yakaenzana nehafu nehafu yezana. Hurumende inoronga kuwedzera pensions nehuwandu huwandu hwegore rino.

Pakati pese, tinogona kuona maitiro akanaka. Gore rapera, kuongororwa kwakaitwa kamwechete, uye kuchinja kwaiva mazana mana. Uye izvi zvisinei nepokuti kuwedzera kwezvikwereti kwaive kwakakwirira kwazvo.

Munguva ichangopfuura, hurumende yakasarudza kuti imwe nhepfenyuro inowanikwa muna 2017 ichatsiviwa nekubhadhara kwakasarudzwa kwemazana zviuru makumi mashanu. Uyu ndiwo rudzi rwebhonasi yekushaikwa kwekuwedzera kwegore rapfuura. Kugadziriswa kwepenjeni kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara muzviitiko izvi hazvidiwi. Hapana chikumbiro chakakosha chinodiwa. Kubudiswa kwemaripo kunosungirwa, saka, haufaniri kushanda kuPensheni Fund kuti uwane mari yekuwedzera mari. Iyi yebhadharo yekubhadhara inofanira kubatsira kubhadhara mari yevashandi vepereji vanoshandiswa pamutengo kuwedzerwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwezvinhu.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekuwana mubhadharo?

Kuwedzera kwehupfumi muna 2017 ndeyekuti vasiri vashandi vepereji. Kukura kwekubhadhara kunovhiringidzwa nezvinhu zvinotevera:

• Nzvimbo yekugara;
• Chiyero chekuchengetedza zvishoma mumunharaunda iyo munhu anoshandira ari mupenyu;
• Ikozvino kukosha kwepensheni inobatsira.

Zvose zvinokwana (zvichienderana nehukuru) zvinowira mumapoka maviri:

1. Federal (chimiro chavo chinosungirwa kuita).
2. Regional (ivo vanobhadhara zvichienderana nebasa rebhajeni renharaunda).

Mvumo yehurumende inongowanikwa chete kune vagari veRussia avo vari pane zvakakodzera kufanira. Chikonzero chekuwana mamwe mari yezvemari ndeyemari yekubhadhara, iyo inofanira kunge iri pasi pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemari hunosimbiswa mune imwe nzvimbo.

Mukupedzisa

Mari yepensheni inoratidzirwa kune vasiri vashandi vekubhadhara mari nenzira imwecheteyo nenzira yakadaro yeimwe mimwe mitero. Chikonzero chekudzokorora ndechokugamuchira magwaro mutsva kubva kune uyo anozviti iye oga kana zvimwe zvivako zvehurumende. Chikonzero chikuru chekudzokorora ndechehupenyu huri mamiriro ezvinhu.

Kubatsira kwekudzokorora kunoenzaniswa nekuenzanisira kuri pachena. Kunyoresa uku kukuru, kugadziridza ndeye nzira yemunhu. Chiyero chekubhadhara chichatsigirwa nezvimiro zveavo vanoita - vanozosvika makore makumi masere, vachichinja kushanda nesimba. Asi kunewo maitiro ekumanikidzwa. Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira kwepensheni yevasiri vashandi vekubhadhara mari yakaitwa musi waAugust 1, 2016.