Kukurukurirana mashoko ari mashoko. Mhando kwokubatana mashoko ari mashoko

Sezvaunoziva, mubatanidzwa mashoko okuti kunoitika maererano nemitemo chaiwo. Kuti sangana navo kunoda lexical kugarisana. Uyezve, vanoda mumwe kuzviisa pasi kubatana kuti zvinofanira hazvo kuva pakati mashoko aya.

In mutauro wokuRussia pane zvinotevera mhando pakukurukurirana mashoko okuti: iri kufambisa, utariri uye contiguity.

chibvumirano

Enzanirana - ndiwo ukama umo zvaanoda pakuderedza pachinhu chikuru kufananidzwa yakareba ari unoenderana girama mhando.

Tsanangudzo iyi inoratidza vakawanda nyaya enzanirana, apo zvaanoda chimiro kuchinja huru zvinoriumba. Mune dzimwe, ishoma zvikuru kunzwisisa zviitiko, hapana kuitwa uye correlating Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu zvakaita izvi zviviri zvinoriumba.

In kubvumirana zvikurukuru nguva dzose anoita pazita, uye zvechokwadi zvaanoda zvinoriumba zvinoshanda kirasi zvivakamutauro, zvine zvimiro kuva syntactic zvaanoreva.

Marudzi harmonization

The nyore Kufambisa mhando anogona kuwanikwa mitsara apo zvaanoda zvinoriumba kunoratidzwa kuva chipauro (kusanganisira ordinal nhamba, zvisazitasingwi, adjectives uye PARTICIPLE): pomuouki iyi, zuva chando, chinhu chinoshamisa, kuti Chiitiko akacherechedza uye nevamwe.

Pahwaro nokuda kwokubatana kwakaita mashoko okuti mhando ichi rinogonawo vakazvigadzirirwa coupling, umo huru zvinoriumba Rinobatanidzwa imwe chikamu anoumba rimwe kuzvimiririra shoko. Somuenzaniso, izvi kunoitika zvakasiyana siyana oblique zviitiko wemishonga emazita pamwe mufundisi nhamba (musi nomwe mhepo, pamwe mahwindo matatu imba), kusiyana siyana im.p. uye rinobatana CP apo nhamba pane pazita, ndiro shoko huru uye anorayira kuti ekupedzisira akamira rod.p:. mumba mahwindo matatu, dzimba nhatu, mhepo nomwe.

In kubvumirana mbiri pazita Phrasen ikashandiswa siyana: runako, Dawn, nzira-mugwagwa, kuvakwa injiniya.

Harmonization of Predicate nhau

Communication mumwe pazita iri im.p., riri pasi, uye conjugated marudzi rechiito, unova Predicate syntactic tsika rinotaurawo chibvumirano.

Conjugated rechiito kana chipauro iri pfupi chimiro uye pazita mavari. . N dzinowanikwa siyana chechikadzi uye nhamba: munda chinhu, sango akashama, segirazi denga.

Pamutemo huru chezvinonhuwira anofambidzana akadaro anonzi kuva pazita iri im.p.

A zvakaoma zvikuru nyaya mashoko okuti kukurukura kunoitika apo, panzvimbo pazita iri im.p. sezvo nyaya anoita kuitika chokuti, nhamba kana zvimwe chikamu kutaura kuti haana chechikadzi. In vaitaura izvi hazvisi kuchengetwa kuitwa pasi Predicate kuwanda uye munhui, vachimuenzanisa rokutanga Mapato aya haasi. Zvisinei, nokuda vatungamirire pasi Predicate ari pano.

Full uye kukwana harmonization

kubatana kwakadaro mashoko ari okuti (kufambisa), umo huru zvinoriumba rinokanganisa muropa chipi zvacho, anonzi zvizere harmonization. With kukwana iri kuchengetwa chete mune dzimwe nzira chete zita.

Mhando kukwana harmonization

Pane mhando mbiri vavo. Origin - kana pasina kuwirirana pakati pavo nyaya (mu nhamba nomutsa, kana zvaanoda akafananidza chikuru zvinoriumba). Incompleteness mune iyi kunoitika nokuti kubatsirwa chimiro shoko ane chokuita maviri akasiyana shoko siyana, rimwe iro anosarudza pezvakaita mhosva kubatsirwa, uye mumwe - ndinoumba nhamba uye mhando nemataundi mashoko ( "akasimuka nzara" iri mutongo "Anna haana kuda kudya uye simuka nzara kubva patafura. "Pano chimiro" nzara "uye kunoenderana muchimiro" kusimuka "uye pezvakaita" Anna ").

