Article munhu, ane, mutauro Chirungu: kushandiswa mienzaniso, kazhinji

Mumitauro yakawanda pane chinhu chakadai munyaya. Kutanga kudzidza girama ane dingindira ichi chichava chisarudzo chakanaka vanoda kuziva Chirungu. ARTICLE (kazhinji kushandisa kubatsira kunzwisisa nyaya) - ebetsero mukukurukurirana mumutauro Chirungu. Zvinoratidza pakutsanangura kana nokusingagumi pazita. Hereinafter kupiwa mitemo kushandiswa kwayo, apo nyaya imwe (imwe), kuti kusiyiwa.

Mhando idzi

In Chirungu, pane mhando mbiri nyaya:

• vamwe - the;
• indeterminate - a (imwe) (kaviri).

Chivakashure kunoratidza kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro chero kuvazivisa kana avanoziva zvinhu, ndiko zvikuru pamunhu mumwe, chinhu inomira pakati vamwe. A nokusingagumi kunoratidza munhu generalized ukoshi kana nyaya iri murugwaro kekutanga. mienzaniso:

The musikana ane dog./U vasikana vane imbwa.

Kubva mutongo uyu tinogona kunzwisisa kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro musikana chaiwo uyo atova zvaizivikanwa muverengi uye yava zvamboshandiswa vanotaurwa acho, asi shoko rokuti "imbwa", zvikuru kazhinji, kworudzii imbwa harizivikanwi.

Next, tinodzidza mitemo, uye kuita zviitwa pamusoro nyaya hwokuchengetedza acho.

mavambo

Takaona kuti mu Chirungu pane chikamu pakutaura, sezvo nyaya iri: a (imwe), iyo. Pakutanga vaibva nemamwe mazwi, uye kusvika pamwero zvabatwa kukosha kwayo okuberekwa.

Somuenzaniso, chivakashure mudimbudzirwa yeshoko (iye, iye), riri sei anotakura chaiyo ukoshi yakadaro.

The nokusingagumi Nyaya rinobva pamashoko mumwe (mumwe, a).

chivakashure

In Chirungu, chivakashure ane Mabasa maviri: wokutanga vavo - concretizing uye mumwe - a zvavo. Uye kushandisa chikamu ichi kutaura, kana munhu anoziva mhando chaizvo kuti chinhu chiri mubvunzo, kana kana nyaya iri rakasiyana.

Chivakashure mu Narrow ukoshi

• Rinoshandiswa, kana chimwe chinhu inomira kubva raora, ane zvimwe yakanaka zvokusarudza, inomira dzakasiyana mhosva, chechinyorwa. Pamberi adjectives zviri pamwero mukuru kwazvo.

Ndiye yakanakisisa mutambi kwedu team./On mutambi zvakanakisisa chikwata chedu.

• Akaisa pamberi ordinal nhamba, mashoko anotevera, pakupedzisira, mangwana, chete uye kwazvo. Ivo vanoita zvakawanda chaiwo pazita.

Uye kwete rakatevera day./I rakatevera.

• Pamberi superlatives kuisawo chivakashure.

Ndicho rakaipisisa zuva rangu life./Eto chakaipisisa zuva hwangu.

Chivakashure iri kwetunhu zvinoreva

• In generalizing - sechinhu pazita anogona kureva pfungwa yose zvinhu.

Mienzaniso inosanganisira Mufudzi German - jasi miviri ndiyo yakarurama, uye pfupi length./Naprimer, Shepherd German. Shinda ane unhu maviri: yakananga uye pfupi yakareba.

Tiri kutaura pamusoro imbwa zvose, kuva imwe erudzi.

• It akadarikira kana chikatsiviwa possessive mestoimeneniem.

Iye chokwadi vaiva rudo German wake Shepards./Ona rinonyatsotaura anofarira Vafudzi vavo German.

• Kana unogona kuisa pamberi rokuti shoko "ichi".

The hotera zvakare inobudisa nyore kuwana dzakawanda pevhu stations./Otel (hotera) riri nyore nyore kubva wandei pevhu zvechitima.