Nyaya yechipiri - apo hapana akafanana mune mhando. Muchiitiko chino, kukwana harmonization anonzi kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvekupfakira siyana mune mhando zvaanoda shoko, asi zvinoreva kuti uriri chiso. Izvi zvinogoneka yakasanganiswa rume pazita kutaura basa musoro uye basa racho, pamwe chipauro, kana emazita izvi zvinoshandiswa pamusoro vakadzi: Munyori mutsva chiremba wedu. Izvi uye zvimwe mienzaniso iri kushandiswa vari chakanangana zvisina kutaura.

utariri

Tikaramba kutsanangura nzira yokukurukurirana mashoko ari mashoko uye anozodzidza utariri. Muchidimbu, utariri iri kutaurirana rinotungamirirwa kubva pamashoko yokuumba mashoko, kuti ndicho chikuru chimiro mashoko asingaiti kukanganisa chimiro ukama: itai zvakanaka, anoita zvakanaka, anoita zvakanaka; zvokudya vamwari, vamwari zvokudya, etc.

Management - omurume kubatana mashoko ari anoshamisira iyo huru shoko kunoda kubatsirwa muchimiro chaiwo zvakadaro chokumupomera, kana pasina izvozvo.

Ndicho chikuru chinoita ichi mhando pakukurukurirana, utungamiriri, - kana shoko, kana mufananidzo wechinhu mashoko, asi zvaanoda - nguva dzose kuumba mashoko, imwe mukukurukurirana - pazita. Shoko guru iri nyaya angareva chero mukukurukurirana.

With kwakadai maererano nemashoko ari mashoko ndivo novimba zvinoriumba nyaya zvikonzero pazita, kwete kunokonzerwa nokufananidza huru nzira, sezvakaita iri kufambisa, uye kuratidza kunyanya kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro hukama nhandare kana nyaya yavo.

The chete kunze ndivo nyaya mbiri iyo ukama mashoko ari mutongo wokuti rinobatanidza marudzi maviri shoko (kureva nyaya imwe pazita):

1. Mubatanidzwa izvo zvinoumba okufananidza chipauro kana dudzirachiito uye chipauro hwakanakisisa: makomo kumusoro, akasimba kupfuura rufu, soro pakati nenhongonya, yakasimba pamusoro mutsimba.
2. Mubatanidzwa izvo zvinoumba siyana conjugated siyana pachavo verbs uye emazita mu im.p. . Kuitika chokuti pazita chimiro uye muna JP: kuchanaya - kuva mvura, achauya vakawanda vaenzi, mvura natekla uye nevamwe.

Saka, akasiyana, zvinhu, kutukana, Adverbial uye adjectival utariri.

Forms utariri

Kusiyanisa pakati mhando management ndedzinotevera zvinhu:

• Predictability / unpredictability;
• hunhu syntactic ukama;
• Fanira / Zvingakudetsera.

Tichingotarisa mhando inogona dzinounzwa masere, asi chaizvoizvo mumutauro wokuRussia ndedzinotevera mhando kwokubatana mashoko ari mashoko ari utariri (mashanu):

1. Kukurukurirana, riri rokumanikidzirwa kuti chaiko chokufenbera syntactic ukama (rubatsiro, kunyora tsamba, yakavakwa vadzidzi, hazvina kushanda).
2. Kukurukurirana, riri chokufenbera kuti mutemo unoti kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro-syntactic ukama (pakutyaira kuva rusvingo, dhonzai kubva sutukezi, enda kumba).
3. Communication, riri rokumanikidzirwa kuti chaiko chokufenbera syntactic ukama (chena chando, kupfeka Homwe mukoma imba).
4. Communication, riri madikanwa nepredskazuyuschey pamwe kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye syntactic ukama (kurarama mhiri dondo, dondo, musango).
5. Communication, riri tingasarudza nepredskazuyuschey pamwe kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye syntactic ukama (basa mumunda, achinyora pavhiki, imba pedyo nomugwagwa).

mhesano

Mashoko okuti kukurukura nzira vanorondedzerwa pamusoro vaisanganisa adjacently. Junction - omurume kubatana, umo zvaanoda shoko haachinji chimiro chawo, uye chete nzvimbo chokuita tenzi. Naizvozvo, sezvo nemataundi mashoko ichi mhando maererano, iye nguva dzose mashoko kusachinjika asina syntactic vajairira. Vanosanganisira adverbs, vaviri kutukana siyana - kuitika chokuti uye gerund, dzinogara chipauro uye nyore chimiro ari kuenzaniswa mwero ari chipauro: kuchovha, shandurai zvakarurama, tsika kusvuta, vana akwegura kwazvo vakura.

Tiine abutment dzinogona kubatanidzwa fomu iri possessive chisazita ari munhu wechitatu (wake, ayo, avo) pamwe emazita: yake mhuri, musha wake, navana vavo.

Nokuti ichi mhando kukurukurirana kubatana rinoreva pazita chimiro chimwe pazita, dzisingapindirani nazvo, kana ane rose boka mhando emazita: musha Brody, Lake Baikal, magazini "Kunze," Petersburg-Moscow mugwagwa uye nevamwe.

Pahwaro contiguity rechirume shoko (ndiro huru zvinoriumba) uye chimiro shoko (ndiro novimba chikamu).

Sezvo mashoko huru inogona kushandiswa kuva zvikuru dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mukana wavo associative kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kana zvivakamutauro mashoko zviri rakatenderedzwa sezvo abutment. Somuenzaniso, apo emazita hazviitiki Qualitative adverbs, gerunds uye anogona kushandiswa chete verbs. Chero chikamu pakutaura kunogona kushandiswa kuitika chokuti (nokuti chipauro, pazita, shoko rechiito, dudzirachiito predicative), asi kwete shoko rimwe nerimwe achimiririra nayo.

Features contiguity

Izvi mhando maererano mashoko okuti ndiwo nepredskazuyuschim (nokuti jhaana muchimiro rimwe nemataundi shoko). Junction - kunyanya zvokusarudza chisungo, asi dzimwe nguva kungadiwa contiguity.

Vanosungirwa contiguity

1. Kuitika chokuti verbs pamwe zvinoreva chido, zvichaita, zvinobvira danho verbs (angatsunga kuramba, raira kunyarara, achida kudzidza, kuti varege kushanda).
2. Dudzirachiito Qualitative uye anodzidzisa wakareruka verbs (nechivimbo, kushamwaridzana, tarisa zvakanaka).
3. Adverbial dudzirachiito uye rechiito nzvimbo ane ukoshi dzokugara nzvimbo (pakuva kure, zviri pedyo uye kuva pedyo).

Nemarongerwo kutaurirana mashoko ari mashoko pamwe abutment kunogonawo kuva akasiyana. Between mashoko anogona kuva zvakanaka syntactic kana kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro ukama nemarongerwo.

mhando contiguity

Maererano apa unhu ndedzinotevera mhando mashoko okuti panyaya abutting:

1. Kukurukurirana, riri madikanwa nepredskazuyuschey pamwe nemarongerwo zvakakodzera (attributive) ukama (kuti kukwanisa kuratidza kuramba kutaura, kuita zvakanaka kuti makagovana).
2. Communication, riri madikanwa nepredskazuyuschey pamwe kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye syntactic ukama (kuenda kwose kwose, riri pakatarisana).
3. Kukurukurirana, riri tingasarudza pamwe nepredskazuyuschey attributive (chaizvoizvo syntactic) ukama (basa pamwe chete kuseka vachifara, muna Yelnya, bhuku iri kunakidza).
4. Communication, riri tingasarudza nepredskazuyuschey pamwe kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye syntactic ukama (basa pamusoro, kutaura zuro, Moscow nhasi, tinongoita kuvhuna, guta usiku).

Types landfall pamusoro zvivakamutauro ehupfumi

Kana abutting heterogeneous uye zvivakamutauro ukama mashoko ari mashoko. Maererano nenheyo iyi zvinosanganisira mhando kwokubatana mashoko ari sezvo contiguity gerunds, kuitika chokuti, imwe dudzirachiito, imwe pazita chimiro nonconcordial uye invariable chipauro mutsara kwakadaro.