• Kana chaiyo nguva, zviitiko zvinokosha.

The World First War./Pervaya World War.

• Tisati zvazvisingaverengeki emazita, chete kana totaura mumwe Vhoriyamu fuma.

Zvino murimi ane kuwana imwe nzira yokuti anunure juice./Zatem murimi achafanira kuwana imwe nzira muto kugadzirwa.

• Pamberi mazita dzemiviri.

The ruoko / ruoko.

• Before munzanga uye strata kwenzanga.

The police./Sotrudniki mapurisa.

The chivakashure nemazita zvakakodzera uye mamwe mazita

Zvichakubatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani sei kushandisa mazita avo uye mazita vamwe nyaya, hurukuro pazasi. Pamberi zvose zvinotevera mashoko anofanira kuwedzerwa chivakashure yacho.

mazita yakafanira	mienzaniso
rwizi	ari Nakdong
Mazita mapepanhau	Washington Post
mazita nenzvimbo	ari North Pole
Zvinhu yezvenyeredzi	ari Moon
mazita makomo	eAndes
chiedza ruoko	kuMabvazuva
Unonzi muzvizhinji (Meaning zvose dzemhuri)	ari Adamsons
channel	reNicaragua Canal
mumadhorobha nzvimbo	kuWest End
chizvarwa	rokuItari
Unique mapurani hurongwa	ari Winter Palace
gwenga	ari Bolivian
mazita mvura mitumbi	Gungwa Black
mazita ngarava	ari Aurora
dzimwe nyika	ari Argentine
nicknames	marefu Ben

The chivakashure. uwandu

• Kana chivakashure pamberi shoko rinoshandiswa kureva izvozvo chinoiswa pamberi pake uye muzvizhinji.

Unogona kuunza bhora pamwe, kana uchida want./Esli bhora kutora nemi.

Unogona kuunza balls pamwe, kana uchida want./Esli, kutora bhora naye.

• Sezvo nyaya anoramba pamberi muzvizhinji, panyaya ipi boka rose.

Nhengo Golf Club anogona kufema manyoro air./Chleny Golf Club anogona kufema mhepo yakachena. (All anogona kufema mhepo yakachena).

The nokusingagumi Nyaya imwe (imwe)

Akashandisa "munhu", kana tsamba yokutanga mushoko nzvanyira, "ane" - kana nzvanyira:

• netafura, kapeti, imbwa / tafura, a kapeti, imbwa;
• nzou, chegondo, imwe orenji / nzou, chapungu, orenji.

Kunze mutemo:

• nyaya inoti "munhu" nguva dzose yakaiswa pamberi mashoko anotanga tsamba "nepfambi", kana Rinotaurwa / Ju: / (Chirungu ndiwo mutauro zvakasikwa);
• pamberi mashoko "mumwe", "ndivo" nguva dzose kushandiswa nyaya "munhu" (mumhuri ine mubereki mumwe chete);
• Kana abbreviations kutanga nzvanyira, asi kuverenga ane nzvanyira (F iziviswe sezvo / gododd /), ipapo pamberi pavo nguva dzose vaishandisa isingazivikanwi inoti "munhu" (ane FBI mumiririri).

Classifying, uye generalizing kuti nhamba kukosha isingagumi nyaya

• The vaitaura pamwe kuratidza ruvara mune exclamatory mitongo anotanga chii, akashandisa nokusingagumi nyaya.

Chii guru! / How tonhorera!

• With kuchisazitasingwi pazita kunotanga nemashoko akadai asi, zvikuru, zvakadai uye kupfuura.

Mune rimwe asi prescient way./Vesma VANOONA.

• Kana pazita ari vakawanda ukoshi yose kirasi, mhando, layer nezvimwewo. E., The nokusingagumi Nyaya iri rakaiswa pamberi pake. Kakawanda, izvozvo pazita umire kutanga mutongo uye asingauyi zvokufungidzira ruzivo chero dzinonetsa. Zvikuru mashoko zvinotsanangurwa hereinafter.

Pepanhau rugwaro rwuri laconic chaizvo uye akakodzera essay./Gazetny rugwaro - iri pfupi uye akakodzera rondedzero.

• Nyaya nhamba ukoshi inomiririra kutanga ukoshi - mumwe.

Ndinogona kugara Paris kwenguva day./Ya aigona kuramba Paris chete zuva. (Pano zviri pachena kuti PARTICIPLE -a inogona kutsiviwa kwomunhu, shoko iro nyaya achiumbwa uye (imwe) (the -. On kuti) The kupfimbwa PARTICIPLE anopindura nzvimbo yaro dzose).

The nokusingagumi Nyaya imwe (imwe). uwandu

Articles iyo inoshandiswa pamberi pazita risiri, uzhinji harishandiswi.

Akanga bhuku astrology./U yaiva bhuku riri nyeredzi.

Akanga books./U maviri akanga mabhuku maviri. (Sezvaungaona, nyaya akasiya).

mazita zvakakodzera uye nyaya ine (imwe)

Article uye (imwe) rinoshandiswa pamberi mazita akakodzera, kana ivo:

• tsva

A Mr. Anderson auya kuzoona you./Neky Mr. Anderson vakasvika kuzokuona.

• anoshandiswa sehwakajairika emazita

Munofunga, ndiri Leonardoda Vinci? / Munofunga I Leonardo da Vinci?

• kuratidza pamusoro nenhengo dzemhuri

Hazvishamisi; chokwadi, iye ari Smith./Neudivitelno, nokuti - Smith.

• tsanangura nzvimbo nzvimbo kana chinhu

Takaona kuvakazve Rome./My zvakaonwa vakavakazve Rome.

Uyezve, pane kugadzikana okuti, izvo zvichienderana akapoteredza makadaro uye nguva dzose gara panzvimbo. mitsara zvakadaro iwe chete kudzidza:

vashoma / vashoma, ndiko tsitsi / urombo, zvishoma / zvishoma, uye zvichingodaro. d.

Kana nyaya harudikanwi

In Chirungu, pane chinhu chakadai "razero nyaya", kureva kuti, kana zviri ndisipo iri vaitaura pamberi emazita. The pamusoro Nyaya watopiwa kutaurwa nyaya umo nyaya iri ashaye. Ngatikurukurei mashoma mitemo.

• Kana adjectives pamberi emazita wakura / akwegura, zvishoma / diki, murombo / murombo, simbe / simbe, akatendeseka / zvakanaka.

Iye shoma girl./Ona - kasikana.

• Kana pasina tsanangudzo pazita.

Handidi Peter./Ya haana kufanana Peter.

• Pamberi madunhurirwa, madunhurirwa.

Ishe Green./Lord Green.

Exercises munyaya

Kusimbisa ruzivo rwavo, kuti vaite zvimwe muviri. Zvadaro bvunza kiyi dzavo mhinduro kuongorora kukanganisa. Somuenzaniso, unogona kuwana basa zvaitwa, vakapiwa pazasi.

Dzinoisa chisipo Nyaya munhu (imwe), kuti:

Paris ndiko ... akanaka town./Parizh - guta rakanaka.

Chii chiri kuitika? Ndinofunga kuti ... salute./Chto kuitika? Ndinofunga kuti munhu sarupu.

Britney Spears ndiko ... singer./Britni Spears - muimbi.

Uyu Nick. Ndiye ... engineer./Eto Nick. Iye injiniya.

... dandemutande ane makumbo masere, vasere legs./U madandaude.

Zviri ... tomato./Eto domatisi.

Ndini ... nurse./Ya mukoti.

Iye ... best./Ona zvakanakisisa.

Kuti atore ... seat./Sadites.

In ... country./V nyika.

Mhinduro maekisesaizi. Sei dzinoisa nyaya imwe (imwe), kuti:

1. a. 2. a. 3.. 4. ane. 5. a. 6. a. 7. a. 8.. 9.. 10. yacho.